本文選題：小額信貸 + 微型金融�。� 參考：《蘭州商學院》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：微型金融作為小額信貸的廣義范疇，可以向農(nóng)戶、中小企業(yè)提供信貸、儲蓄、保險等一系列的金融服務。國外許多機構的實踐證明,微型金融作為正規(guī)金融組織的補充，對農(nóng)村扶貧開發(fā)、中小企業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)具有十分重要的推動作用。當前，我國金融體系和金融制度尚不完善，面向農(nóng)村中小企業(yè)和低收入階層的金融服務明顯供給不足，微型金融作為一個很好的解決法案，越來越受到國家的重視。2012年中央“一號文件”指出：“發(fā)展多元化農(nóng)村金融機構，鼓勵民間資本進入農(nóng)村金融服務領域，支持商業(yè)銀行到中西部地區(qū)縣域設立村鎮(zhèn)銀行，有序發(fā)展農(nóng)村資金互助組織，引導農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社規(guī)范開展信用合作。完善符合農(nóng)村銀行業(yè)金融機構和業(yè)務特點的差別化監(jiān)管政策，適當提高涉農(nóng)貸款風險容忍度，實行適度寬松的市場準入、彈性存貸比政策。繼續(xù)發(fā)展農(nóng)戶小額信貸業(yè)務，加大對種養(yǎng)大戶、農(nóng)民專業(yè)合作社、縣域小型微型企業(yè)的信貸投放力度”。 甘肅省作為我國經(jīng)濟欠發(fā)達地區(qū)，當?shù)匚⑿徒鹑诎l(fā)展尚處于不成熟的初級階段，，存在許多理論和實踐上的問題，研究甘肅省微型金融發(fā)展問題對于促進當?shù)剞r(nóng)村經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、緩解中小企業(yè)融資難問題具有重要意義。本文以甘肅省微型金融發(fā)展問題為研究對象,涉及到微型金融發(fā)展的宏觀和微觀層面,采取定性分析和定量分析,歸納總結和對比分析相結合的方法，首先研究了國內(nèi)外微型金融發(fā)展的成功實踐；其次，在對甘肅省微型金融發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀全面把握的基礎上，分析了甘肅微型金融發(fā)展存在的問題；最后，通過借鑒國內(nèi)外成功實踐并結合當?shù)匚⑿徒鹑诎l(fā)展存在的問題，提出加快當?shù)匚⑿徒鹑诎l(fā)展的建議。本文研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，當前甘肅省微型金融發(fā)展存在的問題包括：一是當前的法律制度和監(jiān)管體系并不能適應當?shù)匚⑿徒鹑诘目焖侔l(fā)展；二是微型金融風險防范機制和機構建設不夠完善；三是資金和利率問題限制了微型金融機構的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。要實現(xiàn)當?shù)匚⑿徒鹑诘目焖侔l(fā)展需要政府加強立法和監(jiān)管建設，同時可考慮從完善信用評價等體系、加強風險控制，擴大資金來源、推動利率市場化并加大產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新等方面促進當?shù)剞r(nóng)村金融深化，推進甘肅省微型金融發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As a broad category of microfinance, microfinance can provide a series of financial services such as credit, savings, insurance and so on. The practice of many foreign institutions has proved that microfinance, as a supplement of formal financial organizations, plays a very important role in promoting the development of rural poverty alleviation and small and medium-sized enterprises. At present, the financial system and financial system of our country are still not perfect, the financial services for rural small and medium-sized enterprises and low-income groups are obviously inadequate. As a very good solution, micro-finance is a very good solution. More and more attention has been paid by the state. In 2012, the "No. 1 document" of the Central Committee pointed out: "developing diversified rural financial institutions, encouraging private capital to enter rural financial services, and supporting commercial banks to set up village and town banks in counties in the central and western regions. Orderly development of mutual funds in rural areas, leading farmers' professional cooperatives to standardize credit cooperation. We should improve the differential supervision policy in line with the characteristics of rural banking financial institutions and business, appropriately improve the risk tolerance of agriculture-related loans, implement moderately relaxed market access and flexible deposit-loan ratio policies. We should continue to develop the micro-credit business of peasant households, and increase the lending to large farmers, professional cooperatives and small microenterprises at the county level. " As an underdeveloped region of our country, the development of local micro-finance in Gansu Province is still in the immature initial stage, and there are many theoretical and practical problems. The study of the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province can promote the development of local rural economy. It is of great significance to alleviate the financing difficulties of small and medium enterprises. This paper takes the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province as the research object, involving the macro and micro aspects of the development of micro-finance, adopting the methods of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, summing up and combining with comparative analysis. Firstly, it studies the successful practice of the development of micro-finance at home and abroad; secondly, on the basis of comprehensive understanding of the present situation of the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province, it analyzes the problems existing in the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province. Based on the successful practice at home and abroad and the problems existing in the development of local microfinance, the paper puts forward some suggestions for speeding up the development of local microfinance. This paper finds that the problems existing in the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province include: first, the current legal system and regulatory system can not adapt to the rapid development of local micro-finance; Secondly, the mechanism and institution construction of micro-financial risk prevention is not perfect, and the problem of fund and interest rate restricts the sustainable development of micro-financial institution. In order to achieve the rapid development of local micro-finance, the government should strengthen legislation and supervision and construction. At the same time, it can consider improving the credit evaluation system, strengthening risk control, and expanding the sources of funds. Promote interest rate marketization and increase product innovation to promote the deepening of local rural finance and promote the development of micro-finance in Gansu Province.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州商學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.7

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