本文選題：商場(chǎng)建筑 + 建筑節(jié)能　； 參考：《華北水利水電大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速迅猛發(fā)展,我國公共建筑數(shù)量越來越多,用能水平也越來越高,改善公共建筑的高能耗問題已逐漸受到社會(huì)各界的廣泛關(guān)注。商場(chǎng)建筑由于對(duì)舒適性的要求較高,照明與設(shè)備負(fù)荷大,全年供冷時(shí)間長(zhǎng)等特點(diǎn),其單位面積能耗指標(biāo)通常比其他類型建筑高。及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)商場(chǎng)建筑的用能漏洞,找尋最可靠的節(jié)能措施,對(duì)解決商場(chǎng)現(xiàn)存的能耗問題至關(guān)重要。本文通過對(duì)深圳地區(qū)商場(chǎng)的調(diào)研結(jié)合eQUEST軟件模擬,對(duì)商場(chǎng)的能耗進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)分析,為最大限度發(fā)掘節(jié)能潛力,合理確定用能標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。本文首先對(duì)深圳地區(qū)六棟商場(chǎng)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)研,包括建筑基本信息、用能特點(diǎn)等,調(diào)研樣本的能耗指標(biāo)在130.1~358.9 kWh/(m~2·a)之間,用能差異較大,照明與空調(diào)系統(tǒng)能耗占比最大,主要存在空調(diào)系統(tǒng)全年人工控制,空調(diào)設(shè)備定流量工頻運(yùn)行,冷凍水供回水溫差小及照明設(shè)備功率密度大等問題,說明深圳地區(qū)商場(chǎng)建筑存在很大節(jié)能空間。為深入分析空調(diào)系統(tǒng)的節(jié)能潛力,采用eQUEST模擬軟件建立一棟典型商場(chǎng)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)模型,以該模型為基礎(chǔ),定量分析圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)部負(fù)荷、空調(diào)系統(tǒng)能效等各因素對(duì)空調(diào)能耗的影響,依據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)算法對(duì)各因素進(jìn)行顯著性分析并確定各個(gè)因素的主次,從能耗影響因子的分析結(jié)果來看,圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)傳熱系數(shù)對(duì)空調(diào)能耗的影響較小,外窗遮陽系數(shù)及窗墻比對(duì)建筑能耗的影響較顯著,內(nèi)部負(fù)荷及空調(diào)能效影響因素對(duì)建筑能耗的影響也比較明顯,根據(jù)分析結(jié)果提出了相應(yīng)的節(jié)能運(yùn)行策略。對(duì)一棟典型商場(chǎng)案例進(jìn)行分析,該商場(chǎng)改造前能耗指標(biāo)為263.08 kWh/(m~2·a),對(duì)照明及空調(diào)系統(tǒng)改造后全年共可實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能量110萬kWh左右,節(jié)能效果比較明顯。利用eQUEST能耗模擬軟件對(duì)該商場(chǎng)改造前后的能耗進(jìn)行模擬,從模擬結(jié)果來看,照明能耗與模擬值誤差較小,空調(diào)能耗與模擬值差異略大,但是在節(jié)能方案選擇初期通過軟件模擬方式確定建筑節(jié)能量仍然是可行的。通過本文的分析可以為深圳市商場(chǎng)建筑的節(jié)能改造及定額的制定提供一定的參考價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the number of public buildings in our country is more and more, and the level of energy use is becoming higher and higher. The problem of improving the high energy consumption of public buildings has been paid more and more attention by all walks of life.The energy consumption per unit area of market buildings is usually higher than that of other types of buildings because of its high requirements for comfort, heavy lighting and equipment loads and long cooling time throughout the year.It is very important to find the most reliable energy saving measures to solve the problem of energy consumption.Based on the investigation of shopping malls in Shenzhen area and the simulation of eQUEST software, this paper forecasts and analyzes the energy consumption of shopping malls, which provides a certain theoretical basis for maximizing the potential of energy saving and rationally determining the standard of energy use.In this paper, first of all, six shopping malls in Shenzhen are investigated on the spot, including the basic building information, the characteristics of energy use and so on. The energy consumption index of the investigated sample is between 130.1 and 358.9 kWh/(m~2 a. There is a great difference in energy use and the proportion of energy consumption between lighting and air conditioning system is the largest.There are many problems such as manual control of air conditioning system throughout the year, constant flow of air conditioning equipment running at power frequency, small temperature difference between cold water supply and backwater supply and large power density of lighting equipment, which indicates that there is a great energy saving space in the building of shopping mall in Shenzhen area.In order to analyze the energy saving potential of air conditioning system, a standard model of a typical shopping mall is established by using eQUEST simulation software. Based on the model, the influence of various factors, such as envelope structure, internal load and energy efficiency of air conditioning system, on air conditioning energy consumption is quantitatively analyzed.According to the statistical algorithm, the significance of each factor is analyzed and the primary and secondary factors are determined. From the results of the analysis of the factors affecting energy consumption, the heat transfer coefficient of the envelope structure has little effect on the energy consumption of air conditioning.The influence of exterior window shade coefficient and window wall ratio on building energy consumption is significant, and the influence of internal load and air conditioning energy efficiency on building energy consumption is also obvious. According to the analysis results, the corresponding energy saving operation strategy is put forward.The energy consumption index of a typical shopping mall is 263.08 kWh/(m~2 / a. The energy saving of lighting and air conditioning system is about 1.1 million kWh in the whole year, and the energy saving effect is obvious.The energy consumption before and after the renovation of the shopping mall is simulated by using the eQUEST energy consumption simulation software. From the simulation results, the error between the lighting energy consumption and the simulated value is small, and the difference between the air conditioning energy consumption and the simulation value is slightly larger.However, it is still feasible to determine building energy saving by software simulation in the early stage of energy saving scheme selection.The analysis of this paper can provide some reference value for energy saving renovation and quota formulation of shopping malls in Shenzhen.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北水利水電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TU247;TU111.195

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