發(fā)布時間：2018-04-16 04:04

  本文選題：綠色建筑 + 增量成本　； 參考：《蘭州交通大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：全球環(huán)境、資源問題日益嚴重，，這類問題不能以國家為分界線，全球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是一個整體。工業(yè)革命時期，在經(jīng)濟利益的誘導下，一些發(fā)達的資本主義國家在大力發(fā)展工業(yè)的同時忽略了對環(huán)境的影響，當這些國家意識到對環(huán)境的危害性時開始修補造成的破壞。我國在發(fā)展經(jīng)濟的時候決不能重蹈覆轍，走先污染后治理的路，因此保護環(huán)境、節(jié)約資源以及走可持續(xù)發(fā)展道路勢在必行。建筑業(yè)的發(fā)展對環(huán)境影響非常嚴重，綠色建筑以低能耗、低污染的鮮明特點受到了大眾的關注，我國人均資源短缺，在我國推行綠色建筑具有重大的意義。綠色建筑相對普通建筑初始投資較多，由于投資者沒有看到綠色建筑帶來的后期收益，影響了投資者的積極性，這將阻礙綠色建筑的推廣和實施，本文將利用相關理論和評價體系，通過實際案例，分析論證綠色建筑帶來的效益。 本文由六部分內容組成，第一部分，介紹論文的研究背景、國內外綠色建筑發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、評價研究現(xiàn)狀；第二部分，闡述了綠色建筑含義以及全壽命周期的相關理論；第三部分，構建綠色建筑全壽命周期模型；第四部分，灰色聚類評價體系的建立和評價指標的選取；第五部分，對某大廈進行了實證分析；最后一部分對結論的分析和總結。論文具體框架如下： 首先，介紹了綠色建筑的含義和建筑設計特點，根據(jù)全壽命周期成本理論，對建筑全壽命周期成本分解。再引入增量成本和增量效益的概念，將綠色建筑增量成本再分為前期增量成本和建造增量成本，將建造增量成本從“節(jié)能、節(jié)地、節(jié)材、節(jié)水、室內、運營”方面分析；將綠色建筑的增量效益分解為直接效益和間接效益，直接效益為四節(jié)帶來的經(jīng)濟效益，間接效益包括社會效益和環(huán)境效益，接著對效益進行量化。 再次,根據(jù)工程經(jīng)濟學原理選取評價指標，構建綠色建筑全壽命周期評價模型,對項目的增量成本和增量效益進行測算，利用層次分析法確定指標權重，運用基于三角白化權函數(shù)的灰色聚類方法,對綠色建筑項目進行經(jīng)濟性和綠色技術綜合評判。 最后，將這套評價方法應用于實際案例，對案例的增量成本和增量效益細致分析，明確各種技術的收益情況，并對項目的綠色建筑等級也進行了評估。本文為綠色建筑全壽命周期評估提供了科學合理的參考依據(jù)，使大眾對綠色建筑有了全面深入的理解，為政府制定相關政策也提供了理論依據(jù)，對綠色建筑的發(fā)展有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。
[Abstract]:Global environment, resource problem is becoming more and more serious, this kind of problem cannot take the country as the dividing line, the global ecosystem is a whole.During the Industrial Revolution, under the guidance of economic interests, some developed capitalist countries, while vigorously developing industry, ignored the impact on the environment. When these countries realized the harm to the environment, they began to repair the damage caused.Our country must not repeat the same mistake when developing economy, take the road of pollution first and then control, so it is imperative to protect the environment, save resources and take the road of sustainable development.The development of the construction industry has a very serious impact on the environment. The green building has attracted the attention of the public because of its distinctive characteristics of low energy consumption and low pollution. It is of great significance to carry out the green building in our country because of the shortage of per capita resources in our country.The initial investment of green buildings is more than that of ordinary buildings. Since investors do not see the late income brought by green buildings, it affects the enthusiasm of investors, which will hinder the promotion and implementation of green buildings.This article will use the related theory and the appraisal system, through the actual case, analyzes and proves the green building brings the benefit.This paper consists of six parts, the first part, introduces the research background, the development of green buildings at home and abroad, the status quo of evaluation research; the second part, elaborated the meaning of green building and the related theory of life cycle; the third part,Build the green building life cycle model; the fourth part, the establishment of the grey cluster evaluation system and the selection of evaluation indicators; the fifth part, an empirical analysis of a building; the last part of the conclusion of the analysis and summary.The specific framework of the paper is as follows:Firstly, the meaning of green building and the characteristics of architectural design are introduced. According to the theory of life-cycle cost, the life-cycle cost of building is decomposed.Introducing the concepts of incremental cost and incremental benefit, the incremental cost of green building is subdivided into pre-incremental cost and incremental cost of construction, and the incremental cost of construction is analyzed from the aspects of "energy saving, land saving, material saving, water saving, indoor operation and operation".The incremental benefit of green building is divided into direct benefit and indirect benefit, and direct benefit is the economic benefit brought by four sections. Indirect benefit includes social benefit and environmental benefit, and then the benefit is quantified.Thirdly, according to the principle of engineering economics, select the evaluation index, construct the green building life cycle evaluation model, calculate the incremental cost and benefit of the project, and use AHP to determine the index weight.Based on the grey clustering method of triangular whitening weight function, the economic and green technology of green building projects are evaluated.Finally, the evaluation method is applied to practical cases, the incremental cost and benefit of the case are analyzed carefully, the benefits of various technologies are clarified, and the green building grade of the project is also evaluated.This paper provides a scientific and reasonable reference for the assessment of the whole life cycle of green buildings, makes the public have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of green buildings, and provides a theoretical basis for the government to formulate relevant policies.It has important practical significance to the development of green building.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU201.5

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