本文關(guān)鍵詞：不同中庭高寬比對排煙效果影響的模擬研究　出處：《安徽理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中庭建筑 火災(zāi)煙氣 煙氣層高度 機(jī)械排煙 自然排煙

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展帶動(dòng)了復(fù)雜高大建筑的發(fā)展,中庭建筑由于其創(chuàng)造了寬敞、舒適、明亮的室內(nèi)環(huán)境,保證了許多活動(dòng)免受外界的影響而受到人們的普遍歡迎。隨著我國城市現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展,中庭建筑必將迅猛發(fā)展。然而,中庭建筑的蓬勃發(fā)展也帶來了嚴(yán)峻的火災(zāi)形勢,據(jù)火災(zāi)統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示,近年來許多重大、特大火災(zāi)與中庭建筑相關(guān)。所以,研究中庭建筑的火災(zāi)特點(diǎn)及提出防治措施,已經(jīng)成為火災(zāi)研究的重要課題。 本文采用理論分析與模擬分析相結(jié)合的方法研究了不同高寬比中庭火災(zāi)煙氣的流動(dòng)過程以及在機(jī)械排煙與自然排煙下煙氣控制效果分析。 首先,在大空間建筑火災(zāi)發(fā)展及煙氣蔓延與控制的理論基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合中庭建筑特點(diǎn),分析了中庭建筑火災(zāi)特性、煙氣特性、及煙氣流動(dòng)蔓延規(guī)律。 然后,根據(jù)現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中常見的中庭樣式及相關(guān)的行業(yè)規(guī)范,確定了火災(zāi)模擬中的中庭模型,火源特性,火災(zāi)荷載及排煙量等火災(zāi)場景參數(shù),本文設(shè)計(jì)了14種不同的火災(zāi)模擬場景,并使用FDS仿真模擬工具,建立了不同中庭建筑火災(zāi)煙氣控制模型。 最后,對14種火災(zāi)場景的模擬結(jié)果進(jìn)行對比分析。通過分析各中庭模型的能見度、溫度、煙氣層高度變化情況,得出了下列結(jié)論：隨著中庭高寬比增加,在相應(yīng)的機(jī)械排煙與自然排煙條件下,中庭的能見度下降速率增大,煙氣層高度下降速率也增大,煙氣層溫度降低,綜合分析,煙氣控制效果下降；中庭高寬比增加,煙氣生成量增加,煙氣蔓延范圍擴(kuò)大；自然排煙與機(jī)械排煙對各中庭的煙氣控制效果差別不大,自然排煙煙氣控制效果略好；當(dāng)中庭高度增加時(shí),自然排煙的煙囪效應(yīng)會(huì)更加明顯,自然排煙量增大；在夏季高溫時(shí),高大中庭出現(xiàn)熱障效應(yīng),在排煙初期,會(huì)影響自然排煙的排煙效果,隨著煙氣積累,自然排煙仍能發(fā)揮較好的排煙效果。 本文的研究結(jié)論可為中庭建筑及大空間建筑的防火性能優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)及建筑火災(zāi)煙氣控制提供一定的參考和指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of economy has led to the development of complex tall buildings, the atrium building has created spacious, comfortable, bright indoor environment. With the development of the city modernization in our country, the atrium building will develop rapidly. The vigorous development of atrium has also brought severe fire situation, according to fire statistics, in recent years, a lot of major fires and atrium buildings related. It has become an important subject in fire research to study the fire characteristics of atrium building and put forward prevention and control measures. In this paper, the flow process of smoke in atrium with different aspect ratio and the effect of smoke control under mechanical and natural smoke exhaust are studied by combining theoretical analysis with simulation analysis. Firstly, on the basis of the theory of fire development and smoke spread and control in large space buildings, combined with the characteristics of atrium building, the fire characteristics, smoke characteristics and smoke flow spreading law of atrium building are analyzed. Then, according to the common atrium style and related industry standards in real life, the fire scene parameters such as atrium model, fire source characteristics, fire load and smoke emission in fire simulation are determined. In this paper, 14 different fire simulation scenarios are designed, and the smoke control models of different atrium buildings are established by using FDS simulation tools. Finally, the simulation results of 14 kinds of fire scenes are compared and analyzed. By analyzing the visibility, temperature and smoke height of each atrium model, the following conclusions are drawn: with the increase of atrium aspect ratio. Under the corresponding conditions of mechanical and natural smoke exhaust, the visibility of atrium increases, the height of smoke layer increases, the temperature of flue gas layer decreases, and the effect of smoke control is decreased by comprehensive analysis. The ratio of height to width of atrium is increased, the amount of flue gas is increased, and the range of smoke spread is enlarged. The effect of natural smoke exhaust and mechanical smoke exhaust on the smoke control of each atrium is not significant, and the natural exhaust smoke control effect is slightly better. When the height of atrium increases, the chimney effect of natural smoke exhaust will be more obvious, and the amount of natural smoke exhaust will increase. In the summer high temperature, the large atrium appeared the thermal barrier effect, in the early stage of smoke exhaust, it will affect the natural smoke exhaust effect. With the accumulation of smoke, the natural smoke exhaust can still play a better effect. The conclusions of this paper can provide some reference and guidance for the optimization design of fire resistance performance of atrium building and large space building and the smoke control of building fire.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU834

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本文編號(hào)：1439693