本文選題：農村金融　切入點：社會主義新農村建設　出處：《武漢工程大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國作為農業(yè)大國，農業(yè)的發(fā)展對國家整體經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展起著至關重要的作用，而農村金融也是農業(yè)發(fā)展關鍵的環(huán)節(jié)。農業(yè)屬弱勢產(chǎn)業(yè)，有著投資周期長、風險高、收益比低等不足，這直接導致農村金融市場缺乏活躍度，同時也造成了農村金融市場資金供給嚴重不足。農村金融市場發(fā)展的滯后制約著社會主義新農村建設進程的推進以及農業(yè)的可持續(xù)性發(fā)展。在市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展過程中，金融決定著經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的速度和效率，當金融的作用受到限制時，經(jīng)濟增長會面臨資本投資不足和金融資源低效配置等問題。社會主義新農村建設有別于一般意義上得村莊建設，而是一種全方位綜合性的建設，它涵蓋了農村經(jīng)濟、政治、文化和社會等多方面。在我國建設社會主義新農村進程中，農村金融是指所有農村儲蓄、接待、融資和減少風險的機會以及相關的準則和制度，是農村經(jīng)濟增長與發(fā)展的核心。在社會主義新農村建設的背景下，，我國的農村金融體制需要改革與創(chuàng)新，這樣才能更好的發(fā)揮農村金融的支農功能，滿足日益增長的農村金融需求。 本文以農村金融以及社會主義新農村建設的相關理論為指導，運用定性、定量的分析方法展開研究，著重探討了我國農村金融體制的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與面臨的問題，并結合美國、德國、日本三個典型國家的農村金融體制的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，為我國社會主新農村建設背景下的農村金融體制改革與創(chuàng)新提出了方法與對策。本文第二章解釋了農村金融的概念和我國農村金融與社會主義新農村建設的關系，通過分析農村金融與社會主義新農村建設的契合點，以此證明社會主義新農村建設離不開農村金融的支持。第三章分析了美國、德國、日本三個典型國家的農村金融體制，通過研究上述國家農村金融發(fā)展的的寶貴經(jīng)驗，為我國農村金融體制的發(fā)展提供的有益借鑒。第四章從農村金融體系（分為農村正式金融組織和農村非正式金融組織）和農村金融法律制度兩個方面展開分析，其中農村正式金融組織以農業(yè)銀行、農業(yè)發(fā)展銀行、信用合作社為例，農村非正式金融組織以民間借貸、合會、地下錢莊與地下銀行為典型，剖析了農村金融體系的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀。在前文的基礎上，第五章提出從四個方面對我國農村金融體制進行改革與創(chuàng)新：一是農村金融組織制度的創(chuàng)新，分為重構農村合作金融制度，創(chuàng)新農村商業(yè)性金融制度，創(chuàng)新政策金融制度，規(guī)范和引導非正式金融。二是農村金融市場制度的創(chuàng)新，分為構建進退靈活的競爭性市場制度，加快利率市場化改革，建立農業(yè)保險市場體系。三是農戶融資制度的創(chuàng)新，分為改進金融機構對農戶的融資方式和發(fā)展商業(yè)性小額信貸。四是農村金融法律制度的創(chuàng)新，分為完善農村金融法律體系，以法律形式確認農村金融多元主體，促進有效競爭，完善農村金融的監(jiān)督與管理。
[Abstract]:As a large agricultural country, the development of agriculture plays a vital role in the overall economic development of the country, and rural finance is also a key link in the development of agriculture. Agriculture is a weak industry with a long investment cycle and high risk. The low return ratio leads directly to the lack of activity in the rural financial markets. At the same time, it also causes a serious shortage of capital supply in the rural financial market. The lagging development of the rural financial market restricts the advancement of the construction process of the new socialist countryside and the sustainable development of agriculture. In the process of the development of the market economy, Finance determines the speed and efficiency of economic development. When the role of finance is limited, economic growth will face the problems of insufficient capital investment and inefficient allocation of financial resources. In the process of building a new socialist countryside in China, rural finance refers to all rural savings and reception. The opportunities for financing and risk reduction, as well as the relevant norms and systems, are the core of rural economic growth and development. In the context of the construction of a new socialist countryside, China's rural financial system needs to be reformed and innovated. Only in this way can the function of supporting agriculture of rural finance be better brought into play and the increasing demand of rural finance be met. Under the guidance of the theories of rural finance and the construction of new socialist countryside, this paper uses the qualitative and quantitative analysis methods to carry out the research, focusing on the current situation and problems of the rural financial system in China, and combining with the United States. The development experience of rural financial system in three typical countries, Germany and Japan, This paper puts forward the methods and countermeasures for the reform and innovation of rural financial system under the background of social construction of new countryside. The second chapter explains the concept of rural finance and the relationship between rural finance and the construction of new socialist countryside. By analyzing the confluence of rural finance and socialist new rural construction, it is proved that the construction of new socialist countryside can not be separated from the support of rural finance. Chapter three analyzes the rural financial systems of three typical countries, the United States, Germany and Japan. By studying the valuable experience of rural financial development in the above-mentioned countries, The fourth chapter analyzes the rural financial system (including rural formal financial organizations and rural informal financial organizations) and the rural financial legal system. Among them, the rural formal financial organizations take the Agricultural Bank, the Agricultural Development Bank, the Credit Union as an example, and the rural informal financial organizations take private lending, association, underground money banks and underground banks as the typical examples. On the basis of the above, the fifth chapter proposes to reform and innovate the rural financial system from four aspects: the first is the innovation of the rural financial organization system, which includes the reconstruction of the rural cooperative financial system. Innovating the rural commercial financial system, innovating the policy financial system, standardizing and guiding the informal finance. Secondly, the innovation of the rural financial market system is divided into constructing the flexible competitive market system, speeding up the reform of interest rate marketization. Establishing the agricultural insurance market system. Third, the innovation of peasant household financing system, which is divided into improving the financing mode of financial institutions to farmers and developing commercial micro-credit. Fourth, the innovation of rural financial legal system is divided into perfecting the rural financial legal system. The multiple subjects of rural finance should be confirmed in the form of law to promote effective competition and to perfect the supervision and management of rural finance.
【學位授予單位】：武漢工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.7

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