本文關(guān)鍵詞： 西安 城市擴(kuò)展 動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè) 驅(qū)動(dòng)力 遙感　出處：《長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在城市擴(kuò)展這個(gè)復(fù)雜的時(shí)空轉(zhuǎn)換過(guò)程中，會(huì)有多種利用類型的土地逐漸的轉(zhuǎn)化為城市建設(shè)用地，，最終導(dǎo)致城市規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大。城市建設(shè)用地的不斷擴(kuò)大會(huì)對(duì)城市的建設(shè)發(fā)展有影響，城市范圍內(nèi)的生態(tài)環(huán)境也會(huì)受到很大影響。所以當(dāng)前研究的熱點(diǎn)之一就是對(duì)城市擴(kuò)張進(jìn)行研究。通過(guò)新興的科技手段來(lái)進(jìn)行城市擴(kuò)張監(jiān)測(cè)已是當(dāng)務(wù)之急。目前，地理信息系統(tǒng)與遙感的應(yīng)用技術(shù)飛速發(fā)展，利用航空遙感影像以及遙感影像的解譯方法來(lái)研究城市擴(kuò)展，與傳統(tǒng)研究土地利用動(dòng)態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)的方法比較，具有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。 為了研究城市擴(kuò)展的系列問(wèn)題，本文首先對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外同類研究成果進(jìn)行收集、總結(jié)，對(duì)城市擴(kuò)展的動(dòng)力機(jī)制及擴(kuò)展模式進(jìn)行分析，以陜西省省會(huì)西安市為研究對(duì)象，采用1995年、2002年兩期的TM影像和2010年的環(huán)境一號(hào)衛(wèi)星遙感影像作為主要的數(shù)據(jù)源，對(duì)城市建成區(qū)的邊界進(jìn)行提取，對(duì)西安市城區(qū)擴(kuò)展的動(dòng)態(tài)變化情況和推動(dòng)城市擴(kuò)張的原因等方面的相關(guān)技術(shù)和規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究。 本文主要對(duì)以下內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了研究： (1)對(duì)提取城市擴(kuò)展信息的方法進(jìn)行研究。本文選取了三種方法：面向?qū)ο蠓�、非監(jiān)督分類法和基于最大似然法的監(jiān)督分類法。對(duì)這三種方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究，從中選擇分類效果好的分類方法來(lái)進(jìn)行城市擴(kuò)展外輪廓信息提取。 (2)對(duì)城市擴(kuò)展過(guò)程中的城市土地時(shí)空變化情況進(jìn)行研究。從城市建成區(qū)擴(kuò)展數(shù)量、形態(tài)、空間差異、擴(kuò)展合理性等四個(gè)方面研究西安市城市擴(kuò)展的速度與方向。 (3)對(duì)城市擴(kuò)展驅(qū)動(dòng)機(jī)制進(jìn)行研究。分別選擇樣本城市的幾大社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素如：人口類、經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)值類、人民生活類、交通類等，來(lái)對(duì)西安城市擴(kuò)展進(jìn)行驅(qū)動(dòng)力機(jī)制分析。 進(jìn)過(guò)研究得出主要結(jié)論如下：（1）利用選取的三種方法進(jìn)行研究區(qū)域內(nèi)的城市擴(kuò)展外輪廓信息提取，經(jīng)過(guò)研究分析認(rèn)為面向?qū)ο蠓ㄔ谟糜谔崛〗ǔ蓞^(qū)邊界時(shí)是效果比較好的。（2）自1995年到2010年這段時(shí)間內(nèi)，西安市城市建成區(qū)的重心位置發(fā)生了一些移動(dòng)，先朝著西北方向移動(dòng)，之后朝著西南方向移動(dòng)。（3）隨著現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的高速度發(fā)展，西安市城市建成區(qū)的占地面積同時(shí)也在逐漸增大，并且不同區(qū)域在不同時(shí)期內(nèi)的變化態(tài)勢(shì)也有很大差異。（4）本文通過(guò)對(duì)西安市1995－2010年間統(tǒng)計(jì)資料進(jìn)行分析，認(rèn)為主要是經(jīng)濟(jì)、交通和人口這三個(gè)因素是推動(dòng)西安城市擴(kuò)展的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因子。
[Abstract]:In the process of complex space-time conversion, there will be a variety of land use into urban construction land gradually. Finally, it will lead to the continuous expansion of urban scale. The continuous expansion of urban construction land will have an impact on the development of urban construction. The ecological environment in the city scope will also be greatly affected. Therefore, one of the current research hotspots is to study the urban expansion. It is urgent to monitor the urban expansion through the new scientific and technological means. With the rapid development of GIS and remote sensing application technology, the interpretation method of aerial remote sensing image and remote sensing image is used to study urban expansion, which is compared with the traditional method of land use dynamic monitoring. Have a great advantage. In order to study the series of problems of urban expansion, this paper firstly collects and summarizes the similar research results at home and abroad, and analyzes the dynamic mechanism and expansion mode of urban expansion. Taking Xi'an city, the capital of Shaanxi Province, as the research object, the TM images of 1995 and 2002 and the environmental 1 satellite remote sensing images of 2010 were used as the main data sources. In this paper, the boundary of urban districts is extracted, and the dynamic changes of urban expansion and the causes of urban expansion in Xi'an are studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: This paper selects three methods: Object-Oriented method. The unsupervised classification method and the supervised classification method based on the maximum likelihood method are compared and studied, and the classification method with good classification effect is selected to extract the information of the outer contour of the city expansion. 2) to study the spatial and temporal changes of urban land in the process of urban expansion. This paper studies the speed and direction of Xi'an city expansion from four aspects, such as the rationality of expansion. 3) study on the driving mechanism of urban expansion. Select several social and economic factors of sample cities such as population, economic output value, people's life, transportation and so on. To analyze the driving force mechanism of Xi'an urban expansion. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: 1) using the three selected methods to extract the outer contour information of urban expansion in the study area. Through the research and analysis, it is considered that the object-oriented method is a good method for extracting the boundary of the built area.) from 1995 to 2010, the method is effective. The center of gravity of Xi'an city building area has been moved, first to the northwest, then to the southwest.) with the development of modern society, the center of gravity has developed at a high speed. At the same time, the area of Xi'an urban built-up area is increasing gradually. And different regions in different periods of change in the situation is also very different.) this paper through the analysis of the statistical data from 1995 to 2010 in Xi'an, think that it is mainly the economy. Transportation and population are the main driving factors to promote Xi'an urban expansion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：P237;TU984

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