本文選題：商業(yè)銀行　切入點(diǎn)：銀行危機(jī)救助　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：商業(yè)銀行是發(fā)揮基礎(chǔ)作用的金融機(jī)構(gòu)，與人們的日常生活息息相關(guān)，肩負(fù)著信用中介、支付中介、信用創(chuàng)造、金融服務(wù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)節(jié)等一系列重要職能，在一國經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中占據(jù)舉足輕重的地位。商業(yè)銀行不同于普通企業(yè)，它是以經(jīng)營負(fù)債來獲取盈利的特殊企業(yè)，再加上現(xiàn)代銀行的部分準(zhǔn)備金制度，使得商業(yè)銀行自誕生之日起便天然地具有高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的特點(diǎn)，商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)便是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)爆發(fā)的極端表現(xiàn)。商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)具有極強(qiáng)的破壞性和傳導(dǎo)性，個(gè)別銀行出現(xiàn)問題后極容易引發(fā)整個(gè)銀行業(yè)的系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，甚至?xí)绊懙揭粐慕鹑诎踩�、�?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。因此，如何對(duì)危機(jī)銀行進(jìn)行救助，避免個(gè)別的銀行問題演變?yōu)檎麄�(gè)金融系統(tǒng)的危機(jī)和社會(huì)動(dòng)蕩，已經(jīng)成為世界各國普遍關(guān)注的重要課題之一。我國正處于經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌的特殊時(shí)期，金融行業(yè)面臨復(fù)雜外部環(huán)境和內(nèi)部壓力的雙重挑戰(zhàn)，這既是我國銀行業(yè)改革發(fā)展面臨的壓力，也是我國完善銀行業(yè)監(jiān)管和立法、建立科學(xué)高效的商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助體系的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇。 為了應(yīng)對(duì)商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)，各國形成了多種救助制度和安排。不同危機(jī)救助制度在救助目的、救助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、啟動(dòng)條件、主導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)方面規(guī)定不同，呈現(xiàn)出或行政或市場(chǎng)的特征。依據(jù)在商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助中主導(dǎo)救助的一方呈現(xiàn)出的背景不同，商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助模式可分為行政性救助模式和市場(chǎng)化救助模式。本文以行政性救助模式和市場(chǎng)化救助模式的劃分為突破口，探究公私主體在商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助中的角色定位，為完善我國商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助模式提出合理可行的建議，為行政性救助效率的提高和市場(chǎng)化救助的發(fā)展提供理論支持。 本文主要包括以下內(nèi)容。首先，對(duì)商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)概念進(jìn)行基本界定，同時(shí)結(jié)合公共物品理論和信息經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論，分析商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助的理論依據(jù)，并根據(jù)政府與市場(chǎng)關(guān)系的一般理論引出商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助模式的劃分，作為全文的理論鋪墊。其次，，對(duì)行政性救助模式和市場(chǎng)化救助模式分別進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的制度考察，并從法律規(guī)定和實(shí)際效果兩個(gè)方面對(duì)兩種救助模式進(jìn)行比較分析，在比較分析的基礎(chǔ)上同時(shí)結(jié)合域外救助的實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，得出對(duì)我國有益的啟示。再次，對(duì)我國商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助模式的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行制度考察和實(shí)例考察，指出我國商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助模式的主要問題為過度依賴行政性救助模式、具體救助手段的運(yùn)用缺乏策略以及法律規(guī)范和配套措施不完善。最后，從我國經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)軌時(shí)期的特殊國情出發(fā)，在我國當(dāng)前對(duì)行政權(quán)力的依賴以及法律體系不完備這一現(xiàn)實(shí)緯度下，提出完善我國商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助模式的建議，政府救助、自我救助、同業(yè)救助三方合力，共同完成商業(yè)銀行危機(jī)救助、維護(hù)銀行體系穩(wěn)定的重任。
[Abstract]:Commercial banks are financial institutions that play a fundamental role. They are closely related to people's daily lives and shoulder a series of important functions such as credit intermediary, payment intermediary, credit creation, financial services, economic regulation, etc.Play an important role in a country's economic system.The commercial bank is different from the ordinary enterprise, it is the special enterprise which obtains the profit by the management debt, plus the part reserve system of the modern bank, makes the commercial bank have the high risk characteristic naturally from the day of its birth.Commercial bank crisis is the extreme manifestation of risk outbreak.The crisis of commercial banks is extremely destructive and conductive. The problems of individual banks can easily lead to systemic risks of the whole banking sector, and even affect the financial security, economic development and social stability of a country.Therefore, how to rescue the banks in crisis and prevent individual banking problems from turning into crisis and social unrest in the whole financial system has become one of the most important topics that countries all over the world pay close attention to.Our country is in the special period of economic transition, the financial industry is faced with the dual challenge of complex external environment and internal pressure, which is not only the pressure of banking reform and development in our country, but also the perfection of banking supervision and legislation in our country.An important strategic opportunity to establish a scientific and efficient crisis relief system for commercial banks.In order to deal with the crisis of commercial banks, various countries have formed a variety of rescue systems and arrangements.Different crisis relief systems have different regulations in terms of purpose, standards, starting conditions and leading institutions, showing the characteristics of administration or market.According to the background of the leading party in the crisis rescue of commercial bank, the crisis relief mode of commercial bank can be divided into administrative rescue mode and market-oriented rescue mode.With the division of administrative rescue mode and market-oriented rescue mode as the breakthrough point, this paper probes into the role of public and private subjects in the crisis relief of commercial banks, and puts forward reasonable and feasible suggestions for perfecting the crisis relief mode of commercial banks in China.It provides theoretical support for the improvement of administrative aid efficiency and the development of market aid.This paper mainly includes the following contents.First of all, the concept of crisis of commercial banks is basically defined, and the theoretical basis of crisis relief of commercial banks is analyzed by combining the theory of public goods and the theory of information economics.According to the general theory of the relationship between the government and the market, the classification of the crisis relief mode of commercial banks is introduced as the theoretical basis of the full text.Secondly, the administrative relief mode and the market-oriented relief mode are investigated in detail, and the two modes are compared and analyzed from the aspects of legal provisions and actual effects.On the basis of comparative analysis, combined with the practical experience of overseas rescue, the beneficial enlightenment to our country is obtained.Thirdly, the system and examples of the crisis relief mode of commercial banks in China are investigated, and it is pointed out that the main problem of the crisis relief mode of commercial banks in China is over-reliance on the administrative rescue mode.The use of specific means of relief lack of strategy and legal norms and supporting measures are not perfect.Finally, starting from the special situation of China's economic transition period, under the realistic latitude of our country's current dependence on administrative power and incomplete legal system, this paper puts forward some suggestions to perfect the crisis relief mode of our commercial banks, and government assistance.Self-rescue and interbank rescue work together to complete the crisis rescue of commercial banks and maintain the stability of the banking system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.281;F832.33

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