本文選題：桁架拱　切入點：帶支撐實腹式拱　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目前鋼管桁架拱和實腹式鋼拱已經(jīng)在大跨度工程中有比較廣泛的應(yīng)用。人們對它們的平面外穩(wěn)定理論研究甚少，平面外穩(wěn)定設(shè)計方法尚未完全建立。本文全面系統(tǒng)的研究了桁架拱和帶支撐實腹式拱的平面外彈性屈曲和彈塑性穩(wěn)定理論，建立了兩者的平面外穩(wěn)定承載力設(shè)計方法。 由于鋼管桁架拱的格構(gòu)式截面特性，其平面外穩(wěn)定性能相比實腹式拱更加復(fù)雜。本文首先分析了格構(gòu)式截面剪切變形對桁架拱平面外變形的影響，在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了純壓、純彎桁架拱的平面外彈性屈曲荷載計算公式；其次采用大撓度彈塑性有限元方法，通過引入桁架拱的純壓正則化長細比和純彎正則化長細比，，分別建立了純壓和純彎桁架拱的平面外彈塑性穩(wěn)定設(shè)計方法；研究了桿件的變形對桁架拱平面外相關(guān)穩(wěn)定性能的影響，并通過兩個相關(guān)系數(shù)將該影響體現(xiàn)在穩(wěn)定承載力設(shè)計方程中。依據(jù)有限元數(shù)值計算結(jié)果，提出了常見荷載工況下桁架拱的軸力和彎矩穩(wěn)定承載力相關(guān)方程，可用于矩形截面和倒三角截面桁架拱平面外彈塑性穩(wěn)定設(shè)計。 采用能量法研究了帶支撐拱的平面外彈性和彈塑性受力特點，參考帶支撐柱的穩(wěn)定理論，得到了帶支撐拱的彈性和彈塑性門檻剛度理論解及近似解；建立了拱腳為彈性支承時，鋼拱的平面外彈性屈曲荷載計算公式，在此基礎(chǔ)上得到了支撐沿拱軸線非均勻分布時，相鄰拱段間的相互約束作用和支撐間拱段的平面外穩(wěn)定性能；研究了不同初始幾何缺陷分布模式對帶支撐拱平面外穩(wěn)定承載力的影響，并獲得了對應(yīng)于最低穩(wěn)定承載力的最不利初始幾何缺陷；最終提出了帶支撐鋼拱的平面外穩(wěn)定設(shè)計理論和支撐布置方法。 根據(jù)鋼拱的平面外失穩(wěn)變形特點，提出了一套專門用于研究鋼拱平面外穩(wěn)定性能試驗的加載裝置。進行了9根實腹式截面鋼拱的平面外穩(wěn)定試驗，研究了拱腳條件、截面類型、矢跨比、長細比、初始幾何缺陷以及加載方式等多個因素對鋼拱平面外彈塑性穩(wěn)定承載力的影響，并采用有限元方法對以上結(jié)論進行了驗證。為拱形結(jié)構(gòu)平面外穩(wěn)定承載力設(shè)計方法的建立提供了試驗依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:At present, steel tube truss arch and solid web steel arch have been widely used in long span engineering. The design method of out-of-plane stability has not been completely established. In this paper, the theory of out-of-plane elastic buckling and elastic-plastic stability of truss arch and arch with braced solid web are studied systematically, and the design methods of out-of-plane stability bearing capacity are established. Due to the lattice section characteristics of steel pipe truss arch, the stability of the steel tube truss arch is more complex than that of the real web arch. In this paper, the influence of shear deformation of the lattice section on the deformation of the truss arch outside the plane is analyzed, and the pure pressure is established on the basis of the analysis of the effect of shear deformation on the external deformation of the truss arch. The calculation formula of out-of-plane elastic buckling load of pure curved truss arch is given. Secondly, the large deflection elastic-plastic finite element method is used to introduce the pure compression regularization slenderness ratio and the pure bending regularized slenderness ratio of truss arch. The design methods of elastoplastic stability of pure compression arch and pure bending truss arch are established respectively, and the influence of the deformation of the member on the external correlation stability of truss arch is studied. The influence is reflected in the design equation of stable bearing capacity through two correlation coefficients. Based on the results of finite element numerical calculation, the equations of axial force and bending moment stability bearing capacity of truss arch under common load conditions are proposed. It can be used in the elastoplastic stability design of rectangular section and inverted triangle section truss arch. The external elastic and elastic-plastic stress characteristics of braced arch are studied by energy method. The elastic and elastic-plastic threshold stiffness theoretical solution and approximate solution of braced arch are obtained by referring to the stability theory of braced column. The calculation formula of external elastic buckling load of steel arch is established when the arch foot is elastic support. On this basis, the mutual restraint action between adjacent arch segments and the out-of-plane stability performance of arch segment between supports are obtained when the support is distributed inhomogeneously along the arch axis. The influence of different initial geometric defect distribution modes on the external stability bearing capacity of arch with braced arch is studied, and the most unfavorable initial geometric defect corresponding to the lowest stable bearing capacity is obtained. Finally, the design theory of external stability of steel arch with bracing and the method of bracing arrangement are put forward. According to the characteristics of out-of-plane buckling deformation of steel arch, a set of loading device is put forward to study the out-of-plane stability performance test of steel arch. The out-of-plane stability test of 9 steel arch with solid web section is carried out, and the condition of arch foot is studied. The effects of cross section type, aspect ratio, aspect ratio, initial geometric defect and loading mode on the elastoplastic stability capacity of steel arch outside the plane, The conclusion is verified by finite element method, which provides the experimental basis for the design method of out-of-plane stability bearing capacity of arch structure.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU391;TU311.2

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