本文選題：營造法式　切入點(diǎn)：宋代木樓閣式建筑　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國在宋遼金時(shí)期呈現(xiàn)了南北分裂的政治局面，但富庶的江南地區(qū)在提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí)，建筑也呈現(xiàn)欣欣向榮的態(tài)勢，北部地區(qū)也通過吸收南方漢族地區(qū)先進(jìn)的文化和技術(shù)，緊跟步伐。開放的街坊制城市格局、多樣的建筑類型、不斷發(fā)展的建筑技術(shù)和地域性的建筑風(fēng)貌使宋代城市與建筑成為古代建筑史上重要的一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。各朝各代的大型樓閣式建筑成為文人墨客頌揚(yáng)與描繪的主要對象。然而，現(xiàn)存的著名樓閣為后人仿建或者依照其他朝代的形制，與原建筑大為不同。 在我國建筑歷史研究領(lǐng)域內(nèi)，關(guān)于宋代木樓閣式建筑的整體脈絡(luò)和相關(guān)聯(lián)的尺寸邏輯、用材用尺等的研究尚沒有形成一個(gè)完整的清晰的系統(tǒng)，往往是將其與明清樓閣建筑進(jìn)行縱向比較，而將宋代木樓閣建筑作為一個(gè)單獨(dú)的建筑門類進(jìn)行橫向比較，探尋其內(nèi)在的邏輯與聯(lián)系的研究是缺乏的。筆者將宋代木樓閣建筑作為研究對象，以實(shí)例調(diào)研、文獻(xiàn)研究、資料整理與歸納分析等方式，研究木構(gòu)樓閣建筑的構(gòu)造做法，尤其是以大木作為主要研究對象，探究其內(nèi)在的邏輯與聯(lián)系，以此作為筆者山東齊河中華奇觀園宋式樓閣建筑復(fù)原設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)。 雖然我國現(xiàn)存的宋遼金三代木樓閣式建筑實(shí)例少，但由于我國建筑歷史研究領(lǐng)域與本課題類似方向的研究十分豐富，為本研究奠定了深厚的文獻(xiàn)基礎(chǔ)。筆者將基于對宋《營造法式》大木作制度的研究，拓展實(shí)例調(diào)研對象的年限，分析天津薊縣獨(dú)樂寺觀音閣、河北正定縣隆興寺轉(zhuǎn)輪藏殿和慈氏閣等木樓閣式建筑，查閱宋代建筑的營造法式、描繪宋式木樓閣建筑的畫作、宋遼金建筑營造和地域文化與環(huán)境對建筑影響的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料，以前人的研究成果為先導(dǎo)，通過對比、歸納和梳理的方式探究宋代木樓閣式建筑在用尺和用材方面可能存在的內(nèi)在邏輯，歸納宋時(shí)匠人遵循的營造規(guī)律。同時(shí)，筆者以理論研究為基礎(chǔ)，借鑒前人復(fù)原仿古的設(shè)計(jì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，，遵循宋式木樓閣建筑營造的模數(shù)制度和用尺用材方式，進(jìn)行山東齊河中華奇觀園宋式樓閣建筑的復(fù)原設(shè)計(jì)，加深對我國瑰麗獨(dú)特的傳統(tǒng)木構(gòu)建筑與源遠(yuǎn)流長的建筑文化認(rèn)知與感悟。
[Abstract]:During the Song, Liao and Jin dynasties, China presented a divided political situation between the north and the south. However, while the rich southern region of the Yangtze River improved its economic development, the architecture also showed a thriving trend. The northern region also absorbed the advanced culture and technology of the Han nationality region in the south.Keep pace.The city and architecture of the Song Dynasty became an important turning point in the history of ancient architecture because of the open neighborhood city pattern, various architectural types, continuous development of architectural technology and regional architectural style.The large-scale pavilions of various dynasties became the main objects of praise and depiction by the literati.However, the existing famous pavilions are imitated or built according to the shape of other dynasties, which are quite different from the original buildings.In the field of architectural history research in China, the research on the whole context and the related dimension logic of the wooden pavilions in the Song Dynasty has not yet formed a complete and clear system.It is often compared vertically with the buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties, but it is lacking to compare the wooden buildings of the Song Dynasty as a separate architectural category, and to explore its internal logic and connection.The author takes the wooden pavilions in Song Dynasty as the research object, and studies the construction methods of the wooden pavilions, especially the large wood buildings, by means of case study, literature study, data arrangement and induction analysis, etc.To explore its internal logic and connection, as the author of Shandong Qihe Chinese Wonder Garden Song style architectural restoration design foundation.Although there are few examples of wooden pavilions in the three generations of Song, Liao and Jin dynasties in our country, the research on architectural history in our country is very rich in the same direction as this subject, which has laid a solid foundation for this study.Based on the study of the Song Dynasty "creating French style" big wood cropping system, the author will expand the years of the investigation object, and analyze the wooden pavilions such as Guanyin Pavilion of Dule Temple in Jixian County, Hebei Province, Longxing Temple Runwheel Tibetan Hall and Cishi Pavilion in Zhengding County, Hebei Province.Referring to the building style of the Song Dynasty, depicting the paintings of the Song style wooden pavilions, and the relevant literature about the architectural construction of the Song, Liao and Jin dynasties and the influence of the regional culture and the environment on the architecture, the previous research results are the forerunner and through comparison,The way of induction and combing is to probe into the internal logic of the wooden pavilions in the Song Dynasty in the aspects of using the ruler and the material, and to sum up the rules of construction followed by the craftsmen in the Song Dynasty.At the same time, on the basis of theoretical research, the author draws lessons from the previous design experience of restoring ancient buildings, following the modular system of Song style wooden pavilions and the way of using materials with ruler, to carry out the restoration design of Song style pavilions of Qihe Chinese Wonder Garden in Shandong Province.Deepen our country's magnificent and unique traditional wooden architecture and a long history of architectural culture cognition and understanding.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU-87

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