本文選題：大型商業(yè)銀行 + 國際化�。� 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學》2013年博士論文

【摘要】：目前,中國銀行業(yè)正處于戰(zhàn)略轉型和快速國際化發(fā)展階段。中國銀行業(yè)需優(yōu)化資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量,提供優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品和金融服務,改造業(yè)務流程,完善銀行治理機制,提高商業(yè)銀行綜合經(jīng)營效益,進一步降低成本投入和資本消耗,轉外延粗放式增長為內(nèi)涵集約化增長,將規(guī)模與增長、風險與收益、穩(wěn)健與創(chuàng)新、本土化與國際化等方面全盤結合起來,從銀行治理機制上引導和規(guī)范中國銀行業(yè)基于長期優(yōu)質(zhì)增長而非規(guī)模粗放擴張,真正做到經(jīng)營方式的轉變。中國銀行業(yè)全球化布局需加快,在全球范圍內(nèi)要敢于直面與各國大型商業(yè)銀行開展全面的業(yè)務競爭,進一步提高中國銀行業(yè)國際化程度和國際競爭力,實現(xiàn)中國銀行業(yè)從“大”到“強”的轉變。 對國際銀行業(yè)來說,改革、兼并、重組一直是其主要的發(fā)展旋律,更是一流大型商業(yè)銀行階梯式成長的基本路徑。金融危機和歐債危機后,歐美諸國或對危機銀行部分股權國有化,或注資銀行業(yè),或大銀團之間業(yè)務重組,或資金充沛、經(jīng)營尚可的銀行收購瀕臨倒閉的銀行,以此來推動銀行業(yè)的改革和發(fā)展。對于新興市場國家來說,則抓住經(jīng)濟強勢增長的機遇,不斷深化和推進銀行業(yè)改革,以此來降低經(jīng)營成本,提高經(jīng)營效率,并加速拓展海外業(yè)務和機構布局,如中國、巴西、南非、俄羅斯等國商業(yè)銀行業(yè)。面對金融全球化及國際銀行業(yè)的深刻變革,中國大型商業(yè)銀行要轉變依靠國家金融政策保護和外延粗放式的發(fā)展思路,深切地認識到提高銀行經(jīng)營水平、國際化經(jīng)營程度和國際競爭力的迫切性。 隨著中國銀行業(yè)經(jīng)營自主權的擴大、利率市場化的推進、金融脫媒發(fā)展的態(tài)勢、資本和貨幣市場的快速發(fā)展,以及金融體制其他方面的深化改革,在競爭性的國際銀行業(yè)市場中,中國商業(yè)銀行需要能夠持續(xù)地比外資銀行更有效率地向金融市場提供現(xiàn)代金融產(chǎn)品和服務,并獲得持續(xù)的盈利和自我發(fā)展的綜合能力。采取多種措施提高中國銀行業(yè)的資金效率和資本充足率、改善銀行治理機制、堅持市場主導和創(chuàng)新發(fā)展的經(jīng)營原則,建立起具有強大競爭力的國際一流大型商業(yè)銀行是中國商業(yè)銀行業(yè)改革與發(fā)展的方向。 對中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力的研究是一項充滿創(chuàng)造性的工程,不僅是對已有研究成果的全面整合和補充,更能夠為商業(yè)銀行業(yè)國際競爭力領域的進一步研究指明路徑；不僅為大型商業(yè)銀行制定異質(zhì)性的競爭策略、提升自身的經(jīng)營管理水平和國際競爭力提供理論依據(jù),也能夠為政府部門(央行、銀監(jiān)部門等)的宏觀決策、政策制定和監(jiān)督管理提供綜合性的評價標準和理論依據(jù)。構建中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力評價指標體系,對中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力各因子要素進行實證檢驗,能夠較為明晰地了解決定中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力的關鍵因素。在面對一流國際大型商業(yè)銀行強有力的外部競爭時,中國大型商業(yè)銀行能夠有效地做出理性的應對措施,鞏固和發(fā)展自有市場、客戶和業(yè)務,并逐步邁入國際一流商業(yè)銀行的隊列。同時,能夠為中國大型企業(yè)走出去和海外投資戰(zhàn)略服務,有利于我國經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和全球影響力提升。科學而全面地評價中國大型商業(yè)銀行的國際競爭力具有重大的理論意義和現(xiàn)實意義。 選取英國《The Banker》以一級資本排名全球前50強大型商業(yè)銀行(剔除高盛集團和摩根士丹利兩家投資銀行)和另外5家中國股份制商業(yè)銀行作為研究樣本,借鑒國內(nèi)外學者關于企業(yè)(特別是商業(yè)銀行)競爭力、核心競爭力、國際競爭力的大量文獻、資料及研究方法,進而較為全面而準確地界定商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力的概念和評價體系。整個研究分為8個部分：第一部分,介紹論文選題的背景、選題的意義、主要的研究內(nèi)容和方法,文章主要創(chuàng)新點及不足；第二部分,介紹商業(yè)銀行競爭力的理論基礎,對研究的基礎概念予以說明,對國內(nèi)外學者研究成果進行全面的梳理和評述；第三部分,介紹商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力的評價實踐和構成要素；第四部分,介紹中國大型商業(yè)銀行的歷史沿革、國際化進程、外資銀行在中國的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀；第五部分,介紹各國商業(yè)銀行的歷史沿革、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀、國際化經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀及其國際競爭力強弱；第六部分,介紹大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力：國際比較與經(jīng)驗借鑒,并對國際銀行業(yè)績效與混業(yè)經(jīng)營、競爭環(huán)境的關系進行實證檢驗,得出混業(yè)經(jīng)營和國際化發(fā)展對于提升中國商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力是有益的結論,重點探討了大型商業(yè)銀行國際化發(fā)展模式的類型和其國際化發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗借鑒：第七部分,中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力的國際比較,從理論框架出發(fā)、介紹研究樣本和評價指標選取、指標標準化及模型的建立。介紹大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力排名、各具體指標細項得分,并為提高中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力進行了理論上分析。第八部分,介紹研究的主要結論和建議。 通過理論的演繹和實證的研究,本文的主要結論為：首先,中國大型商業(yè)銀行進入了新的發(fā)展階段,已經(jīng)成為國際銀行業(yè)重要的參與者；其次,中國大型商業(yè)銀行優(yōu)勢國際競爭力取決于其高盈利性和規(guī)模增長優(yōu)勢明顯,包括總資產(chǎn)收益率較高、資本收益率較高和經(jīng)營成本較低等三個方面的優(yōu)勢明顯；再次,中國銀行業(yè)的另外一個重要表現(xiàn)就是,通過國家注資國有商業(yè)銀行、組建新型股份制商業(yè)銀行和城市商業(yè)銀行、大力引入國外戰(zhàn)略投資者、IPO募資和擴股再融資、政策保護下的高額盈利、內(nèi)生性跨越式發(fā)展和行業(yè)內(nèi)并購整合等手段并舉,中國銀行業(yè)的資本實力迅速增強；另外,中國銀行業(yè)的整體風險管理能力需要加強,經(jīng)營的穩(wěn)健性需要進一步的提高；最后,中國銀行業(yè)的國際化程度不高、品牌競爭力不強,在國際銀行業(yè)市場難以俘獲國外客戶的信心。 進一步提高中國大型商業(yè)銀行國際競爭力,中國大型商業(yè)銀行在參與國際銀行業(yè)的競爭中要做好以下幾個方面：(1)樹立全球意識,全面參與國際競爭；(2)堅持創(chuàng)新發(fā)展,保證穩(wěn)定盈利水平；(3)加強基礎設施,提升管理體系效率；(4)實現(xiàn)綜合經(jīng)營,提供全能銀行服務；(5)整合業(yè)務流程,打造強大銀行品牌。另外,在國際銀行業(yè)的排名中,中國銀行業(yè)競爭力得分逐年上升,競爭實力逐步提升,但競爭實力上升趨勢能不能持久,還得看中國銀行業(yè)國際化進程的進和自身業(yè)務發(fā)展模式的轉變。
[Abstract]:At present , China ' s banking industry is in strategic transformation and fast international development stage . China ' s banking needs to optimize the quality of assets , provide high - quality products and financial services , transform the business process , improve the bank governance mechanism , improve the comprehensive management efficiency of commercial banks , further reduce the investment and capital consumption , improve the comprehensive management efficiency of the commercial banks , further reduce the investment in scale and growth , the risks and benefits , sound and innovation , localization and internationalization .

For the international banking industry , the reform , merger and reorganization have been the main development melody , and it is the basic path of the ladder growth of the first - class commercial banks .

With the expansion of China ' s banking business autonomy , the promotion of interest rate liberalization , the rapid development of capital and money market , the rapid development of capital and money market , and the deepening reform of financial system , China ' s commercial banks need to be able to provide modern financial products and services more efficiently than foreign banks in the competitive international banking market .

The research on the international competitiveness of China ' s large commercial banks is a creative project , not only the comprehensive integration and supplement of the existing research results , but also the further study of the path in the field of international competitiveness of commercial banks ;
In the face of the strong external competition of the first - class international commercial banks , China ' s large commercial banks can effectively make rational response measures to consolidate and develop their own markets , customers and businesses , and gradually enter the queue of international first - class commercial banks .

In this paper , the concept and evaluation system of the international competitiveness of commercial banks are defined comprehensively and accurately by using a large number of literatures , materials and research methods about the competitiveness , core competence and international competitiveness of enterprises ( especially commercial banks ) . The whole research is divided into 8 parts : Part I , introduces the background of the paper selection , the significance of the selection , the main research contents and methods , the main innovations of the articles and deficiencies ;
The second part introduces the theoretical foundation of the commercial bank ' s competitiveness , explains the basic concept of the research , and makes a comprehensive analysis and comment on the domestic and foreign scholars ' research results ;
The third part introduces the evaluation practice and constituent elements of the international competitiveness of commercial banks ;
The fourth part introduces the historical evolution of China ' s large commercial banks , the internationalization process and the development of foreign banks in China ;
The fifth part introduces the historical evolution of the commercial banks , the present situation of development , the current situation of international operation and the strength and weakness of its international competitiveness ;
The sixth part introduces the international competitiveness of large commercial banks : international comparison and experience reference , and empirically tests the relationship between international banking performance and mixed operation and competitive environment .

Through theoretical deduction and empirical research , the main conclusions of this paper are as follows : First , China ' s large commercial banks have entered a new stage of development , which has become an important participant in international banking ;
Secondly , the advantage international competitiveness of China ' s large commercial banks depends on its advantages of high profitability and scale growth , including higher yield of total assets , higher capital yield and lower operating cost .
Thirdly , the other important performance of China ' s banking industry is that through the state - owned commercial banks , a new joint - stock commercial bank and urban commercial bank are set up to introduce foreign strategic investors , IPO - raising and refinancing , high - level profitability under the protection of policies , the development of domestic and domestic mergers and acquisitions , and the rapid increase in the capital strength of China ' s banking sector ;
In addition , the overall risk management capability of China ' s banking industry needs to be strengthened , and the robustness of operation needs to be further improved ;
Finally , the internationalization of China ' s banking industry is low and the brand competitiveness is weak , and it is difficult to capture the confidence of foreign customers in the international banking market .

To further improve the international competitiveness of China ' s large commercial banks , China ' s large commercial banks should make the following aspects in their participation in international banking : ( 1 ) Set up global awareness and participate in international competition ;
( 2 ) Insist on the development of innovation and ensure the stable profit level ;
( 3 ) Strengthen the infrastructure and improve the efficiency of management system ;
( 4 ) realizing comprehensive management and providing all - energy banking services ;
( 5 ) To integrate business process and build strong bank brand . In addition , in the ranking of international banking industry , China ' s banking competitiveness scores increased year by year , and the competitive strength gradually increased , but the trend of competitive strength could not be sustained , and the transformation of China ' s banking internationalization process and its own business development mode should be seen .

【學位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.33

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