本文選題：pH + 除鐵錳��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：地下水除鐵除錳是水工業(yè)中一個(gè)歷史悠久的研究課題，國(guó)內(nèi)外已對(duì)此展開了大量的研究。地下水除鐵除錳理論及技術(shù)先后經(jīng)歷了自然氧化法、接觸氧化法和生物法三個(gè)發(fā)展階段。但是，我國(guó)的地理環(huán)境多樣化，地下水的特征差異大，同時(shí)影響除鐵除錳的因素眾多，對(duì)于不同的地下水及處理工藝，鐵錳去除機(jī)理難以確定。本文以影響鐵錳去除的敏感因素pH值作為重點(diǎn)考察對(duì)象，以哈爾濱某區(qū)含高濃度鐵(平均15mg/l)、錳(平均1.0mg/l)和氨氮(平均2.2mg/l)的地下水為水源，研究pH分別為7.5,7.0和6.5的條件下，濾料的成熟時(shí)間及其鐵、錳和氨氮去除效果，以加深對(duì)濾料除鐵除錳機(jī)理的認(rèn)識(shí)。 進(jìn)水pH值對(duì)砂濾池水處理效果的影響研究結(jié)果表明：進(jìn)水pH越高，砂濾池掛膜時(shí)間越短，出水水質(zhì)越好。在pH為7.5,7.0和6.5時(shí)，濾池分別在40、60和150天表現(xiàn)除氨氮能力，90、140和210天后，不同pH下濾池除氨氮效果趨于一致，維持在0.4-0.5mg/l；pH值越高越有利于錳的去除，pH7.5的濾池分別運(yùn)行150天（錳砂）和170天（石英砂），出水錳0.05mg/l達(dá)標(biāo)，pH7.0的砂濾池有一定的除錳能力，錳砂出水錳濃度為0.3mg/l，石英砂為0.6mg/l，pH6.5的濾池運(yùn)行220天，沒有除錳效果；pH對(duì)濾池除鐵沒有影響，運(yùn)行150天后，出水鐵均為0.2mg/l以下，除鐵主要是依靠接觸氧化作用；進(jìn)水pH越高越有利于砂濾池對(duì)濁度的穩(wěn)定高效去除。錳砂和石英砂在不同pH下對(duì)鐵和氨氮的去除效果沒有顯著區(qū)別，對(duì)于錳的去除，在pH7.5和7.0的條件下錳砂對(duì)錳的去除效果要優(yōu)于石英砂，pH6.5時(shí)兩者一致沒有除錳效果。在pH為7.5的條件下，兩級(jí)除鐵除錳的成熟速度要明顯快于單級(jí)除鐵除錳，但是在pH為7.0和6.5的條件下，兩種除鐵除錳工藝的水質(zhì)處理效果沒有明顯的區(qū)別，這表明在一定范圍內(nèi)，pH對(duì)濾料成熟速度的影響遠(yuǎn)大于反洗頻率對(duì)其的影響。 pH對(duì)砂濾池除錳影響的機(jī)理探討研究表明：隨著pH的降低，鐵在濾池中的去除深度會(huì)增加，壓縮除錳帶，濾池的主要除錳帶向下移動(dòng)；隨著pH值的降低，濾料表面鐵含量逐漸升高，錳含量逐漸降低，，三價(jià)鐵氫氧化物會(huì)覆蓋濾料表面，阻礙“錳質(zhì)活性濾膜”的生成，從而干擾錳的去除。 錳砂吸附及再生除錳效能研究結(jié)果表明：錳砂吸附錳的過程符合二級(jí)動(dòng)力學(xué)方程，說明錳砂吸附錳是化學(xué)吸附過程，吸附質(zhì)與吸附劑之間有離子交換的過程發(fā)生；在錳砂吸附錳的過程中，前6h的吸附速率由內(nèi)擴(kuò)散控制，6h-12h吸附速率由膜擴(kuò)散控制，12h以后為吸附平衡階段。用不同pH溶液洗脫吸附飽和的錳砂時(shí)，在pH為1，2和3下，吸附飽和的錳砂會(huì)有大量的錳被洗脫，但是只有在pH為1時(shí)，錳砂達(dá)到121%的再生率；pH為2-8時(shí)的再生情況相差不大，再生率為55-65%；在pH≥9時(shí)再生率有提高的跡象。
[Abstract]:Removal of iron and manganese from groundwater is a long-standing research topic in water industry, which has been studied extensively at home and abroad. The theory and technology of removing iron and manganese from groundwater have experienced three stages: natural oxidation method, contact oxidation method and biological method. However, the geographical environment of our country is diversified, the characteristics of groundwater are different, and there are many factors that affect the removal of iron and manganese, so it is difficult to determine the removal mechanism of iron and manganese for different groundwater and treatment process. In this paper, the pH value of the sensitive factor affecting iron and manganese removal was taken as the main object of investigation. The groundwater containing high concentrations of iron (15 mg / L), manganese (1.0 mg / l) and ammonia nitrogen (2.2 mg / l) in Harbin was used as the water source, and the pH values were 7.5% 7.0 and 6.5 respectively. The maturation time of filter media and the removal effect of iron, manganese and ammonia nitrogen were studied in order to better understand the mechanism of iron removal and manganese removal. The effect of influent pH value on the water treatment effect of sand filter is studied. The results show that the higher the influent pH is, the shorter the time of suspended membrane is, and the better the effluent quality is. When the pH was 7.5 ~ 7.0 and 6.5, the ammonia nitrogen removal capacity of the filter was 90140 and 210 days after 40 ~ 60 and 150 days, respectively, and the effect of ammonia nitrogen removal in the filter was similar at different pH values. The higher pH value of 0.4-0.5 mg / L ~ (-1) O _ (2 +) is beneficial to the removal of manganese from the filter with pH 7.5 and 150 days (manganese sand) and 170 days (quartz sand), respectively. The sand filter with effluent manganese 0.05mg/l up to pH 7.0 can remove manganese to a certain extent. Manganese concentration in effluent is 0.3 mg / l and quartz sand is 0.6 mg / L pH 6.5 for 220 days. There is no effect of manganese removal and pH has no effect on iron removal in filter. After 150 days of operation, the iron in effluent is below 0.2mg/l, and iron removal mainly depends on contact oxidation. The higher the influent pH is, the more stable and efficient removal of turbidity is in the sand filter. There is no significant difference between manganese sand and quartz sand in the removal of iron and ammonia nitrogen at different pH. For manganese removal, manganese sand under pH7.5 and 7.0 is better than quartz sand in removing manganese at pH 6.5. Under the condition of pH 7.5, the ripening rate of two-stage iron and manganese removal is faster than that of single-stage iron and manganese removal, but under the conditions of pH 7.0 and 6.5, there is no obvious difference in the water quality treatment effect between the two kinds of iron and manganese removal processes. It shows that the influence of pH on the maturation rate of filter media is much greater than that of backwash frequency in a certain range. The study on the effect of pH on the removal of Manganese in Sand filter shows that with the decrease of pH, the removal depth of iron in the filter will increase, and the main strip of removing manganese in the filter will move down with the decrease of pH, and the removal depth of iron in the filter will increase with the decrease of pH value. The iron content on the surface of the filter media increases gradually, and the manganese content decreases gradually. The trivalent iron hydroxide will cover the surface of the filter material, thus hindering the formation of the "manganese active filter membrane", thus interfering with the removal of manganese. The results show that the process of manganese adsorption by manganese sand accords with the second order kinetic equation, which indicates that the adsorption of manganese by manganese sand is a chemical adsorption process, and the ion exchange process occurs between adsorbent and adsorbent. In the process of manganese adsorption by manganese sand, the adsorption rate of the first 6 h is controlled by internal diffusion and the adsorption rate is controlled by membrane diffusion for 12 h. When the adsorbed saturated manganese sand is eluted with different pH solutions, a large amount of manganese can be eluted at pH 1 ~ 2 and 3, but only when pH is 1, the regeneration rate of mn sand reaches 121% and the regeneration rate of mn sand reaches pH 2 ~ 8. The regeneration rate was 55-65, and the regeneration rate increased at pH 鈮

本文編號(hào)：1837498