本文選題：中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備 + 困境�。� 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：外匯儲(chǔ)備是一個(gè)國(guó)家貨幣當(dāng)局所持有的用于國(guó)際貿(mào)易中對(duì)外支付,彌補(bǔ)國(guó)際收支赤字,維持該國(guó)貨幣穩(wěn)定的國(guó)際間普遍接受的外國(guó)貨幣或外國(guó)貨幣的等價(jià)物,是國(guó)際儲(chǔ)備的一部分。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長(zhǎng),我國(guó)積累了巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備。大量的外匯儲(chǔ)備對(duì)我國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)和微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響,使我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入了困境,引起了社會(huì)各界的廣泛關(guān)注。本文從中國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),分析了中國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的特點(diǎn),揭示了我國(guó)積累大量外匯儲(chǔ)備的原因,闡述了我國(guó)過(guò)多的外匯儲(chǔ)備給宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)和微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)造成的不利影響,并且理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,提出了解決我國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備過(guò)多的相關(guān)對(duì)策,希望能夠有效管理外匯儲(chǔ)備,消除外匯儲(chǔ)備對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的不利影響,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展。 隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,中國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備保持了持續(xù)快速的增長(zhǎng),并且不斷積累。國(guó)家外匯管理局公布的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表明,2012年年底我國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備規(guī)模達(dá)到了3.3萬(wàn)億美元,約占世界外匯儲(chǔ)備總量的三分之一。巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備,是我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長(zhǎng)的標(biāo)志,提高了我國(guó)對(duì)外償付能力,提升了我國(guó)在國(guó)際上的信譽(yù),有利于維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系穩(wěn)定和國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)安全。多年來(lái),由于我國(guó)的出口導(dǎo)向型的外貿(mào)政策以及對(duì)國(guó)外投資的大力引進(jìn),我國(guó)在經(jīng)常項(xiàng)目和資本項(xiàng)目都保持了“雙順差”,加上我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)需求不足導(dǎo)致進(jìn)口少于出口,外債不斷增加從而對(duì)外匯儲(chǔ)備的需求增加,多種因素綜合起來(lái),導(dǎo)致了我國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備的快速增長(zhǎng)和大量積累。然而,中國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快,超出了合理規(guī)模且結(jié)構(gòu)不盡合理,這將不可避免地給經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來(lái)消極影響。巨額的外匯儲(chǔ)備損害了經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展,增加了儲(chǔ)備成本,面臨著縮水貶值的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),影響了中央銀行貨幣政策的獨(dú)立性。因此,我們應(yīng)該從中國(guó)的實(shí)際情況出發(fā),針對(duì)我國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備現(xiàn)狀,學(xué)習(xí)日本、新家坡和我國(guó)臺(tái)灣的外匯儲(chǔ)備管理模式,從中借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn),有效管理我國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備。我們可以分別從減少外匯儲(chǔ)備的來(lái)源,增加外匯儲(chǔ)備的使用和調(diào)整現(xiàn)有外匯儲(chǔ)備的資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)等三個(gè)方面來(lái)管理我國(guó)的外匯儲(chǔ)備。具體措施包括：轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)增長(zhǎng)方式,完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制；完善外匯管理體制,多元化投資主體；增加黃金儲(chǔ)備,把外匯儲(chǔ)備轉(zhuǎn)化為資源儲(chǔ)備等。
[Abstract]:A foreign exchange reserve is an internationally accepted foreign currency or equivalent held by a country's monetary authority for external payments in international trade, to make up for the balance of payments deficit and to maintain the stability of the country's currency. It is part of the international reserve. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of China's economy, China has accumulated a huge amount of foreign exchange reserves. A large amount of foreign exchange reserves have had an important impact on both the macro and micro economy of our country, which has caused our economy to fall into a difficult position and aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. Starting from the present situation of China's foreign exchange reserves, this paper analyzes the characteristics of China's foreign exchange reserves, reveals the reasons for China's accumulation of a large amount of foreign exchange reserves, and expounds the adverse effects of China's excessive foreign exchange reserves on the macro and micro economy. Combining theory with practice, this paper puts forward some relevant countermeasures to solve the excessive foreign exchange reserves in China, hoping to effectively manage foreign exchange reserves, eliminate the adverse effects of foreign exchange reserves on China's economy, and promote the sound and rapid development of the economy. With the development of China's economy, China's foreign exchange reserves have maintained a sustained and rapid growth, and continue to accumulate. Statistics released by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange show that China's foreign exchange reserves reached 3.3 trillion US dollars at the end of 2012, accounting for 1/3 of the world's total foreign exchange reserves. The huge foreign exchange reserve is the symbol of the rapid economic growth of our country, improves our country's external solvency, enhances our country's reputation in the world, and helps to maintain the stability of the economic system and the national economic security. Over the years, as a result of our export-oriented foreign trade policy and the vigorous introduction of foreign investment, China has maintained a "double surplus" in its current account and capital account, adding that insufficient domestic demand has led to less imports than exports. Foreign debt is increasing and the demand for foreign exchange reserve is increasing. A variety of factors are combined, which leads to the rapid growth and accumulation of foreign exchange reserve in China. However, China's foreign exchange reserves are growing too fast, exceeding their reasonable size and structurally unreasonable, which will inevitably have a negative impact on economic development. The huge foreign exchange reserve damages the healthy development of the economy, increases the reserve cost, faces the risk of shrinking and devaluing, and affects the independence of the central bank's monetary policy. Therefore, we should study the foreign exchange reserve management model of Japan, Xinjiapo and Taiwan in view of the current situation of China's foreign exchange reserves, and learn from the experience from which we can effectively manage our foreign exchange reserves. We can manage China's foreign exchange reserves from three aspects: reducing the sources of foreign exchange reserves increasing the use of foreign exchange reserves and adjusting the asset structure of existing foreign exchange reserves. Specific measures include: changing the mode of foreign trade growth, perfecting the mechanism of RMB exchange rate formation, perfecting the foreign exchange management system, diversifying the investment body, increasing the gold reserve and transforming the foreign exchange reserve into the resource reserve, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 楊凱;我國(guó)外匯儲(chǔ)備多元化投資路徑研究[D];中國(guó)礦業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 劉戰(zhàn)鵬;中國(guó)高鐵開(kāi)拓國(guó)際市場(chǎng)的戰(zhàn)略研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號(hào)：1785231