本文選題：P2P小額信貸 + 運(yùn)營(yíng)模式�。� 參考：《中央民族大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：1976年,穆罕默德.尤努斯(Muhammad Yunus)在孟加拉國(guó),創(chuàng)辦了孟加拉第一個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村銀行—格萊珉銀行,這是一個(gè)發(fā)行微型貸款的機(jī)構(gòu)。2006年,尤努斯與格萊珉銀行共同獲得了諾貝爾和平獎(jiǎng)。自此,格萊珉鄉(xiāng)村銀行的運(yùn)作模式在世界范圍內(nèi)傳開(kāi)。小額信貸近年來(lái)在非盈利領(lǐng)域取得的成功引起了一些盈利性的金融公司的注意,他們開(kāi)始模仿小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)的借貸模式,以中介的形式將借貸雙方聯(lián)系起來(lái),通過(guò)收取服務(wù)費(fèi)的方式獲取盈利,這就是P2P小額信貸的起源。 P2P小額信貸公司最早于2005年起源于英國(guó),隨后很快傳入中國(guó),2006年創(chuàng)辦的宜信公司,是中國(guó)第一家P2P小額信貸公司。隨后,P2P小額信貸公司在中國(guó)獲得了爆發(fā)式的發(fā)展,數(shù)量由2008年的幾十家迅速增長(zhǎng)到如今的300家以上,并且被迅速網(wǎng)絡(luò)化。由于門檻低,缺乏監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu),P2P小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展速度無(wú)人能擋,驚人的發(fā)展速度勢(shì)必會(huì)帶來(lái)行業(yè)的混亂,如今中國(guó)的P2P小額信貸行業(yè)魚龍混雜,服務(wù)水平參差不齊,P2P公司資金鏈斷裂,投資者血本無(wú)歸,欺詐等事情頻發(fā)。面對(duì)巨大的市場(chǎng)需求,以及混亂的行業(yè)環(huán)境,P2P小額信貸企業(yè)應(yīng)該何去何從,尋找怎樣的發(fā)展模式才能獲得長(zhǎng)足發(fā)展?魚龍混雜的P2P小額信貸企業(yè)應(yīng)該由何人監(jiān)管,到底是該打壓還是該鼓勵(lì)?這都是擺在P2P小額信貸行業(yè)面前的問(wèn)號(hào),值得探究。這正是本文試圖解答的問(wèn)題。 本文主要有五章：緒論,P2P小額信貸概況,P2P運(yùn)營(yíng)模式及案例,P2P存在的問(wèn)題及建議,結(jié)語(yǔ)。其中緒論和P2P小額信貸概況屬于理論部分,是本文的研究背景,第三章國(guó)內(nèi)外P2P小額信貸企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)模式比較及案例分析,是本文的研究重點(diǎn)。第4章中國(guó)P2P小額信貸企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)模式存在的問(wèn)題及建議是文章的研究成果。 具體而言,在第一章中,本文首先對(duì)P2P小額信貸企業(yè)的起源和發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要描述,從而讓讀者了解了本文的研究背景。本章還對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外P2P的研究動(dòng)態(tài)進(jìn)行了概述。第二章從P2P小額信貸的定義、特點(diǎn)、分類、產(chǎn)生原因等幾個(gè)方面,對(duì)P2P小額信貸進(jìn)行了概述,并且對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外P2P小額信貸機(jī)構(gòu)的發(fā)展演進(jìn)歷程、現(xiàn)狀等進(jìn)行了梳理。第三章是本文的重點(diǎn),在這一章,文章從公司成立時(shí)間、公司規(guī)模、業(yè)務(wù)流程、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制、交易模式、抵押擔(dān)保、服務(wù)對(duì)象、借款額度、借款利率、收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、收益率幾個(gè)指標(biāo),對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外發(fā)展比較成熟,規(guī)模比較大,具有典型代表性的5家P2P小額信貸公司(國(guó)外3家,國(guó)內(nèi)2家)的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析。在前三章的研究基礎(chǔ)上,文章在第四章指出了我國(guó)P2P小額信貸運(yùn)營(yíng)存在的內(nèi)外部問(wèn)題：如監(jiān)管、信用評(píng)價(jià)體系、銀行托管、信息不對(duì)稱、市場(chǎng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等問(wèn)題；而且針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出了建議,并對(duì)中國(guó)P2P企業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)做了預(yù)測(cè)。最后結(jié)語(yǔ),得出了整篇文章的結(jié)論,并指出了本文的貢獻(xiàn)和不足。
[Abstract]:In 1976, Mohamed. In Bangladesh, Yunus founded the country's first Grameen Bank, the institution that distributes micro-loans. In 2006, Yunus and the Grameen Bank won the Nobel Peace Prize. Since then, Grameen Grameen's operations have spread around the world. The success of microfinance in the non-profit sector in recent years has attracted the attention of some profitable financial companies, which have begun to mimic the lending model of microfinance institutions, linking both borrowers and borrowers in the form of intermediaries. This is the origin of P2P microfinance. Peer-to-Peer-to-Peer Microcredit Corporation (P2P) originated in the UK in 2005 and was introduced to China soon afterwards. It was the first Peer-to-Peer Microcredit Company founded in 2006. Peer-to-Peer-to-Peer (P2P) microfinance companies have since achieved explosive growth in China, from dozens in 2008 to more than 300 today, and have been quickly networked. Because of the low threshold and the lack of a regulatory body, the pace of development of P2P microfinance institutions is unstoppable. The astonishing pace of development is bound to bring chaos to the industry. Nowadays, the P2P microfinance industry in China is mixed up. The service level is not uniform P2P company capital chain breaks, the investor blood does not return, the fraud and so on thing frequently occurs. In the face of huge market demand and chaotic industry environment, where should P2P microfinance enterprises go, and what kind of development model can they find to achieve substantial development? Who should regulate peer-to-peer microfinance companies? should they be suppressed or encouraged? This is in the P2P microfinance industry in front of the question mark, worth exploring. This is exactly the question this article is trying to answer. This paper mainly has five chapters: introduction to P2P micro-credit overview and P2P operation model and cases of P2P problems and suggestions, conclusion. The introduction and P2P microfinance survey is the theoretical part, is the research background of this paper, the third chapter is the domestic and foreign P2P microfinance enterprise operation model comparison and case analysis, is the focus of this paper. In chapter 4, the problems and suggestions of P2P microfinance enterprises in China are the research results. Specifically, in the first chapter, this paper briefly describes the origin and development of P2P microfinance enterprises, so that readers can understand the research background of this paper. This chapter also summarizes the research trends of P2P at home and abroad. The second chapter summarizes the P2P microfinance from the definition, characteristics, classification, reasons and other aspects, and summarizes the evolution of P2P microfinance institutions at home and abroad, the status quo and so on. The third chapter is the focus of this paper, in this chapter, the article from the company's founding time, company size, business process, risk control, trading model, mortgage guarantee, the object of service, borrowing amount, borrowing interest rate, charging standards, The operating modes of 5 representative P2P microfinance companies (3 abroad and 2 domestic) with relatively mature development and large scale at home and abroad are compared and analyzed. On the basis of the first three chapters, the paper points out the internal and external problems in the P2P micro-credit operation in China, such as supervision, credit evaluation system, bank custody, information asymmetry, market risk and so on. Some suggestions are put forward and the development trend of P2P enterprises in China is forecasted. Finally, the conclusion of the whole article is drawn, and the contributions and shortcomings of this paper are pointed out.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.39

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