本文選題：中小微企業(yè)　切入點(diǎn)：融資　出處：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：世界各國(guó)都面臨著中小微企業(yè)“融資難”問(wèn)題,自2007年末金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)以來(lái),這一問(wèn)題更加突顯,中國(guó)也不例外。進(jìn)入2011年后,伴隨著全球和中國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇趨勢(shì)的日漸明朗,在通貨膨脹壓力不斷增大和銀行緊縮信貸規(guī)模的形勢(shì)下,“融資難”問(wèn)題迫使我國(guó)中小微企業(yè)面臨資金緊缺、流動(dòng)性緊張的危機(jī),這嚴(yán)重阻礙了我國(guó)中小微企業(yè)健康發(fā)展。由于中小微企業(yè)對(duì)提升我國(guó)就業(yè)水平、推動(dòng)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、促進(jìn)地區(qū)和農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展等具有積極作用,因而,“融資難”問(wèn)題在阻礙我國(guó)中小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的同時(shí),也間接地對(duì)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生巨大的負(fù)面影響。 由于中小微企業(yè)具有缺乏完整、真實(shí)的財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)表、缺少擔(dān)保品和保證人等先天弱勢(shì),絕大部分有融資需求的中小微企業(yè)無(wú)法從銀行等正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)獲得足額貸款。另外,由于我國(guó)市場(chǎng)中缺乏暢通的融資渠道和健全的融資服務(wù)體系,大多數(shù)被銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)拒之門(mén)外的中小微企業(yè)不得不承受民間借貸的高利率,這給它們帶來(lái)了巨大的生存壓力。 為尋求對(duì)中小微企業(yè)“融資難”問(wèn)題切實(shí)有效的解決方案,筆者認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)和分析了淡馬錫的“信貸工廠”模式和浙江泰隆商業(yè)銀行“三品、三表”模式,在總結(jié)成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)的同時(shí),加以創(chuàng)新,設(shè)計(jì)出了基于成都市場(chǎng)可實(shí)現(xiàn)持續(xù)發(fā)展的MM小額貸款公司的設(shè)計(jì)方案。設(shè)計(jì)方案主要內(nèi)容包括MM小額貸款公司的組織架構(gòu)、目標(biāo)客戶、貸款產(chǎn)品、授信分析、貸款利率定價(jià)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理、團(tuán)隊(duì)建設(shè)等。整個(gè)方案設(shè)計(jì)緊扣合法合規(guī)原則、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)收益相匹配原則和差異化原則,并通過(guò)MM小額貸款公司在成都市場(chǎng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的可行性分析和MM小額貸款公司貸款利率定價(jià)模型的可行性分析對(duì)設(shè)計(jì)方案的合理性進(jìn)行論證。 小額貸款公司是正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)的補(bǔ)充,與正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)相比而言,它能更好地滿足中小微企業(yè)“急、小、短、頻”的融資需求,因?yàn)?小額貸款公司具有比銀行等正規(guī)金融機(jī)構(gòu)更低的貸款要求和更短的放款等候時(shí)間。另外,相較于民間借貸,它在利率上又具有較為明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。小額貸款公司的這些優(yōu)勢(shì)會(huì)幫助小額貸款公司吸引大批的中小微企業(yè)客戶。因而,一旦小額貸款公司能實(shí)現(xiàn)自身的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,未來(lái),它將成為解決我國(guó)中小微企業(yè)“融資難”問(wèn)題的有效途徑,進(jìn)而推動(dòng)我國(guó)中小微企業(yè)、個(gè)體工商戶等經(jīng)濟(jì)主體大發(fā)展。 本文所設(shè)計(jì)的MM小額貸款公司在理論上具有可行性和可持續(xù)性,因而,MM小額貸款公司模式或這個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)中關(guān)于組織機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置、貸款利率定價(jià)、授信分析法、審批流程等方面的創(chuàng)新可以為在實(shí)際中設(shè)立小額貸款公司提供參考,本文設(shè)計(jì)方案具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:Countries in the world are facing the problem of "financing difficulties" for small and medium-sized enterprises, which has become even more prominent since the outbreak of the financial crisis in end of 2007, and China is no exception. With the trend of global and domestic economic recovery becoming clearer, in the situation of increasing inflationary pressure and tightening credit scale of banks, the problem of "financing difficulties" has forced small and medium-sized enterprises in China to face a shortage of funds. The crisis of tight mobility has seriously hindered the healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China. Because small and medium-sized enterprises play a positive role in raising the level of employment in China, promoting technological innovation, and promoting regional and rural economic development, etc. Therefore, the problem of "difficult financing" not only hinders the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, but also indirectly has a huge negative impact on the economic development of our country. Due to the lack of complete and true financial statements, the lack of collateral and guarantees, and the inherent weakness of SMEs, the vast majority of SMEs with financing needs are unable to obtain full loans from formal financial institutions such as banks. Due to the lack of unimpeded financing channels and sound financing service system in our country's market, most of the small and medium-sized enterprises which have been rejected by banks and other financial institutions have to bear the high interest rate of private lending, which has brought great pressure to their survival. In order to find a practical and effective solution to the problem of "financing difficulty" in small and medium-sized enterprises, the author has studied and analyzed the "credit factory" model of Temasek and the "three products, three tables" model of Zhejiang Tai long Commercial Bank. At the same time of summing up the successful experience and innovating, the design scheme of MM Microloan Company which can realize sustainable development based on Chengdu market is designed. The main content of the design scheme includes the organizational structure of MM Microloan Company, the target customers, Loan products, credit analysis, loan interest rate pricing, risk management, team building, etc. Through the feasibility analysis of MM microfinance company in Chengdu market sustainable development and the feasibility analysis of MM microfinance company loan interest rate pricing model, the rationality of the design scheme is demonstrated. Microfinance companies are complementary to formal financial institutions. Compared with formal financial institutions, they are better able to meet the "urgent, small, short and frequent" financing needs of small and medium-sized enterprises, because, Microfinance companies have lower loan requirements and shorter loan waiting times than formal financial institutions such as banks. In addition, compared to private lending, It also has obvious advantages in interest rates. These advantages of microfinance companies will help them attract a large number of small and medium-sized microenterprise customers. Thus, once the microfinance companies can achieve their own sustainable development, the future, It will become an effective way to solve the problem of "financing difficulty" in the middle and small enterprises of our country, and then promote the development of the economic main bodies such as small and medium-sized enterprises, individual industrial and commercial households in our country. The MM micro-loan company designed in this paper is theoretically feasible and sustainable, so the model of MM micro-loan company or this design is concerned with organization setting, loan interest rate pricing, credit analysis. The innovation of examination and approval process can provide reference for setting up micro-loan company in practice. The design of this paper has some practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F832.4

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