我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行的風(fēng)險管理機制研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-24 16:51
【摘要】：2009年至今是村鎮(zhèn)銀行迅速擴張的3年,數(shù)量上從之前的91家飆升至現(xiàn)在的1053家村鎮(zhèn)銀行,遍布全國各個省市,特別是中西部地區(qū),所設(shè)村鎮(zhèn)銀行數(shù)量占到了全國總數(shù)量的70.17%。村鎮(zhèn)銀行單個的規(guī)模雖小,但從其激增的數(shù)量及廣泛的分布情況上來看,已經(jīng)使其在我國農(nóng)村金融體系中具有了不容忽視的影響力。然而,村鎮(zhèn)銀行數(shù)量上繁榮的另一面在可以預(yù)見的未來,必定是殘酷的競爭甚至優(yōu)勝劣汰下的被迫退出；再者,作為村鎮(zhèn)銀行這樣的新型農(nóng)村金融類型,立足于農(nóng)村、圍繞著農(nóng)業(yè)、服務(wù)于農(nóng)民,不得不直面的就是農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)濟的弱質(zhì)性特點,在從事經(jīng)營活動的過程中也伴隨著這一特性帶來的高風(fēng)險,積極應(yīng)對危機,取區(qū)域經(jīng)濟之長補農(nóng)村金融之弱勢,不僅僅是村鎮(zhèn)銀行自身的發(fā)展要求,更是銀監(jiān)會在維護村鎮(zhèn)銀行整個行業(yè)穩(wěn)定向上發(fā)展需要關(guān)心的問題,村鎮(zhèn)銀行與基層農(nóng)村金融市場息息相關(guān),所以加強村鎮(zhèn)銀行的風(fēng)險管理避免農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟區(qū)域性的動蕩也是地方政府的職責(zé)所在。 本文在國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行的基本特征、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和可能面臨的風(fēng)險問題；并把國外相似類型銀行中風(fēng)險管理機制較為成熟的美國社區(qū)銀行作為經(jīng)驗借鑒,分析了其風(fēng)險管理機制的結(jié)構(gòu)、運作原理和關(guān)鍵優(yōu)勢；在以上基礎(chǔ)上,提出了建立我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行風(fēng)險管理機制的構(gòu)想。 本文認為,村鎮(zhèn)銀行的風(fēng)險管理不應(yīng)局限于微觀上村鎮(zhèn)銀行內(nèi)部的風(fēng)險管控與危機應(yīng)對,而是應(yīng)當從宏觀角度出發(fā),建立起一套縝密、全面、完備的村鎮(zhèn)銀行風(fēng)險管理機制,由中國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理委員會與地方政府作為責(zé)任的關(guān)鍵主體,建立統(tǒng)一的管理機構(gòu)、全面的風(fēng)險監(jiān)測體系,并合作選擇與實施風(fēng)險管理方式；以及時高效、審慎嚴謹、風(fēng)險最小化及合理淘汰為原則,采取整頓整改、托管接管、并購重組以及行政、破產(chǎn)清算等方式,對不同情況的村鎮(zhèn)銀行進行有針對性的監(jiān)督與治理,引導(dǎo)村鎮(zhèn)銀行不斷完善其風(fēng)險內(nèi)控系統(tǒng),促進村鎮(zhèn)銀行的公平競爭,優(yōu)化農(nóng)村金融市場的資源循環(huán)；與此同時,為使這套管理機制無后顧之憂的順利運作,還需要完善相關(guān)的法律體系,建立起有效的存款保險制度來作為支撐。
[Abstract]:It has been three years since the rapid expansion of village banks in 2009, the number of which has soared from 91 before to 1053 village banks in various provinces and cities across the country, especially in the central and western regions. The number of village banks has accounted for 70.17 percent of the country's total. Although the single scale of village bank is small, it has a great influence in the rural financial system of our country from the point of view of its proliferating quantity and wide distribution. However, the other side of the boom in the number of village and town banks must be cruel competition and even forced withdrawal under the survival of the fittest in the foreseeable future; moreover, as a new type of rural finance such as village banks, they are based in rural areas. Focusing on agriculture and serving farmers, what we have to face directly is the weak nature of the agricultural economy. In the process of engaging in business activities, it is accompanied by the high risk brought about by this characteristic, and we have to actively deal with the crisis. To make up for the weakness of rural finance by taking the advantages of regional economy is not only the development requirement of the village bank itself, but also the problem that the CBRC should pay attention to in maintaining the stable and upward development of the whole village bank industry. Village banks are closely related to the grassroots rural financial markets, so it is also the responsibility of local governments to strengthen the risk management of village banks to avoid the regional turbulence of rural economy. On the basis of relevant research at home and abroad, this paper expounds the basic characteristics, development status and possible risk problems of village banks in China. Based on the experience of American community banks with mature risk management mechanism in similar types of banks abroad, the paper analyzes the structure, operation principle and key advantages of the risk management mechanism. This paper puts forward the conception of establishing the risk management mechanism of village banks in our country. This paper holds that the risk management of village banks should not be limited to the risk management and crisis management within the village banks, but should be set up from a macro perspective, and a set of rigorous, comprehensive and complete risk management mechanism of village banks should be established. By the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the local government as the key body of responsibility, establish a unified regulatory body, a comprehensive risk monitoring system, and cooperate to select and implement risk management methods in order to be timely, efficient, prudent and rigorous, On the principle of minimizing risk and reasonably eliminating, adopting the methods of rectifying and rectification, custody and takeover, merger and acquisition, administration, bankruptcy liquidation, and so on, and carrying out targeted supervision and management of village banks in different situations, To guide village banks to improve their internal risk control system, to promote fair competition of village banks, and to optimize the resource circulation of rural financial markets; at the same time, to ensure the smooth operation of this management mechanism without any worries, We also need to improve the relevant legal system and establish an effective deposit insurance system as the support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.35
本文編號：2291968
[Abstract]:It has been three years since the rapid expansion of village banks in 2009, the number of which has soared from 91 before to 1053 village banks in various provinces and cities across the country, especially in the central and western regions. The number of village banks has accounted for 70.17 percent of the country's total. Although the single scale of village bank is small, it has a great influence in the rural financial system of our country from the point of view of its proliferating quantity and wide distribution. However, the other side of the boom in the number of village and town banks must be cruel competition and even forced withdrawal under the survival of the fittest in the foreseeable future; moreover, as a new type of rural finance such as village banks, they are based in rural areas. Focusing on agriculture and serving farmers, what we have to face directly is the weak nature of the agricultural economy. In the process of engaging in business activities, it is accompanied by the high risk brought about by this characteristic, and we have to actively deal with the crisis. To make up for the weakness of rural finance by taking the advantages of regional economy is not only the development requirement of the village bank itself, but also the problem that the CBRC should pay attention to in maintaining the stable and upward development of the whole village bank industry. Village banks are closely related to the grassroots rural financial markets, so it is also the responsibility of local governments to strengthen the risk management of village banks to avoid the regional turbulence of rural economy. On the basis of relevant research at home and abroad, this paper expounds the basic characteristics, development status and possible risk problems of village banks in China. Based on the experience of American community banks with mature risk management mechanism in similar types of banks abroad, the paper analyzes the structure, operation principle and key advantages of the risk management mechanism. This paper puts forward the conception of establishing the risk management mechanism of village banks in our country. This paper holds that the risk management of village banks should not be limited to the risk management and crisis management within the village banks, but should be set up from a macro perspective, and a set of rigorous, comprehensive and complete risk management mechanism of village banks should be established. By the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the local government as the key body of responsibility, establish a unified regulatory body, a comprehensive risk monitoring system, and cooperate to select and implement risk management methods in order to be timely, efficient, prudent and rigorous, On the principle of minimizing risk and reasonably eliminating, adopting the methods of rectifying and rectification, custody and takeover, merger and acquisition, administration, bankruptcy liquidation, and so on, and carrying out targeted supervision and management of village banks in different situations, To guide village banks to improve their internal risk control system, to promote fair competition of village banks, and to optimize the resource circulation of rural financial markets; at the same time, to ensure the smooth operation of this management mechanism without any worries, We also need to improve the relevant legal system and establish an effective deposit insurance system as the support.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.35
【引證文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 丁皓忱;;我國村鎮(zhèn)銀行發(fā)展對策[J];河北聯(lián)合大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2014年04期
2 謝玉琴;;如何加強村鎮(zhèn)銀行內(nèi)部管理工作的思考[J];商業(yè)文化;2014年29期
3 謝玉琴;;村鎮(zhèn)銀行管理發(fā)展之我見[J];商業(yè)文化;2014年32期
，本文編號：2291968
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