【摘要】：外匯儲(chǔ)備作為一個(gè)國(guó)家資產(chǎn)儲(chǔ)備的主要組成部分，發(fā)揮著維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定的重要作用。尤其是現(xiàn)在各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)系越來(lái)越緊密，全球化的速度不斷加快，各國(guó)相互之間經(jīng)濟(jì)影響力越來(lái)越大，影響的領(lǐng)域也越來(lái)越廣，所以優(yōu)化外匯儲(chǔ)備，維護(hù)外匯儲(chǔ)備的適量性對(duì)一個(gè)國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)安全至關(guān)重要。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，中國(guó)市場(chǎng)化程度愈加成熟，經(jīng)濟(jì)快速、迅猛發(fā)展。在國(guó)際貿(mào)易頻繁和國(guó)際資本流動(dòng)速度進(jìn)一步加快的大背景下，中國(guó)的國(guó)際收支狀況有了很大改變。這主要?dú)w因于國(guó)際貿(mào)易額的增長(zhǎng)以及國(guó)際資本的大量流入，最終導(dǎo)致巨額的國(guó)際收支順差，從而中國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備規(guī)模越來(lái)越大，增長(zhǎng)的速度也越來(lái)越快。超額的外匯儲(chǔ)備和外匯儲(chǔ)備投資的低收益是中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備面臨的最大的問(wèn)題，而且由這些問(wèn)題又引發(fā)了一系列的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，首先是匯率變化引發(fā)的外匯儲(chǔ)備貶值的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；其次是管理巨額外匯儲(chǔ)備所造成的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān)；最后是低效率的外匯儲(chǔ)備投資造成的機(jī)會(huì)成本問(wèn)題。另外中國(guó)超額的外匯儲(chǔ)備造成西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家對(duì)人民幣升值的壓力，加劇了中西方國(guó)家國(guó)際貿(mào)易和國(guó)家關(guān)系的緊張狀況,導(dǎo)致了一定的政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 本文即立足于中國(guó)超額外匯儲(chǔ)備和外匯儲(chǔ)備投資低效率的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況，研究中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備投資多元化的發(fā)展情況。文章共分五部分，，第一部分主要對(duì)本文的研究背景、結(jié)構(gòu)及文獻(xiàn)綜述情況進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹；第二部分介紹中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備投資的現(xiàn)狀，為實(shí)行外匯儲(chǔ)備投資多元化做一個(gè)背景介紹；第三部分是通過(guò)對(duì)上一部分現(xiàn)狀的分析得出中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備投資存在的問(wèn)題，為實(shí)行外匯儲(chǔ)備投資多元化進(jìn)行原因分析；第四部分則通過(guò)國(guó)際上典型國(guó)家外匯儲(chǔ)備投資多元化的情況分析探討其成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)及對(duì)中國(guó)的啟示；第五部分主要是針對(duì)中國(guó)的具體實(shí)際提出關(guān)于中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備投資多元化合理化的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Foreign exchange reserve, as a major component of a country's asset reserve, plays an important role in maintaining economic stability. Especially now, with the increasingly close economic ties and the accelerating pace of globalization, the economic influence among countries is becoming greater and greater, and the fields of influence are becoming wider and wider. The appropriateness of foreign exchange reserves is very important to a country's economic development and economic security. Since the reform and opening up, China's market economy has become more mature, and its economy has developed rapidly. The growth of international trade and the inflow of international capital eventually lead to a huge balance of payments surplus, which makes the scale of China's foreign exchange reserves bigger and bigger and the growth rate faster and faster. It also triggers a series of risks, first of all, the risk of the devaluation of foreign exchange reserves caused by exchange rate changes; secondly, the financial burden caused by the management of huge foreign exchange reserves; and finally, the opportunity cost caused by inefficient foreign exchange reserves investment. It has aggravated the tension between China and the West in international trade and state relations, resulting in certain political risks.
This paper is based on the fact that China's excess foreign exchange reserve and foreign exchange reserve investment are inefficient to study the development of diversification of foreign exchange reserve investment in China.The article is divided into five parts.The first part mainly introduces the research background, structure and literature review of this paper.The second part introduces the foreign exchange reserve investment in China. The third part analyzes the existing problems of China's foreign exchange reserve investment through the analysis of the previous part of the current situation, and analyzes the reasons for the diversification of foreign exchange reserve investment; the fourth part analyzes the diversification of foreign exchange reserve investment in typical international countries. The fifth part mainly puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions on the diversification and rationalization of China's foreign exchange reserve investment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.6

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