本文關(guān)鍵詞： 廢瓷 回收利用 衛(wèi)生陶瓷 硅酸鋯 乳濁釉　出處：《華南理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：廢瓷日益增多、利用率低、污染環(huán)境等一系列的負(fù)面影響日益突出，廢瓷的回收利用對(duì)陶瓷工業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重要意義。 本文分析了衛(wèi)生陶瓷廢瓷的各項(xiàng)理化性能，結(jié)果顯示：廢瓷引入不會(huì)對(duì)坯體組成造成不良影響，但需配以細(xì)顆粒多、可塑性好、保水性好的二次粘土以減少?gòu)U瓷給料漿性能帶來的不利影響。同時(shí)其Fe、Ti含量高，將使瓷坯白度很差，需高遮蓋能力的乳濁釉，以獲得良好的外觀品質(zhì)，提高產(chǎn)品檔次。本文研究了廢瓷、鈉長(zhǎng)石、烏土、球土對(duì)衛(wèi)生陶瓷料漿及瓷坯性能的影響，確定了坯體的基礎(chǔ)配方為（wt%）：廢瓷29.7，，鈉長(zhǎng)石7.9，烏土7.9，西坑泥22.8，球土29.7，燒滑石2.0。通過正交實(shí)驗(yàn)研究了各工藝因素下的試樣性能，結(jié)果表明：對(duì)抗折強(qiáng)度影響的主次順序分別為：燒成溫度＞球磨時(shí)間＞保溫時(shí)間，優(yōu)化工藝為：球磨時(shí)間45min，燒成溫度1200℃，保溫時(shí)間60min。優(yōu)化工藝條件下：瓷坯致密度高，未見明顯氣孔，晶相生長(zhǎng)良好，具有較高的抗折強(qiáng)度（70MPa）和較低的吸水率（0.30）。 其次，采用四角配料法對(duì)釉料的SiO2、Al2O3含量，三角配料法對(duì)釉料的CaO、MgO、ZnO含量進(jìn)行調(diào)試，研究表明：試樣17、18、19釉層光滑，乳濁粒子皆為硅酸鋯，部分由硅酸鋯殘留顆粒引起，部分來自熔體中析出的硅酸鋯晶體，釉面的乳濁來自二者的共同作用。試樣18釉層中乳濁粒子粒徑小且數(shù)量多，形態(tài)均勻地分散于釉層玻璃中，白度92.17，光澤度88.3。釉18、19的熱膨脹系數(shù)小于坯體，為正釉，熱穩(wěn)定性好。Mg2+和Zn2+離子含量高可使熔體的高溫粘度增大，釉面出現(xiàn)針孔或橘釉；而ZnO摻量過多，釉面容易開裂，這可能與部分ZnO結(jié)晶有關(guān)。適當(dāng)增加ZnO，硅酸鋯含量增加，光澤度提高；MgO含量的較高，可降低硅酸鋯含量，增大熔體的表面張力，降低釉層的光澤度。CaO即能與坯反應(yīng)，又能與釉反應(yīng)，有利于提高坯釉適應(yīng)性和熱穩(wěn)定性。最終確定：釉式中，n(SiO2)3.69mol、n(Al2O3)0.34mol、 n(CaO)0.35mol、n(MgO)0.18mol、n(ZnO)0.18mol，釉面白度93.43，光澤度89.6，坯釉適應(yīng)性及熱穩(wěn)定性好。
[Abstract]:A series of negative effects, such as increasing of waste porcelain, low utilization rate and pollution of environment, are becoming increasingly prominent. The recycling and utilization of waste porcelain is of great significance to the sustainable development of ceramic industry. The physical and chemical properties of sanitary ceramic scrap are analyzed in this paper. The results show that the introduction of waste porcelain does not have any adverse effect on the composition of the body, but it needs more fine particles and better plasticity. The secondary clay with good water retention can reduce the adverse influence of the properties of the waste porcelain feed slurry. At the same time, the high content of Feo Ti will make the glaze with poor whiteness and high covering ability, so as to obtain good appearance quality. In this paper, the effects of waste porcelain, albite, black soil and ball soil on the properties of sanitary ceramic slurry and ceramic billet were studied. The basic formula of the billet was determined as follows: waste porcelain 29.7. Albite 7.9, Wutu 7.9, Xikeng mud 22.8, spherical soil 29.7, burning talc 2.0. The properties of the samples under various technological factors were studied by orthogonal experiment. The results show that the primary and secondary order of the effect of bending strength is sintering temperature > ball milling time > holding time. The optimized process is: ball milling time 45 min, firing temperature 1200 鈩

本文編號(hào)：1464262