本文關(guān)鍵詞：鋁合金軸心受壓構(gòu)件局部穩(wěn)定與相關(guān)穩(wěn)定性能研究　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 鋁合金軸壓構(gòu)件 局部穩(wěn)定 局部與整體相關(guān)穩(wěn)定 試驗(yàn)研究 設(shè)計(jì)方法

【摘要】：鋁合金結(jié)構(gòu)因其特有的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，在國內(nèi)外的應(yīng)用越來越多：鋁合金材料能夠彌補(bǔ)鋼材耐蝕性差的缺點(diǎn)，并且自重輕、低溫韌性好、可擠壓成型，能夠循環(huán)利用。但是，鋁合金的彈性模量低，僅為普通鋼材的三分之一左右，因此，鋁合金結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定問題尤為突出。國外對(duì)鋁合金軸壓構(gòu)件的整體穩(wěn)定性能已有較系統(tǒng)的研究，目前著重于局部穩(wěn)定性能，但研究范圍不全面，對(duì)局部整體相關(guān)穩(wěn)定的研究很少；國內(nèi)對(duì)鋁合金的研究剛剛起步，僅針對(duì)整體穩(wěn)定性能，缺少對(duì)局部穩(wěn)定和局部整體相關(guān)穩(wěn)定的研究。因此，針對(duì)現(xiàn)有研究成果的不足，本文采用工程中常用的鋁合金材料6061-T6和6063-T5，通過大量的試驗(yàn)和數(shù)值分析，對(duì)大尺寸工形截面鋁合金軸心受壓構(gòu)件的局部穩(wěn)定性能和局部整體相關(guān)穩(wěn)定性能進(jìn)行研究，，給出板件有效厚度及試件穩(wěn)定系數(shù)的計(jì)算公式。本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下： （1）對(duì)15根鋁合金軸心受壓短柱的局部穩(wěn)定性能進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究，包括局部幾何初始缺陷、局部屈曲承載力、局部屈曲后極限承載力、破壞形態(tài)等。 （2）通過有限元軟件ANSYS對(duì)鋁合金軸壓短柱的局部穩(wěn)定性能進(jìn)行分析，包括398個(gè)十字形截面、403個(gè)箱形截面和348個(gè)工形截面。研究板件厚度、局部幾何初始缺陷、整體幾何初始缺陷、屈服強(qiáng)度、Ramberg-Osgood模型中應(yīng)變硬化指數(shù)n以及板件間相互作用的影響。提出受壓板件有效厚度的簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算模型，該模型不考慮相鄰板件間的相互作用。文中對(duì)比了71組現(xiàn)有試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算模型得到的承載力略低于試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，偏于安全，能夠應(yīng)用在實(shí)際工程中。 （3）對(duì)12根鋁合金軸心受壓中長柱的相關(guān)穩(wěn)定性能進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)研究，得到其局部和整體幾何初始缺陷、破壞形態(tài)、相關(guān)穩(wěn)定極限承載力等。 （4）通過有限元軟件ANSYS對(duì)鋁合金軸壓構(gòu)件的相關(guān)穩(wěn)定性能進(jìn)行分析，包括673個(gè)箱形截面及555個(gè)工形截面。研究局部幾何初始缺陷、整體幾何初始缺陷、屈服強(qiáng)度、Ramberg-Osgood模型中應(yīng)變硬化指數(shù)n的影響。提出鋁合金軸壓構(gòu)件穩(wěn)定系數(shù)的計(jì)算公式。該公式采用Perry-Robertson公式，在計(jì)算構(gòu)件的相對(duì)長細(xì)比時(shí)，考慮了有效截面的影響。文中對(duì)比了現(xiàn)有的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，本文建議公式得到的承載力略低于試驗(yàn)結(jié)果，偏于安全，能夠應(yīng)用在實(shí)際工程中。 本文的研究成果能夠在一定程度上填補(bǔ)國內(nèi)外研究空白，為后續(xù)的研究工作提供理論參考，為設(shè)計(jì)人員提供設(shè)計(jì)依據(jù)，對(duì)推廣鋁合金結(jié)構(gòu)在工程中的應(yīng)用具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:Aluminum Alloy structure because of its unique advantages, more and more applications at home and abroad: Aluminum Alloy materials can make up for the shortcomings of steel and corrosion resistance, light weight, low temperature toughness, can be extrusion molding, can be recycled. However, the elastic modulus of Aluminum Alloy low, only about 1/3 of ordinary steel, therefore the stability problem, Aluminum Alloy structure is particularly prominent. The foreign study on Aluminum Alloy axial component of overall stability of existing system, the current focus on the local stability, but the scope of the study is not comprehensive, very little research on the local stability of the whole; the domestic research on Aluminum Alloy has just started, only for the overall stability. The lack of local stability and overall stability of the local correlation. Therefore, aiming at the shortage of the existing research results, Aluminum Alloy materials 6061-T6 and 6063-T5 commonly used in the project, through a large number of test The local stability and the overall local correlation stability of aluminum alloy axially loaded members with large section are studied by numerical analysis and numerical analysis. The formulas for calculating effective thickness and stability factor of the specimen are given.
(1) the local stability of 15 aluminum alloy columns under axial compression is studied, including local geometric initial defects, local buckling capacity, local post buckling ultimate bearing capacity and failure modes.
(2) to analyze the local stability properties of short columns of Aluminum Alloy shaft through the finite element software ANSYS, including 398 cross section, 403 box section and 348 I-section. Study on plate thickness, initial geometric defects of local and overall geometric imperfections, yield strength, strain hardening index and n the interaction among plates in the Ramberg-Osgood model. A simplified calculation model of compressive plate effective thickness is proposed, the model does not consider the interaction between adjacent plates. In contrast to the 71 set of existing test results, the simplified calculation model of the bearing capacity is slightly lower than the test results, on the safe side, can be used in practice in the project.
(3) the relative stability performance of 12 aluminum alloy columns under axial compression is experimentally studied. The local and global geometric initial defects, failure modes and relative stability ultimate bearing capacity are obtained.
(4) through the finite element software ANSYS to analyze the related stability of Aluminum Alloy axial compression, including 673 box section and 555 I-section. Study on local geometric imperfections, the initial geometric imperfections, yield strength, strain hardening index n Ramberg-Osgood model. The formula is put forward for calculating the stability coefficient of compression members the Aluminum Alloy axis. The formula by using Perry-Robertson formula in the calculation of component relative slenderness ratio, considering the influence of effective section. This paper compares the existing test results, this paper proposed the formula of bearing capacity is slightly lower than the test results, on the safe side, can be used in practical engineering.
The research results in this paper can fill gaps in research both at home and abroad to a certain extent, provide theoretical reference for subsequent research, provide design basis for designers, and is of great significance for promoting the application of aluminum alloy structures in engineering.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TU395

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