本文關(guān)鍵詞： 景觀評價 景觀資源評價 景觀視覺敏感度評價 美景度評價法 GIS　出處：《東北林業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：景觀評價理論和實踐研究起始于上個世紀60年代,隨著風(fēng)景園林學(xué)科的發(fā)展,景觀評價的研究范圍和應(yīng)用越來越廣泛,對于不同景觀類型、景觀規(guī)模甚至不同地區(qū)景觀都有了實踐和理論的研究。 本文通過提出景觀視覺質(zhì)量評價這一概念,整合了ASG綜合的景觀評價方法,建立了景觀視覺質(zhì)量評價理論框架,并通過對黑龍江省火山口國家森林公園景觀視覺質(zhì)量評價,檢驗了該方法的可行性與優(yōu)勢。 在概念上明確定義了景觀視覺質(zhì)量這一概念,將景觀中的視覺特性發(fā)揮出來,將使用者的感受融入到評價過程中,并根據(jù)這一特性確定評價方法建立評價框架。 評價方法上利用ASG綜合法,即綜合層次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)、美景度評價法(Scenic Beauty Estimation Method, SBE)、地理信息系統(tǒng)(GIS)評價法的各自的評價優(yōu)勢,利用AHP確立評價指標權(quán)重,利用SBE法用數(shù)據(jù)衡量了人們主觀的景觀感知,利用GIS軟件基于DEM數(shù)據(jù)進行景觀視覺敏感度評價分析,有層次有步驟的將景觀評價的主觀感知轉(zhuǎn)化為了客觀數(shù)據(jù)信息。綜合評價法的應(yīng)用使景觀視覺質(zhì)量評價更具實用性、可靠性。 評價框架中包含景觀資源質(zhì)量評價和景觀視覺敏感度評價,所得的結(jié)論可以應(yīng)用到景觀建設(shè)的各個時期,可為設(shè)計師、決策者以及景觀管理者使用；將公眾與專家共同作為評價主體,在評價過程中展現(xiàn)了專家的客觀、前瞻性的優(yōu)勢同時公眾感知增加了評價的感知成分。使景觀視覺質(zhì)量評價結(jié)論更合理客觀貼近實際。 本文在對火山口國家森林公園的評價實踐過程中,系統(tǒng)的評價了該公園的景觀資源、景觀資源美景度、景觀視覺質(zhì)量等指標,將公園劃分成景觀視覺質(zhì)量四個等級,提出管理目標和發(fā)展策略為：①增加新媒體宣傳,擴展多元化旅游人群；②提高景觀資源均好性,挖掘人文資源;③豐富旅游路線設(shè)計,多種游覽方式結(jié)合；④提高服務(wù)質(zhì)量,注重特色發(fā)展；⑤由觀賞變?yōu)閰⑴c,增加體驗活動；⑥了解現(xiàn)狀,分級保護,有序開發(fā)。
[Abstract]:The theory and practice of landscape evaluation began in -40s. With the development of landscape architecture, the research scope and application of landscape evaluation are more and more extensive. Landscape scale and even different regional landscape have been studied in practice and theory. This paper puts forward the concept of landscape visual quality evaluation, integrates the comprehensive landscape evaluation method of ASG, establishes the theoretical framework of landscape visual quality evaluation, and evaluates the landscape visual quality of crater National Forest Park in Heilongjiang Province. The feasibility and advantage of this method are tested. The concept of visual quality of landscape is clearly defined in concept, the visual characteristics in landscape are brought into play, the feelings of users are integrated into the evaluation process, and the evaluation framework is established according to this characteristic. In the evaluation method, the ASG synthetic method, that is, the Analytic Hierarchy process AHP method, the Beautiful degree Evaluation method, the scene Beauty Estimation method, the Geographic Information system (GIS) evaluation method, are used to determine the evaluation index weight, and the AHP is used to determine the weight of the evaluation index. SBE method is used to measure people's subjective landscape perception, and GIS software is used to evaluate the visual sensitivity of landscape based on DEM data. The subjective perception of landscape evaluation is transformed into objective data information step by step. The application of comprehensive evaluation method makes landscape visual quality evaluation more practical and reliable. The evaluation framework includes landscape resource quality evaluation and landscape visual sensitivity evaluation. The conclusions can be applied to every stage of landscape construction and can be used by designers, decision makers and landscape managers. Taking the public and the experts as the main body of evaluation, the objective and forward-looking advantages of the experts are shown in the evaluation process, and the public perception increases the perceptual components of the evaluation, which makes the conclusions of the evaluation of landscape visual quality more reasonable and realistic. In the course of evaluation practice of crater National Forest Park, this paper systematically evaluates the landscape resources, the beauty degree of landscape resources and the visual quality of the park, and divides the park into four levels of landscape visual quality. The management objectives and development strategies are as follows: increasing new media publicity, expanding diversified tourism population and improving landscape resources, mining human resources and enriching the design of tourism routes, and improving the service quality by combining various tourist modes with four kinds of tourism methods, including: (1) increasing new media publicity, (2) expanding the diversity of tourism population and improving the quality of landscape resources. Focus on the development of features from viewing to participation, increase experience activities to understand the status quo, grading protection, orderly development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TU986

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