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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國建筑碳排放權(quán)交易框架構(gòu)建研究　出處：《重慶大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 建筑節(jié)能減排 碳排放權(quán)交易 能耗配額 框架構(gòu)建

【摘要】：近年來，隨著城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程的加快，我國建筑規(guī)模一直保持著高速增長的態(tài)勢，與此同時也必然伴隨著大量的能源消耗和碳排放，使原本有限的大氣環(huán)境容量越來越緊缺，，并引發(fā)了以氣候變化為顯著特征的一系列環(huán)境問題。因此，控制建筑能耗、減少碳排放已經(jīng)成為我國必須直面的重要問題。從實際來看，單純的利用政府控制管理來降低建筑耗能和排放的作用十分有限，而碳排放權(quán)交易這一新型市場機(jī)制的提出卻為解決該問題提供了一種嶄新思路。為了響應(yīng)我國“十二五”規(guī)劃中開展碳排放權(quán)交易以及十八屆三中全會中提出的資源有償使用及生態(tài)補(bǔ)償?shù)囊螅疚膰L試在我國碳交易全面實施的前提下，率先構(gòu)建一個具有中國特色的建筑領(lǐng)域碳排放權(quán)交易框架，從而有效地指導(dǎo)我國建筑碳交易工作的展開，并進(jìn)一步實現(xiàn)低碳建筑和低碳城市的目標(biāo)。 本文綜合運(yùn)用了文獻(xiàn)查閱法、對比分析法以及專家訪談法，并結(jié)合稀缺性、外部性、科斯產(chǎn)權(quán)理論以及博弈均衡等理論以及實踐總結(jié)，得出如下結(jié)論：首先，建筑碳交易是一種允許碳排放權(quán)利自由調(diào)劑從而實現(xiàn)減排成本效益最優(yōu)的市場機(jī)制，具有能耗影響因素多、基線難設(shè)定、交易主體量大分散、單體建筑交易量小、交易成本高及交易屬性穩(wěn)定等特點(diǎn)；其次我國主要可控建筑能耗為北方城鎮(zhèn)采暖、公共建筑能耗等。因此在尊重各類能耗需求及選擇合理交易運(yùn)作方式等前提下，我國建筑領(lǐng)域所適用的建筑碳排放權(quán)交易框架，可以構(gòu)建一種以不同類型建筑為區(qū)分，以強(qiáng)制區(qū)、過渡區(qū)和自愿區(qū)三種減排性質(zhì)相結(jié)合，配額交易、項目交易和自愿交易三種交易模式相結(jié)合的綜合體系，且框架內(nèi)外流通模式可以包含與強(qiáng)制減排領(lǐng)域間的雙向流通以及與非強(qiáng)制減排領(lǐng)域間的單向流通兩種方式。最后，針對框架內(nèi)不同類型建筑，政府可以從監(jiān)管、懲罰和激勵三個維度進(jìn)行制度建設(shè)和實施，從而為推動我國建筑碳排放權(quán)交易的健康有序發(fā)展提供支撐力量。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the urbanization process, the scale of construction in China has maintained a rapid growth situation, at the same time, it will inevitably be accompanied by a large number of energy consumption and carbon emissions. It makes the limited atmospheric environmental capacity more and more scarce, and causes a series of environmental problems characterized by climate change. Therefore, building energy consumption is controlled. Reducing carbon emissions has become an important issue that our country must face up to. From the practical point of view, the use of government control management to reduce building energy consumption and emissions is very limited. However, the proposal of carbon emissions trading, a new market mechanism, provides a new way to solve this problem. In order to respond to the 12th Five-Year Plan of China, In the plan to carry out carbon emissions trading and the third Plenary session of the 18 Central Committee of the demand for compensation for the use of resources and ecological compensation. Under the premise of the comprehensive implementation of carbon trading in China, this paper attempts to take the lead in building a carbon emissions trading framework with Chinese characteristics, so as to effectively guide the development of building carbon trading in China. And further achieve the goals of low-carbon buildings and low-carbon cities. This article synthetically uses the literature consulting method, the contrast analysis method and the expert interview method, and combines the scarcity, the externality, the Coase property right theory and the game equilibrium theory as well as the practice summary, draws the following conclusions: first. Building carbon trading is a market mechanism that allows carbon emission rights to be adjusted freely so as to achieve the best cost-effectiveness of emission reduction. There are many factors affecting energy consumption, the baseline is difficult to set, and the volume of trading bodies is widely dispersed. The single building trade volume is small, the transaction cost is high, the transaction attribute is stable and so on. Secondly, the main energy consumption of controlled buildings in China is heating in northern cities and towns, energy consumption of public buildings, and so on. Therefore, under the premise of respecting all kinds of energy consumption demand and choosing reasonable trading operation mode and so on. The construction carbon emission trading framework applied in the field of construction in our country can construct a kind of quota trading which is based on different types of buildings, which combines the three emission reduction properties of compulsory area, transition area and voluntary area. The integrated system of three transaction modes: project transaction and voluntary transaction. And the internal and external circulation model can include two-way circulation and non-mandatory emission reduction field of two-way circulation and non-mandatory emission reduction areas of one-way circulation. Finally, for different types of buildings within the framework, the government can regulate. Punishment and incentive are three dimensions of institutional construction and implementation, thus providing a support for the healthy and orderly development of carbon emissions trading in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F426.92;F205

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