本文關(guān)鍵詞： 道教宮觀 環(huán)境 空間布局 保護(hù) 園林　出處：《北京林業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：成都因其靈山秀水和深厚獨特的文化底蘊,成為道教重要發(fā)源地之一,自張道陵創(chuàng)教于大邑鶴鳴山、闡教于青城洞天、老子化身說法于青羊肆,道教由此走上了中國歷史舞臺,成為發(fā)源于中國本土唯一的宗教。在巴蜀文化和道教文化的相互影響下,成都道教宮觀鐘天地之毓秀,蒙道教之神奇,生動、形象地詮釋了道教思想和道教文化,其獨特的魅力使成都道教宮觀文化成為巴蜀文化的重要組成部分。就目前而言,對成都道教和道教宮觀的研究大多集中在發(fā)展史、教理、教義、宗教文化等方面,涉及道教宮觀建筑構(gòu)造、空間布局、園林環(huán)境的相關(guān)性研究非常匱乏。因此,本文以成都代表性道教宮觀園林環(huán)境為切入點,研究成都道教宮觀的起源與發(fā)展、歷史沿革、空間分布、選址特點、空間布局、建筑形制、建筑裝飾特色、園林以及道教宮觀的保護(hù)和利用,有益于弘揚道教文化,更好的保護(hù)和利用道教宮觀,希望對成都道教宮觀的保護(hù)和利用提供有益的參考價值。 作者利用現(xiàn)場實地測繪、攝影、實地訪談等重點調(diào)查和典型調(diào)查相結(jié)合的研究方法,通過查閱大量歷史文獻(xiàn)資料,對成都具有代表性的七處道教宮觀進(jìn)行了重點分析調(diào)研,獲得了非常重要的第一手資料,得出如下研究結(jié)果：歷史上,成都道教宮觀具有非常深厚的社會基礎(chǔ),比其他地區(qū)的道教更偏世俗性和地域性特點,是與其他地區(qū)道教宮觀的差異所在；成都道教宮觀在選址、空間布局上具有“依形造物、因地制宜”的特點；成都道教宮觀在建筑形制、建筑構(gòu)造、體量大小、建筑藝術(shù)、裝飾效果以及園林環(huán)境等諸多方面都注入了道教的審美思想和價值觀念,在強(qiáng)調(diào)建筑功能分區(qū)上突出鮮明的地域文化特征；道教宮觀建筑群在空間布局上靈活自由,充分體現(xiàn)了“天宮瓊宇”的宗教藝術(shù)特征；成都道教宮觀在園林設(shè)計上追求“師法自然、天人合一”的造園理念,營造出清凈通幽的宗教園林環(huán)境,與道教“清靜無為”、“天人合一”的思想內(nèi)涵相吻合。從歷史文化遺產(chǎn)角度分析,成都道教宮觀承載了人類生態(tài)智慧及道教哲學(xué)思想,在人類發(fā)展及生存過程中起到了不可低估的引導(dǎo)作用；因此,加強(qiáng)對成都道教宮觀的保護(hù)和利用,對延續(xù)成都?xì)v史文脈,豐富成都?xì)v史文化名城內(nèi)涵和城市形象,具有非常深遠(yuǎn)的現(xiàn)實意義,這也是本次研究工作的價值所在。
[Abstract]:Chengdu Lingshan silk and profound because of its unique cultural heritage, has become one of the important birthplace of Taoism, from a Zhang Ling Road to teach in Dayi to teach the crane Ming Shan, Qingcheng cave, Lao Tzu incarnation in Qingyang saying wantonly, Taoism China thus embarked on the stage of history, become the only China soil originated from religion. In the mutual influence of Sichuan culture and Taoism culture, Taoism in Chengdu Yu Xiu bell of heaven and earth, Meng Taoist magic, vivid, vividly interpreted the ideology of Taoism and Taoist culture, the unique charm of Chengdu Taoist culture has become an important part of Bashu culture. At present, the study of Chengdu Taoism and Taoist temple mostly in the history, teachings, doctrines, religious culture, involving the Taoist temple architecture, space layout, is the lack of correlation between landscape environment. Therefore, this paper takes Chengdu representative of Taoist temple The concept of landscape environment as the starting point, study the origin and development of Taoism in Chengdu history, spatial distribution, location characteristics, space layout, architectural form, architectural features, landscape and Taoist temples protection and utilization, is beneficial to promote the culture of Taoism, better protection and utilization of the Taoist temple, hope and protection by providing a useful reference to the Chengdu Taoist temple.
The field of Surveying and mapping, photography, field interviews and other research methods focus on investigation and typical investigation combination, through access to a large number of historical documents, representative of the seven Taoist temples were the focus of investigation and Analysis on Chengdu, get a very important first-hand information, the research results are as follows: the history of Chengdu. The Taoist temple has very profound social foundation, more secular and regional characteristics than Taoism in other areas, which is different from the other Taoist temples in Chengdu; the Taoist temple in the location, spatial layout with "according to the form of creation, the characteristics of local"; Chengdu Taoist temple in architectural form, building structure, size, architecture, and many other aspects of decorative effect and garden environment into the Taoist aesthetic thoughts and values, to emphasize the construction of functional area to highlight the fresh The characteristics of regional culture in Ming Dynasty; Taoist buildings in the space layout flexible, fully embodies the characteristics of religious art palace Qiong Yu "; Chengdu Taoist temple in the landscape design on the pursuit of" the nature, the harmony between man and nature "landscape concept, create a clean quiet religious landscape environment, and Taoism" quietism "," harmony "thought connotation is consistent. From the analysis of historical and cultural heritage perspective, Taoism in Chengdu carrying the human ecological wisdom and philosophy of Taoism, in human development and survival in the process played a guiding role can not be underestimated; therefore, to strengthen the protection and utilization of Taoism in Chengdu Chengdu, a continuation of the historical context, the rich image connotation and historical and cultural city of Chengdu City, has very profound practical significance, which is the research value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU252

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本文編號：1551911