本文選題：中國外匯儲備 + 困境��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：外匯儲備是一個國家貨幣當(dāng)局所持有的用于國際貿(mào)易中對外支付,彌補(bǔ)國際收支赤字,維持該國貨幣穩(wěn)定的國際間普遍接受的外國貨幣或外國貨幣的等價物,是國際儲備的一部分。改革開放以來,隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速增長,我國積累了巨額的外匯儲備。大量的外匯儲備對我國宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)和微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)都產(chǎn)生了重要的影響,使我國經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入了困境,引起了社會各界的廣泛關(guān)注。本文從中國的外匯儲備現(xiàn)狀出發(fā),分析了中國外匯儲備的特點(diǎn),揭示了我國積累大量外匯儲備的原因,闡述了我國過多的外匯儲備給宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)和微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)造成的不利影響,并且理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際,提出了解決我國外匯儲備過多的相關(guān)對策,希望能夠有效管理外匯儲備,消除外匯儲備對我國經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的不利影響,促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)又好又快發(fā)展。 隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,中國的外匯儲備保持了持續(xù)快速的增長,并且不斷積累。國家外匯管理局公布的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)表明,2012年年底我國外匯儲備規(guī)模達(dá)到了3.3萬億美元,約占世界外匯儲備總量的三分之一。巨額的外匯儲備,是我國經(jīng)濟(jì)快速增長的標(biāo)志,提高了我國對外償付能力,提升了我國在國際上的信譽(yù),有利于維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)體系穩(wěn)定和國家經(jīng)濟(jì)安全。多年來,由于我國的出口導(dǎo)向型的外貿(mào)政策以及對國外投資的大力引進(jìn),我國在經(jīng)常項目和資本項目都保持了“雙順差”,加上我國國內(nèi)需求不足導(dǎo)致進(jìn)口少于出口,外債不斷增加從而對外匯儲備的需求增加,多種因素綜合起來,導(dǎo)致了我國外匯儲備的快速增長和大量積累。然而,中國的外匯儲備增長過快,超出了合理規(guī)模且結(jié)構(gòu)不盡合理,這將不可避免地給經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來消極影響。巨額的外匯儲備損害了經(jīng)濟(jì)的健康發(fā)展,增加了儲備成本,面臨著縮水貶值的風(fēng)險,影響了中央銀行貨幣政策的獨(dú)立性。因此,我們應(yīng)該從中國的實(shí)際情況出發(fā),針對我國外匯儲備現(xiàn)狀,學(xué)習(xí)日本、新家坡和我國臺灣的外匯儲備管理模式,從中借鑒經(jīng)驗(yàn),有效管理我國的外匯儲備。我們可以分別從減少外匯儲備的來源,增加外匯儲備的使用和調(diào)整現(xiàn)有外匯儲備的資產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)等三個方面來管理我國的外匯儲備。具體措施包括：轉(zhuǎn)變外貿(mào)增長方式,完善人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制；完善外匯管理體制,多元化投資主體；增加黃金儲備,把外匯儲備轉(zhuǎn)化為資源儲備等。
[Abstract]:A foreign exchange reserve is an internationally accepted foreign currency or equivalent held by a country's monetary authority for external payments in international trade, to make up for the balance of payments deficit and to maintain the stability of the country's currency. It is part of the international reserve. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid growth of China's economy, China has accumulated a huge amount of foreign exchange reserves. A large amount of foreign exchange reserves have had an important impact on both the macro and micro economy of our country, which has caused our economy to fall into a difficult position and aroused widespread concern from all walks of life. Starting from the present situation of China's foreign exchange reserves, this paper analyzes the characteristics of China's foreign exchange reserves, reveals the reasons for China's accumulation of a large amount of foreign exchange reserves, and expounds the adverse effects of China's excessive foreign exchange reserves on the macro and micro economy. Combining theory with practice, this paper puts forward some relevant countermeasures to solve the excessive foreign exchange reserves in China, hoping to effectively manage foreign exchange reserves, eliminate the adverse effects of foreign exchange reserves on China's economy, and promote the sound and rapid development of the economy. With the development of China's economy, China's foreign exchange reserves have maintained a sustained and rapid growth, and continue to accumulate. Statistics released by the State Administration of Foreign Exchange show that China's foreign exchange reserves reached 3.3 trillion US dollars at the end of 2012, accounting for 1/3 of the world's total foreign exchange reserves. The huge foreign exchange reserve is the symbol of the rapid economic growth of our country, improves our country's external solvency, enhances our country's reputation in the world, and helps to maintain the stability of the economic system and the national economic security. Over the years, as a result of our export-oriented foreign trade policy and the vigorous introduction of foreign investment, China has maintained a "double surplus" in its current account and capital account, adding that insufficient domestic demand has led to less imports than exports. Foreign debt is increasing and the demand for foreign exchange reserve is increasing. A variety of factors are combined, which leads to the rapid growth and accumulation of foreign exchange reserve in China. However, China's foreign exchange reserves are growing too fast, exceeding their reasonable size and structurally unreasonable, which will inevitably have a negative impact on economic development. The huge foreign exchange reserve damages the healthy development of the economy, increases the reserve cost, faces the risk of shrinking and devaluing, and affects the independence of the central bank's monetary policy. Therefore, we should study the foreign exchange reserve management model of Japan, Xinjiapo and Taiwan in view of the current situation of China's foreign exchange reserves, and learn from the experience from which we can effectively manage our foreign exchange reserves. We can manage China's foreign exchange reserves from three aspects: reducing the sources of foreign exchange reserves increasing the use of foreign exchange reserves and adjusting the asset structure of existing foreign exchange reserves. Specific measures include: changing the mode of foreign trade growth, perfecting the mechanism of RMB exchange rate formation, perfecting the foreign exchange management system, diversifying the investment body, increasing the gold reserve and transforming the foreign exchange reserve into the resource reserve, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.6

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 楊凱;我國外匯儲備多元化投資路徑研究[D];中國礦業(yè)大學(xué);2015年

2 劉戰(zhàn)鵬;中國高鐵開拓國際市場的戰(zhàn)略研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2015年

，

本文編號：1785231