本文選題：浙江農(nóng)村　切入點(diǎn)：借貸　出處：《浙江財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以來，國家對民國經(jīng)濟(jì)史的研究日益重視，對農(nóng)村金融關(guān)系的研究逐步成為近年來對民國時期農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)以及社會問題研究中，特別重要的一環(huán)。在農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中，農(nóng)村借貸是近現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)民生活資金保障的重要融通途徑，其往往通過個人或農(nóng)村金融組織得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。從晚清開始，整個長江中下游地區(qū)，農(nóng)村地區(qū)的金融命脈掌握在地主、官僚手中，私人高利貸占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位，與傳統(tǒng)的金融機(jī)構(gòu)如錢莊、典當(dāng)?shù)�，共同組成了農(nóng)村地區(qū)的借貸網(wǎng)絡(luò)。二十世紀(jì)二三十年代，受到自然災(zāi)害、戰(zhàn)爭等多方面因素的影響，長江中下游省份的農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)處于崩潰邊緣，農(nóng)村金融枯竭、農(nóng)民負(fù)債現(xiàn)象普遍且負(fù)債金額較高，高利貸泛濫猖獗，其中浙江省也不例外。為了緩和不斷激發(fā)的社會矛盾和沖突，南京國民政府積極籌辦建立現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融體系，建立合作社、新式農(nóng)業(yè)銀行等機(jī)構(gòu)，以圖開創(chuàng)新式農(nóng)村金融網(wǎng)絡(luò)，使得現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融得以發(fā)展起來。但在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展落后的農(nóng)村，新式金融體系并沒有完全取代傳統(tǒng)金融，，而是出現(xiàn)了二者并存的局面，使得傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)村金融與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)村金融呈現(xiàn)出錯綜復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。 二十世紀(jì)二三十年代浙江農(nóng)村，幾乎處于整個借貸關(guān)系的籠罩之下，農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活對借貸活動有著強(qiáng)烈的普遍性和依賴性。而二十世紀(jì)二三十年代浙江農(nóng)村最重要的金融機(jī)構(gòu)典當(dāng)，數(shù)量眾多，但是分布卻并不平衡，本文通過分析典當(dāng)活躍于民間農(nóng)村的歷史條件，對浙江當(dāng)?shù)氐洚?dāng)業(yè)的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行探討研究，論述其在當(dāng)時浙江農(nóng)村借貸關(guān)系下所發(fā)揮的重要作用，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，通過研究傳統(tǒng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)衰落的表現(xiàn)，揭示了農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活的日益貧困對金融機(jī)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生的負(fù)面影響，同時對金融機(jī)構(gòu)與農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的相互影響展開分析，再現(xiàn)二三十年代傳統(tǒng)金融機(jī)構(gòu)在農(nóng)家借貸關(guān)系下的發(fā)展歷程和歷史地位。此外，本文對浙江農(nóng)村其他兩類金融機(jī)構(gòu)做了詳細(xì)介紹，以農(nóng)村合作社和農(nóng)業(yè)銀行作為新式金融機(jī)構(gòu)的代表，詳盡充分地探討了其在農(nóng)民生產(chǎn)生活中所日益興起的重要作用，在此基礎(chǔ)上，對農(nóng)村合作社與農(nóng)業(yè)銀行對農(nóng)民借貸關(guān)系產(chǎn)生的影響，以及二者的功能與不足進(jìn)行了深入研究。 本文綜合運(yùn)用歷史學(xué)與經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的方法，通過采用歷史實(shí)證、比較研究等方式，從微觀和宏觀兩個方面，還原民國時期浙江農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)面貌。在廣泛搜集相關(guān)史料基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、社會學(xué)等相關(guān)理論與方法，分析論證二十世紀(jì)二三十年代浙江農(nóng)村高利貸關(guān)系下，典當(dāng)、合作社、農(nóng)業(yè)銀行等金融機(jī)構(gòu)的重要?dú)v史地位。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the state has paid more and more attention to the study of the economic history of the Republic of China, and the study of rural financial relations has gradually become a particularly important part of the study of rural economy and social problems during the period of the Republic of China in recent years. Rural lending is an important way of financing for modern agricultural production and farmers' livelihood funds, which is often realized through individuals or rural financial organizations. Since the late Qing Dynasty, the whole middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River have been covered. The financial lifelines in rural areas are held by landlords, bureaucrats, and private usury. Together with traditional financial institutions such as money banks and pawns, they form a lending network in rural areas. In the 1920s and 1930s, Affected by natural disasters, wars and other factors, the rural economy of the provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is on the verge of collapse, the rural finance is dry up, the phenomenon of farmers' debt is widespread and the amount of debt is high, and the flood of usury is rampant. Zhejiang Province is no exception. In order to ease the social contradictions and conflicts incessantly aroused, the Nanjing National Government actively prepared to set up a modern rural financial system, co-operatives, new-style agricultural banks, and other institutions, in order to create a new rural financial network. But in the backward rural areas, the new financial system has not completely replaced the traditional finance, but there is a situation where the two exist side by side. Traditional rural finance and modern rural finance show a complex relationship. In 20th century, Zhejiang rural areas in the 1920s and 1930s were almost shrouded in the whole lending relationship. Farmers' production and life have a strong universality and dependence on lending activities. But in 20th century, Zhejiang's most important financial institutions in rural areas pawned in large numbers, but the distribution was uneven. By analyzing the historical conditions of pawnbroking in the folk countryside, this paper probes into the characteristics of local pawnbroking in Zhejiang Province, and discusses its important role in the relationship between lending and lending in Zhejiang rural areas at that time, and on this basis, By studying the decline of traditional financial institutions, this paper reveals the negative impact of the increasing poverty of farmers' production and life on financial institutions, and analyzes the interaction between financial institutions and rural economy. The history and historical status of the traditional financial institutions in the 1920s and 1930s under the relationship of farm loans and loans are reproduced. In addition, this paper gives a detailed introduction to the other two types of financial institutions in Zhejiang rural areas. With rural cooperatives and agricultural banks as representatives of new types of financial institutions, the important role of rural cooperatives and agricultural banks in the growing production and life of farmers is discussed in detail and fully, and on this basis, The effects of rural cooperatives and agricultural banks on the relationship between farmers' loans and loans, as well as their functions and shortcomings, are studied in depth. This paper synthetically applies the methods of history and economics, through the methods of historical demonstration and comparative research, from the micro and macro aspects. In the period of the Republic of China Zhejiang rural economy. On the basis of extensive collection of relevant historical data, combined with rural economics, sociology and other relevant theories and methods, this paper analyzes and demonstrates the relationship between loan usury in Zhejiang rural areas in 20th century, pawn, and so on. Cooperatives, agricultural banks and other financial institutions an important historical position.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.9

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