發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-26 18:33

  本文選題：裂隙巖體 + 飽和水流�。� 參考：《北京交通大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：高放射性核廢物地下深埋處置、石油和天然氣及其它礦產(chǎn)資源的開采、地?zé)崮茉吹拈_發(fā)等眾多工程領(lǐng)域,都涉及裂隙巖體中的水、熱、力及化學(xué)等多場耦合問題。本文研究了飽和稀疏裂隙巖體三維水流-傳熱過程中溫度場和應(yīng)力場的半解析計(jì)算方法,并用該方法計(jì)算分析了高放核廢物地質(zhì)處置庫近場裂隙巖體的溫度與熱應(yīng)力分布特征。主要的研究內(nèi)容和成果包括： (1)單裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱模型中溫度場的半解析計(jì)算方法和影響因素分析：提出了由分布熱源、飽和單裂隙和兩側(cè)無限大巖石構(gòu)成的三維水流-傳熱簡化模型,建立了單裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱問題中溫度場的半解析計(jì)算方法,編寫了相應(yīng)的計(jì)算程序,與僅考慮巖石沿裂隙面法向一維熱傳導(dǎo)的解析解進(jìn)行了對比；計(jì)算分析了分布熱源作用下飽和單裂隙巖體的三維滲流-傳熱特征及其對裂隙水流速、巖石熱傳導(dǎo)系數(shù)和熱源熱流集度的敏感度。單裂隙巖體三維水流-傳熱半解析計(jì)算方法與解析法得到的結(jié)果基本一致,但由于半解析計(jì)算方法考慮了巖石的三維熱傳導(dǎo),計(jì)算所得裂隙水上游溫度相對較低,下游溫度相對較高；在裂隙水的流動傳熱作用下,分布熱源對裂隙水溫度和巖石溫度的影響在裂隙水流的下游區(qū)域比較顯著。 (2)稀疏裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱模型中溫度場的半解析計(jì)算方法和算例分析：提出了由分布熱源、飽和稀疏裂隙和巖石構(gòu)成的簡化模型,建立了稀疏裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱問題中溫度場的半解析計(jì)算方法,編寫了相應(yīng)的計(jì)算程序,并通過三個(gè)算例分析了不同條件下飽和稀疏裂隙巖體受分布熱源作用影響的三維水流-傳熱特征。結(jié)果表明,裂隙幾何分布對稀疏裂隙巖體中的溫度分布和演變具有重要影響；在無內(nèi)熱源的單裂隙巖體模型中,裂隙附近巖石的熱傳導(dǎo)可由沿裂隙法向的一維熱擴(kuò)散方程來近似；在多裂隙巖體模型中,當(dāng)受其它裂隙或熱源的影響很小時(shí),裂隙附近巖石中沿裂隙法向的一維熱傳導(dǎo)在傳熱過程中起主導(dǎo)作用。 (3)單裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱模型中熱應(yīng)力和位移的半解析計(jì)算方法和算例分析：針對單裂隙巖體三維水流-傳熱簡化模型,建立了巖石的熱彈性控制微分方程,根據(jù)Goodier提出的熱彈性位移勢法,將模型的熱應(yīng)力和位移分成兩部分：由溫度場變化引起的特解(溫變應(yīng)力和位移)和為滿足邊界條件得到的通解(約束應(yīng)力和位移),并分別建立了相應(yīng)的半解析計(jì)算方法。編制了計(jì)算程序,與僅考慮巖石沿裂隙面法向一維熱傳導(dǎo)的解析解做了對比,并研究了熱應(yīng)力與位移的分布特征。半解析解與解析解基本吻合,但半解析法考慮了巖石的三維熱傳導(dǎo),因此兩者的溫度分布存在微小差異,熱應(yīng)力分布也存在微小差異；在距離分布熱源較近的區(qū)域,巖石受熱膨脹作用明顯而產(chǎn)生較大的壓應(yīng)力,而離分布熱源較遠(yuǎn)的區(qū)域,巖石需要滿足變形協(xié)調(diào)條件,因此會產(chǎn)生拉應(yīng)力。 (4)稀疏裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱模型中溫變應(yīng)力和位移的半解析計(jì)算方法和算例分析：建立了稀疏裂隙巖體三維水流-傳熱簡化模型中溫變應(yīng)力的半解析計(jì)算方法,并編制了計(jì)算程序,分析了不同條件下飽和稀疏裂隙巖體受熱源作用影響下的熱應(yīng)力分布特征。結(jié)果表明,裂隙網(wǎng)幾何特征和熱源分布是影響熱應(yīng)力分布的重要因素；分布熱源在裂隙的垂直投影位置處裂隙面上的法向主應(yīng)力出現(xiàn)峰值。 (5)核廢料處置庫近場裂隙巖體水-熱-力半解析計(jì)算分析：利用上述稀疏裂隙巖體三維飽和水流-傳熱作用下溫度和熱應(yīng)力的半解析計(jì)算程序,計(jì)算分析了核廢物處置庫近場裂隙巖體的溫度、熱應(yīng)力和位移分布特征,研究了裂隙水流速和分布熱源間距對溫度、熱應(yīng)力和位移的影響。結(jié)果表明,在分布熱源的影響下,處置庫近場巖石中的溫度、熱應(yīng)力和位移在前期急劇上升并達(dá)到峰值,之后,由于熱源熱流強(qiáng)度的降低,近場巖石中的溫度、熱應(yīng)力和位移緩慢下降；裂隙水的流動傳熱作用將處置庫近場巖石的熱量向下游傳遞,從而降低了近場巖石的溫度,減小了近場巖石中的熱應(yīng)力和位移,裂隙水流速越快,對近場巖石中溫度、熱應(yīng)力和位移的影響越明顯；熱源間距越小時(shí),處置庫近場溫度和裂隙-巖石交界面上法向主應(yīng)力及法向位移值越高；當(dāng)熱源間距小于一定值時(shí),不同熱源間傳熱作用的疊加將使處置庫近場的溫度和裂隙-巖石交界面上法向主應(yīng)力和位移峰值急劇增大。
[Abstract]:The deep underground disposal of high radioactive nuclear waste, the exploitation of petroleum and natural gas and other mineral resources, and the development of geothermal energy are all related to the multi field coupling problems of water, heat, force and chemistry in fractured rock mass. The semi solution of temperature field and stress field in the three dimensional flow and heat transfer process of saturated sparsely fractured rock mass is studied in this paper. This method is used to analyze the temperature and thermal stress distribution characteristics of the near field fractured rock mass in the geological disposal repository of high radioactive waste. The main research contents and results include:
(1) a semi analytical method for calculating the temperature field in a three-dimensional saturated flow and heat transfer model of a single fractured rock mass and analysis of the influence factors: a simplified three-dimensional flow and heat transfer model consisting of a distributed source, a saturated single fissure and an infinite rock on both sides is proposed, and a semi analytical calculation of the temperature field of the three dimensional saturation of a single fractured rock mass and the flow and heat transfer in a single fractured rock mass is established. The corresponding calculation program is written and compared with the analytical solution of the one dimensional heat conduction with only the rock along the crack surface method. The three-dimensional seepage and heat transfer characteristics of the saturated single fractured rock mass and the sensitivity to the flow velocity of the fractured water, the number of the rock heat conduction system and the heat flow set of the heat source are calculated and analyzed. The results of the three-dimensional flow and heat transfer semi analytical calculation are basically the same as those obtained by the analytical method. However, because of the three-dimensional heat conduction of the rock, the upper reaches of the fractured water are relatively low and the downstream temperature is relatively high because of the semi analytical calculation. The effect is more significant in the downstream area of fissure flow.
(2) a semi analytical calculation method and an example of the temperature field in the three-dimensional saturated flow and heat transfer model of a sparsely fractured rock mass: a simplified model composed of distributed heat source, saturated sparse fissure and rock is proposed. A semi analytical calculation method for the temperature field of three-dimensional saturated flow and heat transfer in a sparse fractured rock mass is established, and the corresponding calculation is written. The three-dimensional flow and heat transfer characteristics of the saturated sparsely fractured rock mass affected by distributed heat sources under different conditions are analyzed by three examples. The results show that the geometric distribution of the fissure has an important influence on the temperature distribution and evolution in the sparsely fractured rock mass; in the single fissure rock mass model without internal heat source, the heat of rock near the fissure is hot. The conduction can be approximated by the one-dimensional thermal diffusion equation along the fracture method. In the multi fractured rock mass model, the one dimensional heat conduction along the fracture method in the rock near the fissure plays the leading role in the heat transfer process when the influence of other cracks or heat sources is very small.
(3) a semi analytical method and example analysis of thermal stress and displacement in a three-dimensional saturated flow and heat transfer model of a single fractured rock mass: a differential equation of thermoelastic control for a rock is established for a simplified three-dimensional flow and heat transfer model of a single fractured rock mass. The thermal stress and displacement of the model are divided into two parts according to the thermo elastic displacement potential method proposed by Goodier. The special solution (the temperature variation stress and displacement) caused by the change of temperature field and the general solution (constrained stress and displacement) obtained to satisfy the boundary conditions, and the corresponding semi analytical calculation method is established respectively. The calculation program is compiled, which is compared with the analytical solution that only considers the rock along the fracture surface to the one-dimensional heat conduction, and studies the thermal stress and the position. The semi analytic solution basically coincides with the analytical solution, but the semi analytical method considers the three-dimensional heat conduction of the rock, so there is a small difference in the temperature distribution and the distribution of the thermal stress. In the far area of the heat source, the rock needs to meet the deformation coordination condition, so the tensile stress will be generated.
(4) a semi analytical calculation method and example analysis of the temperature variable stress and displacement in the three-dimensional saturated flow and heat transfer model of a sparsely fractured rock mass: a semi analytical calculation method for the temperature variable stress in the simplified three-dimensional flow and heat transfer model of a sparse fractured rock mass is established, and a calculation program is developed to analyze the heat source of the saturated sparsely fractured rock mass under different conditions. The results show that the geometric characteristics of the fractured network and the distribution of the heat source are the important factors affecting the distribution of thermal stress, and the normal stress of the distributed heat source has a peak stress on the crack surface at the vertical projection position of the fissure.
(5) semi analytical calculation and analysis of water thermal force in the near field fractured rock mass of nuclear waste disposal reservoir: the temperature, thermal stress and displacement distribution characteristics of the near field fissure rock mass in the nuclear waste disposal reservoir are calculated and analyzed by the semi analytical calculation program of the three-dimensional saturated flow and heat transfer in the sparse fractured rock mass, and the flow velocity of the fissure water is studied. The results show that the temperature, thermal stress and displacement in the near field rock of the repository rise sharply and reach the peak in the early stage under the influence of distributed heat source, and then the temperature, thermal stress and displacement in the rocks in the near field decrease slowly because of the heat flow intensity of the heat source. The heat transfer of the near field rock is transferred to the downstream of the near field rock, thus reducing the temperature of the near field rock, reducing the thermal stress and displacement in the near field rock, the faster the velocity of the crack flow, the more obvious the influence on the temperature, the thermal stress and the displacement in the near field rock; the nearer the heat source space, the near-field temperature of the repository and the fissure rock. The higher the normal stress and the normal displacement on the interface, the superposition of the heat transfer between the different heat sources will increase the temperature of the near field and the peak stress and the peak displacement at the fissure rock interface when the distance of the heat source is less than a certain value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU452

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