【摘要】：近年來,黨和國家高度重視農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展以及農(nóng)民生活水平的提高。農(nóng)村金融的支持對于農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展的重要性毋庸置疑,但是在我國的廣大農(nóng)村地區(qū)當(dāng)下依然普遍存在著金融的供給不足、競爭不充分、金融滯后等問題。農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展已經(jīng)受到這些因素的阻礙。 要改變農(nóng)村貸款難的現(xiàn)狀,解決農(nóng)村金融供需矛盾的問題,必須打破國家一直以來對農(nóng)村金融體系存量改革的思路,村鎮(zhèn)銀行的出現(xiàn)使得這一改變成為現(xiàn)實,并在一定程度上促進了具有競爭性的農(nóng)村金融市場的建設(shè)。 然而,村鎮(zhèn)銀行還處于起步和探索階段,發(fā)展面臨很多制約因素,在較短的發(fā)展過程中已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了例如市場定位偏離、可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力較弱、經(jīng)營風(fēng)險大、競爭力偏低等問題,達不到政策設(shè)計的預(yù)期目的,村鎮(zhèn)銀行服務(wù)“三農(nóng)”最終呈現(xiàn)的效果受到了這些問題的影響,試點的村鎮(zhèn)銀行在運行過程中顯現(xiàn)的問題亟需梳理解決,以支持其持續(xù)發(fā)展。 本文規(guī)避了對中國整個村鎮(zhèn)銀行行業(yè)考察和分析的困難,通過西部貧困地區(qū)具有代表性的A村鎮(zhèn)銀行進行探索,分析總結(jié)其經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀,以求找到我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行發(fā)展中的問題所在,并在借鑒學(xué)習(xí)國外實踐成功經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上對A村鎮(zhèn)銀行的未來發(fā)展提出對策建議,為村鎮(zhèn)銀行在西部欠發(fā)達地區(qū)找到一條可持續(xù)發(fā)展的道路。 本文由六章構(gòu)成。 第一章緒論中的主要內(nèi)容是闡明本文研究的背景、研究的意義和目的、方法和架構(gòu)以及相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)和文獻綜述。 第二章的主要內(nèi)容為我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行發(fā)展的概況和現(xiàn)狀,闡明了村鎮(zhèn)銀行設(shè)立的政策背景,村鎮(zhèn)銀行的定義,村鎮(zhèn)銀行的特點及其設(shè)立的現(xiàn)實意義,并從我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行的運營狀況、注冊資金規(guī)模和發(fā)起行類型等方面介紹了現(xiàn)階段我國的村鎮(zhèn)銀行概況。 第三章的主要內(nèi)容是介紹兩種國際上比較成功的村鎮(zhèn)銀行模式,分別是孟加拉鄉(xiāng)村銀行(GrameenBank)模式和印度尼西亞人民銀行村行系統(tǒng)(BRI-UD)模式,并分析了兩種模式各自的特點,然后從中總結(jié)出一些相關(guān)經(jīng)驗。 第四章主要介紹A村鎮(zhèn)銀行的運營情況,主要分析了A村鎮(zhèn)銀行的運營的特點、存在的問題。首先介紹了A村鎮(zhèn)銀行所在的B市經(jīng)濟金融環(huán)境,分析了B市的金融市場存在的問題,然后從存款、貸款、客戶結(jié)構(gòu)、貸款管理模式和特色金融產(chǎn)品等方面分析了A村鎮(zhèn)銀行運營狀況,總結(jié)了目前取得的成效和存在的主要問題。 第五章采用SWOT分析方法歸納總結(jié)了A村鎮(zhèn)銀行的優(yōu)劣勢和面臨的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)。 第六章主要是對A村鎮(zhèn)銀行發(fā)展的對策建議。首先明確戰(zhàn)略定位和經(jīng)營方針,然后重點從公司治理、資產(chǎn)負債管理、業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展、風(fēng)險管理、內(nèi)控制度管理、人才建設(shè)和信息化保障支持等七個方面提出了具體的措施建議。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the Party and government attach great importance to the development of agriculture and rural economy and the improvement of farmers' living standards. There is no doubt that the support of rural finance is of great importance to the development of rural economy. However, in the vast rural areas of our country, there are still some problems such as insufficient supply of finance, insufficient competition and lagging finance. The development of rural economy has been hindered by these factors. In order to change the present situation of rural loans and to solve the contradiction between supply and demand of rural finance, we must break the thinking of the national reform of the stock of rural financial system all the time. The appearance of village and town banks makes this change a reality. And to a certain extent to promote the construction of competitive rural financial markets. However, the village bank is still in the initial and exploring stage, and the development is faced with many restrictive factors. In the short development process, for example, the market orientation deviates, the ability of sustainable development is weak, the management risk is large, the competitiveness is low, and so on. Unable to achieve the expected purpose of policy design, the effect of village bank service "three rural areas" is affected by these problems, and the problems that appear in the process of operation of the pilot village bank need to be combed and solved to support its sustainable development. This paper avoids the difficulties of investigating and analyzing the whole village banking industry in China, and analyzes and sums up the present operating situation of the representative A village bank in the poverty-stricken areas in the west of China. In order to find out the problems in the development of village banks in our country, and on the basis of learning from the successful experience of foreign countries, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for the future development of village banks. For the village banks in the western underdeveloped areas to find a sustainable development of the road. This paper consists of six chapters. In the first chapter, the main content of the introduction is to clarify the background of this study, the significance and purpose of the study, the method and structure, the relevant theoretical basis and literature review. The second chapter is mainly about the general situation and the present situation of the development of the village bank in our country. It clarifies the policy background, the definition of the village bank, the characteristics of the village bank and the practical significance of the establishment of the village bank. This paper also introduces the general situation of village banks in China at present from the aspects of operation status, scale of registered funds and types of initiating banks. The third chapter introduces two successful village bank models, namely, the (GrameenBank) model of Grameen Bank of Bangladesh and the Village Bank of Indonesia (BRI-UD) model. The characteristics of the two models are analyzed, and some relevant experiences are summarized. The fourth chapter mainly introduces the operation of A Village Bank, mainly analyzes the characteristics and problems of the operation of A Village Bank. First of all, it introduces the economic and financial environment of B city where the village bank of A is located, analyzes the problems existing in the financial market of B city, and then analyzes the structure of deposits, loans and customers. This paper analyzes the operation of A village bank from the aspects of loan management mode and characteristic financial products, and summarizes the achievements and main problems. The fifth chapter summarizes the advantages and disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of A Village Bank by SWOT analysis method. The sixth chapter is mainly to A village bank development countermeasure suggestion. First, the strategic orientation and management policy are defined, and then specific measures are put forward from seven aspects: corporate governance, asset liability management, business development, risk management, internal control system management, talent construction and information support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.35

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