本文選題：手機(jī)銀行 + 金融形態(tài)�。� 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：金融業(yè)是信息密集的行業(yè),不僅其經(jīng)營對象可實(shí)現(xiàn)信息化,而且金融活動對信息通信技術(shù)(ICT)也有很強(qiáng)的依賴性。金融業(yè)的發(fā)展與信息通信技術(shù)緊密相連,信息通信技術(shù)不僅能夠引起金融創(chuàng)新,產(chǎn)生新的金融工具和交易方式,而且能夠顛覆現(xiàn)有的金融模式。隨著信息通信技術(shù)和金融業(yè)的發(fā)展,信息通信技術(shù)與金融逐漸融為一體,可以說,沒有信息通信技術(shù),就沒有現(xiàn)代金融業(yè)�？v觀最近幾十年的金融創(chuàng)新,無不與信息通信技術(shù)有關(guān),信息通信技術(shù)對于金融業(yè)的作用舉足輕重,手機(jī)銀行的誕生就是很好的例證。 移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與金融的結(jié)合,目前主要表現(xiàn)為以銀行為主導(dǎo)和以移動運(yùn)營商等非銀行機(jī)構(gòu)為主導(dǎo)的手機(jī)銀行。自20世紀(jì)90年代末手機(jī)銀行誕生以來,其以迅雷不及掩耳之勢席卷全球,目前手機(jī)銀行的典型模式在非洲國家,主要由移動運(yùn)營商主導(dǎo)。在未來,每一個人手中都有一部手機(jī)等移動終端,資金供求匹配直接通過手機(jī)銀行進(jìn)行,不需要銀行券商等金融中介,以移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為代表的現(xiàn)代信息通信技術(shù),將會對現(xiàn)有金融模式產(chǎn)生根本影響。有鑒于此,作者通過手機(jī)銀行來研究信息通信技術(shù)對金融形態(tài)的影響。 論文共分七章,第一章從歷史視角來論述信息通信技術(shù)對于金融業(yè)發(fā)展的重要性,并以此為基礎(chǔ),引出手機(jī)銀行。第七章主要綜述了手機(jī)銀行的理論和實(shí)踐,使我們對手機(jī)銀行有一個感性和理性的認(rèn)識。論文第二、三、四、五章主要圍繞手機(jī)銀行與金融形態(tài)來展開,為本文的理論基礎(chǔ)。各章節(jié)的主要觀點(diǎn)如下： 第一章,為了能更好地說明信息通信技術(shù)對金融形態(tài)變革的重要性,我們梳理了歷史上與技術(shù)相關(guān)的金融創(chuàng)新,發(fā)現(xiàn)自金融業(yè)引入信息通信技術(shù)以來,從業(yè)務(wù)輔助到金融業(yè)再造,信息通信技術(shù)不僅能夠引致新的交易工具和交易方式,促使金融機(jī)構(gòu)、金融市場的變革,同時也有可能顛覆現(xiàn)有的金融模式。直至今日,金融業(yè)已經(jīng)與信息通信技術(shù)水乳交融,可以說,沒有信息通信技術(shù),就沒有現(xiàn)代金融業(yè),信息通信技術(shù)對于金融形態(tài)變革的重要性不容忽視。 第二章,信息通信技術(shù)(ICT)與金融的結(jié)合拓展了交易邊界,提高了金融包容性水平。而在現(xiàn)實(shí)條件下,ICT與金融的結(jié)合點(diǎn)主要體現(xiàn)為手機(jī)銀行以及運(yùn)用電腦終端進(jìn)行的P2P融資模式。本文實(shí)證分析表明,過去20年間,ICT對中國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長有顯著的促進(jìn)作用,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上網(wǎng)人數(shù)、移動電話指標(biāo)都顯著促進(jìn)了經(jīng)濟(jì)增長,并且移動電話對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的促進(jìn)作用大于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上網(wǎng)人數(shù)。但固定電話對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的促進(jìn)作用不顯著,這主要是因?yàn)橐苿与娫拰潭娫捰刑娲?yīng)。進(jìn)一步分析表明,ICT對經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn),主要是通過擴(kuò)大交易邊界,提高金融包容性水平來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。 第三章,手機(jī)普及率超過了正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的網(wǎng)點(diǎn)或自助設(shè)備,加之移動互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與金融的結(jié)合,引致了無網(wǎng)點(diǎn)銀行服務(wù)的出現(xiàn)(即虛擬銀行),使得手機(jī)銀行拓展了交易邊界。通過引入代理商,非洲國家已經(jīng)成功運(yùn)用手機(jī)銀行來彌補(bǔ)金融空白,很好地解決了金融包容的問題。而手機(jī)銀行在提高金融包容性水平時關(guān)鍵在于定價,考慮到金融包容和手機(jī)銀行網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模效應(yīng),其定價不宜太高,考慮到風(fēng)險補(bǔ)償,其定價也不宜太低。此外,手機(jī)銀行作為一種金融創(chuàng)新,蘊(yùn)含一定風(fēng)險,需要監(jiān)管部門進(jìn)行合理監(jiān)管。 第四章,通過對我國農(nóng)村金融發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀的剖析,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國農(nóng)村金融的核心問題是信息不充分。目前化解這一難題的主要手段是推廣手機(jī)銀行,利用手機(jī)銀行進(jìn)行信息處理,手機(jī)銀行不僅交易成本低,而且可以解決信息不對稱的問題。現(xiàn)階段可以通過手機(jī)銀行來增加農(nóng)戶的信用記錄,在未來,可以通過社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)等工具來充分揭示和傳播信息。進(jìn)一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn),我國農(nóng)村推廣手機(jī)銀行的基本條件已經(jīng)具備,只要“政治決策”即可實(shí)現(xiàn)。最后,為了盡快破解我國農(nóng)村金融信息難題,我們提出了相關(guān)政策建議。 第五章,隨著信息通信技術(shù)(ICT)的發(fā)展和移動終端普及率的提高,手機(jī)銀行的支付功能逐漸得以體現(xiàn)(即移動支付),移動支付有可能取代現(xiàn)金和信用卡成為主要的支付方式,從而引起支付形態(tài)的變革。移動支付是電子貨幣形態(tài)的主要表現(xiàn)形式,電子貨幣是移動支付存在的基礎(chǔ),二者具有網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模效應(yīng),而預(yù)期在移動支付和電子貨幣網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模效應(yīng)中起著關(guān)鍵作用,隨著移動支付和電子貨幣網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)模效應(yīng)的凸顯,移動支付的低交易成本優(yōu)勢得到充分發(fā)揮,從而減少了人們對現(xiàn)金貨幣的需求,改變了貨幣需求的形式。同時,中央銀行和利潤最大化的企業(yè)并行發(fā)行貨幣,將會沖擊貨幣供給。貨幣需求形式的改變和電子貨幣的私人供給,將會使得貨幣控制的有效性大大降低,這時需要中央銀行發(fā)明新的貨幣政策工具來應(yīng)對這一沖擊。 第六章,互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時代的金融活動,尤其是通過手機(jī)銀行等現(xiàn)代金融服務(wù)方式來從事有關(guān)金融活動,時刻面臨金融風(fēng)險,這里主要指信息科技風(fēng)險。我們在借鑒商業(yè)銀行信息科技風(fēng)險防范和監(jiān)管的基礎(chǔ)上,重點(diǎn)討論互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融時代下手機(jī)銀行業(yè)務(wù)所面臨的信息科技風(fēng)險。由于信息科技風(fēng)險具有傳遞性、復(fù)雜性、隱蔽性和突發(fā)性等特點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致金融系統(tǒng)具有一定的脆弱性,而金融系統(tǒng)本身又具有一定的外部性,涉及到社會公眾的利益,一旦金融系統(tǒng)發(fā)生崩潰,單憑市場主體的分擔(dān)和救助已經(jīng)無法化解,因而需要金融監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)從外部進(jìn)行監(jiān)管�；ヂ�(lián)網(wǎng)時代的金融,淡化了實(shí)體的金融機(jī)構(gòu),因此針對金融機(jī)構(gòu)的微觀審慎監(jiān)管也就不太重要,更多地是行為監(jiān)管和消費(fèi)者保護(hù)。 第七章,20世紀(jì)90年代末手機(jī)銀行誕生以來,其以迅雷不及掩耳之勢席卷全球。近年來,手機(jī)銀行在非洲國家更是“風(fēng)生水起”,如南非的Wizzit、肯尼亞的M-PESA、贊比亞的Clepay等。鑒于此,我們重點(diǎn)梳理了目前比較典型的手機(jī)銀行實(shí)踐。并從手機(jī)銀行自身因素、手機(jī)銀行與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長、手機(jī)銀行與微觀金融、手機(jī)銀行與金融空白、手機(jī)銀行與農(nóng)村金融等方面,歸納、梳理了有關(guān)手機(jī)銀行的文獻(xiàn)。通過對手機(jī)銀行理論和實(shí)踐的分析,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)銀行由于交易成本低、方便及時,在彌補(bǔ)金融空白方面優(yōu)勢明顯,尤其是廣闊的農(nóng)村地區(qū)。 論文可能的創(chuàng)新如下： 選題新。本論文是第一次通過手機(jī)銀行來研究信息通信技術(shù)對金融形態(tài)的影響。已有文獻(xiàn)研究信息通信技術(shù)對于金融形態(tài)的重要性,更多是從信息通信技術(shù)的輔助作用這方面來論述,很少從手機(jī)銀行的視角來研究,更談不上從手機(jī)銀行的第三層含義(即金融業(yè)的顛覆性變革),來說明信息通信技術(shù)對金融形態(tài)的影響。 背景新。本論文緊緊圍繞著手機(jī)銀行對金融形態(tài)的影響這一主旋律來展開。手機(jī)銀行對金融模式的影響,如無網(wǎng)點(diǎn)金融服務(wù)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)金融模式；手機(jī)銀行對支付形態(tài)的影響,如移動支付；手機(jī)銀行對信息處理的影響；手機(jī)銀行對金融監(jiān)管形態(tài)的影響等方面進(jìn)行展開。上述內(nèi)容,都緊緊圍繞手機(jī)銀行與金融形態(tài)進(jìn)行,并以此為基礎(chǔ),展望未來金融發(fā)展。 觀點(diǎn)新。第一次系統(tǒng)定義手機(jī)銀行,即通過手機(jī)等移動終端來提供金融服務(wù),包含三層含義：一是指傳統(tǒng)銀行主導(dǎo)下的手機(jī)銀行,這是傳統(tǒng)銀行業(yè)務(wù)的延伸,在發(fā)達(dá)國家比較普遍；二是移動運(yùn)營商主導(dǎo)下的手機(jī)銀行,能夠更好地滿足金融包容的需要,在欠發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)比較普遍；三是通過手機(jī)等移動終端資金供需雙方直接完成的融資活動,如P2P融資模式等。同時指出手機(jī)銀行的第三層含義是未來的發(fā)展方向。此外,還創(chuàng)造性地提出運(yùn)用手機(jī)銀行來破解我國農(nóng)村金融信息難題。 論文尚有諸多不足之處,表現(xiàn)在： 囿于數(shù)據(jù)的可獲得性,論文計量部分的非穩(wěn)態(tài)回歸存在一定的問題,需要進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。論文對手機(jī)銀行面臨的信息科技風(fēng)險討論也不夠深入,尤其表現(xiàn)在信息科技風(fēng)險的度量和識別方面。最后,有關(guān)手機(jī)銀行的基本理論是一項(xiàng)系統(tǒng)工程,論文只是大致畫了一個輪廓,需要我們在以后的研究中進(jìn)一步深化。總之,論文的完成只是一個開始,需要后來者不斷添磚加瓦。
[Abstract]:Financial industry is an information intensive industry, not only its operating object can be information-based, but also the financial activities have strong dependence on the information and communication technology (ICT). The development of the financial industry is closely connected with the information and communication technology. The information and communication technology can not only cause financial innovation, produce new financial instruments and ways, but also can be reversed. With the development of the information and communication technology and the development of the financial industry, information and communication technology and finance have gradually integrated. It can be said that without information and communication technology, there is no modern financial industry. In the last few decades, the financial innovation has been closely related to information and communication technology, and the role of information and communication technology in the financial industry is very light. Heavy, the birth of mobile banking is a good example.
The combination of mobile Internet and finance is mainly shown as the mobile bank dominated by banks and non bank institutions such as mobile operators. Since the birth of mobile phone banks in the late 1990s, the mobile Internet has swept the globe with the momentum of thunderbolt. At present, the typical model of mobile banking is in African countries, mainly by mobile operation. In the future, in the future, everyone has a mobile terminal in the hands of a mobile phone and other mobile terminals. The match of capital supply and demand is carried out directly through the mobile bank and does not need financial intermediaries such as bank brokers. The modern information and communication technology, represented by the mobile Internet, will have a fundamental impact on the existing financial model. The study of the influence of information and communication technology on the financial form.
The thesis is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter discusses the importance of information and communication technology to the development of financial industry from the historical perspective, and on the basis of this, the mobile bank is introduced. The seventh chapter mainly summarizes the theory and practice of mobile banking, which makes us have a perceptual and rational understanding of the mobile bank. The second, third, four, and five chapters of the paper are mainly around the hand. The main points of this chapter are as follows:
In the first chapter, in order to better explain the importance of information and communication technology to the change of financial form, we have combed the history of technology related financial innovation, and found that since the introduction of information and communication technology in the financial industry, from the business assistance to the reengineering of the financial industry, the information and communication technology can not only lead to new trading tools and ways of trading, At the same time, the reform of financial institutions and financial markets may also subvert the existing financial model. Until now, the financial industry has been mixed with information and communication technology. It can be said that there is no modern financial industry without information and communication technology, and the importance of information and communication technology to financial form change can not be ignored.
In the second chapter, the combination of information and communication technology (ICT) and finance extends the transaction boundary and improves the level of financial inclusiveness. Under the actual conditions, the combination of ICT and finance is mainly embodied in the P2P financing mode of mobile banking and the use of computer terminals. The empirical analysis shows that in the past 20 years, the economic growth of China has been remarkable. The number of Internet Internet users and mobile phone indicators have significantly promoted economic growth, and mobile phones have a greater role in promoting economic growth than Internet access. However, the role of fixed phones is not significant for economic growth. This is mainly due to the substitution effect of mobile telephone on fixed telephone. Ming, ICT's contribution to economic growth is mainly achieved by expanding the trading boundary and raising the level of financial inclusion.
In the third chapter, the popularity of mobile phones exceeds the network of regular financial institutions or self-help equipment, coupled with the combination of mobile Internet and finance, which leads to the emergence of non network banking services (virtual banks), which makes mobile banks expand the transaction boundaries. By introducing agents, African countries have successfully used mobile banking to make up financial gaps. The key to the financial inclusion is to solve the problem of financial inclusion, and the key of mobile banking is to price the financial inclusiveness. Considering the financial inclusion and the scale effect of the mobile banking network, its pricing should not be too high. Considering the risk compensation, its pricing should not be too low. In addition, the hand bank as a financial innovation contains certain risks. It is necessary for the regulatory authorities to carry out reasonable supervision.
The fourth chapter, through the analysis of the current situation of rural financial development in China, found that the core problem of rural finance in China is insufficient information. At present, the main means to solve this problem is to promote mobile banking and to use mobile bank for information processing. The Bank of mobile phone not only has low transaction cost, but also can solve the problem of information asymmetry. In the future, we can fully reveal and disseminate information through the social network and other tools in the future. Further analysis shows that the basic conditions for the promotion of mobile banking in rural areas have already been found, as long as "political decision-making" can be realized. Finally, in order to solve the rural financial information as soon as possible in order to solve the rural financial information in China. The problem, we put forward relevant policy recommendations.
In the fifth chapter, with the development of information and communication technology (ICT) and the increase of the popularity of mobile terminal, the payment function of mobile bank is gradually embodied (i.e. mobile payment). Mobile payment may replace cash and credit card as the main mode of payment, which leads to the change of payment form. Mobile payment is the main form of electronic money form. In the present form, electronic money is the basis of the existence of mobile payment. The two party has the network scale effect, and it is expected to play a key role in the scale effect of mobile payment and e-money network. With the scale effect of mobile payment and e-money network, the advantages of low cost and easy cost of mobile payment are fully played, thus reducing people. The demand for cash money has changed the form of money demand. Meanwhile, the parallel issuance of currency by central banks and profit maximizing enterprises will impact money supply. Changes in the form of demand for money and the private supply of electronic money will greatly reduce the effectiveness of monetary control, which requires the central bank to invent a new currency. Policy tools to deal with this impact.
In the sixth chapter, the financial activities in the Internet age, especially the modern financial services such as mobile banking, are engaged in financial activities and face financial risks. This is mainly about the risk of information technology. On the basis of the risk prevention and supervision of the commercial banks' information technology, we focus on the mobile phone in the Internet financial era. The risk of information technology faced by the banking business. Because the risk of information technology has the characteristics of transitivity, complexity, concealment and sudden, the financial system has a certain vulnerability, and the financial system itself has some externalities, which involves the benefit of the public. Once the financial system collapses, the financial system is solely based on the market subject. Sharing and rescuing has been unable to be resolved, so financial regulators need to be supervised from the outside. The financial institutions in the Internet age have desalinated the entity's financial institutions, so the micro prudential supervision of financial institutions is not very important, and more is behavior supervision and consumer protection.
The seventh chapter, since the birth of mobile phone bank in the end of 1990s, it has swept the world through the thunderbolt. In recent years, mobile banking is more "rising" in African countries, such as Wizzit in South Africa, M-PESA in Kenya, and Clepay in Zambia. In view of this, we have focused on the typical practice of mobile banking. The bank's own factors, mobile banking and economic growth, mobile banking and microfinance, mobile banking and financial gaps, mobile banking and rural finance, summarize the literature about mobile banking. Through the analysis of the theory and practice of mobile banking, we find that the mobile bank is convenient and timely because of the low transaction cost. The advantages of financial gaps are obvious, especially in the vast rural areas.
The possible innovations in the paper are as follows:
This paper is the first time to study the influence of the information and communication technology on the financial form through the mobile phone bank. The importance of the information and communication technology to the financial form has been studied, and more is discussed from the auxiliary role of the information and communication technology. The third meaning (that is, the disruptive reform of the financial industry) is to illustrate the impact of information and communication technology on financial form.
The impact of mobile banking on financial patterns, such as non network financial services and Internet financial models, the impact of mobile banking on payment form, such as mobile payment, the impact of mobile banking on information processing, and mobile banking to finance. The above contents are all focused on mobile banking and financial form, and based on this, we look forward to the future financial development.
The first system defines mobile banking, which provides financial services through mobile terminals such as mobile phones, which includes three layers of meaning: one is the traditional bank led mobile banking, which is an extension of traditional banking business, more common in developed countries, and the two is mobile banking dominated by mobile banks, which can be better full of foot gold. The need for inclusion is more common in the less developed areas; three is the financing activities directly completed by the two sides of mobile terminals, such as mobile phones, such as the P2P financing model, etc., and points out that the third meanings of the mobile bank are the future direction of development. In addition, we also creatively put forward the use of mobile banking to solve the rural financial information in China. Difficult problems.
There are many shortcomings in this paper, which are manifested in:
Due to the availability of data, there are some problems in the non steady state regression of the paper, which needs further strengthening. The discussion of information technology risks facing mobile phone banks is not deep enough, especially in the measurement and identification of information technology risk. Finally, the basic theory of mobile banking is a systematic project. The paper just outlines a outline and needs to be further deepened in the future research. In a word, the completion of the paper is only a start, and the latter needs to be continuously added.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F830.3

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