本文關(guān)鍵詞： 對(duì)外直接投資 國(guó)家特定優(yōu)勢(shì) 宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng) 投資促進(jìn)體系　出處：《南開(kāi)大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化使得各國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)主動(dòng)或被動(dòng)地參與到了國(guó)際分工和交換之中,各國(guó)和各地區(qū)之間的商品、資本、技術(shù)以及信息的加速流動(dòng),極大地推動(dòng)了資源在全世界范圍之內(nèi)的有效配置。跨國(guó)直接投資現(xiàn)已成為推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要因素之一,任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都不可能僅依靠自身的資源、資金、技術(shù)或市場(chǎng)來(lái)謀求發(fā)展,走國(guó)際化經(jīng)營(yíng)的道路己經(jīng)成為必然選擇�？鐕�(guó)直接投資發(fā)展至今,其研究主要是基于跨國(guó)直接投資對(duì)東道國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響,而對(duì)投資母國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響關(guān)注比較少,投資母國(guó)的對(duì)外投資政策因素也未能有效納入研究的框架。然而投資國(guó)對(duì)外投資政策的制定對(duì)于投資的規(guī)模、區(qū)位、行業(yè)、投資方式及所有制形式有著重要的影響。20世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái),隨著國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)格局的重大變動(dòng),各國(guó)在鼓勵(lì)國(guó)外資本流入的同時(shí),逐漸放松對(duì)本國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的管制,并積極采取措施鼓勵(lì)對(duì)外直接投資活動(dòng),這一方面對(duì)跨國(guó)投資理論提出了新的挑戰(zhàn),另一方面也對(duì)對(duì)外直接投資的實(shí)證研究提出了要求。 我國(guó)利用外資的方式已經(jīng)從“引進(jìn)來(lái)”為主,逐步轉(zhuǎn)向“引進(jìn)來(lái)”和“走出去”并舉,“走出去”成為中國(guó)企業(yè)積極利用國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外兩種資源參與經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的必然選擇。但是由于歷史、制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平等多方面的原因,導(dǎo)致中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資在理論和實(shí)踐上仍然存在許多誤區(qū)和空白,因此本文力圖對(duì)中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資進(jìn)行深入而系統(tǒng)的探討。雖然傳統(tǒng)的和發(fā)展中國(guó)家的FDI理論具有一定的解釋力,但由于受到經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境、所有權(quán)優(yōu)勢(shì)、治理結(jié)構(gòu)或者政策因素的影響,中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資具有相對(duì)獨(dú)立性,迫切需要新的理論和方法予以解釋。對(duì)中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的研究有利于豐富和推進(jìn)發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)外直接投資理論,為相關(guān)學(xué)者提供理論參考,為中國(guó)政府提供政策建議,為中國(guó)企業(yè)提供實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)。本文圍繞這一重大主題,提出了國(guó)家特定優(yōu)勢(shì)理論,為我國(guó)企業(yè)的對(duì)外直接投資構(gòu)建了理論框架。并從經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、貿(mào)易、就業(yè)、技術(shù)進(jìn)步、以及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等方面測(cè)度了對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)中國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響,然后在總結(jié)分析我國(guó)投資促進(jìn)措施的基礎(chǔ)之上,提出完善我國(guó)投資促進(jìn)措施的對(duì)策建議。 本文的研究主要分為以下六個(gè)部分： 文獻(xiàn)綜述部分,主要沿著發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和發(fā)展中國(guó)家國(guó)際投資理論兩條主線(xiàn),對(duì)當(dāng)今主要的國(guó)際直接投資理論做了簡(jiǎn)要回顧與述評(píng),并在此基礎(chǔ)上回顧了中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的理論探索以及發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)外投資理論研究的新進(jìn)展。對(duì)現(xiàn)有對(duì)外直接投資理論基礎(chǔ)的回顧,有助于在方法與思路方而為研究中國(guó)的對(duì)外直接投資提供借鑒。 現(xiàn)狀分析部分,通過(guò)對(duì)中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的發(fā)展歷程、對(duì)外投資的現(xiàn)狀、對(duì)外投資的動(dòng)因及對(duì)外投資的難題的分析,通過(guò)回顧力求從整體上把握中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的演變及總體特征,為中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資母國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)的研究提供現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。 理論研究部分,認(rèn)為國(guó)家特定優(yōu)勢(shì)是解釋中國(guó)企業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資的理論依據(jù),并從動(dòng)力機(jī)制、經(jīng)營(yíng)保障機(jī)制、行為主體機(jī)制三個(gè)方面予以解釋,在現(xiàn)有理論的基礎(chǔ)上構(gòu)建了適合我國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資動(dòng)機(jī)和戰(zhàn)略的理論框架。 機(jī)理分析部分,在總結(jié)現(xiàn)有研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,從貿(mào)易、就業(yè)、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、技術(shù)進(jìn)步、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整等宏觀角度,分析了對(duì)外直接投資對(duì)母國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響機(jī)制,為實(shí)證分析提供理論依據(jù)。 實(shí)證研究部分是本文的核心,對(duì)中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資的貿(mào)易效應(yīng)、就業(yè)效應(yīng)、技術(shù)進(jìn)步效應(yīng)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整效應(yīng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析,并對(duì)東部、中部、西部地區(qū)的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行了比較研究。得到以下結(jié)論：在貿(mào)易、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方面,對(duì)外直接投資有比較顯著的拉動(dòng)作用。但在技術(shù)進(jìn)步和就業(yè)方面,對(duì)外直接投資雖然起到了促進(jìn)作用,但是效果不理想。對(duì)外直接投資的母國(guó)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)一般在東部地區(qū)比中西部地區(qū)更為明顯。 對(duì)策建議部分,根據(jù)中國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資促進(jìn)措施的實(shí)施情況,在借鑒國(guó)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)之上,提出完善我國(guó)對(duì)外直接投資促進(jìn)措施的對(duì)策建議,體現(xiàn)了本文的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義與價(jià)值。具體包括：設(shè)立統(tǒng)一管理機(jī)構(gòu),完善法律保障體系；加強(qiáng)對(duì)外投資財(cái)政金融扶持；完善投資信息咨詢(xún)和技術(shù)援助；完善投資保險(xiǎn)及知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保障機(jī)制；構(gòu)建多元化投資格局。
[Abstract]:The economic globalization makes the world economy actively or passively involved in the international division of labor and exchange among countries and regions are commodities, capital, technology and accelerate the flow of information, greatly promoting the efficient allocation of resources within the whole world. Foreign direct investment has become one of the important factors to promote the growth of the world economy. Any country can not only rely on their own resources, capital, technology and market development, take the road of internationalization has become the inevitable choice of the development of transnational direct investment. So far, the research is mainly based on the FDI impact on economy of host country, and less impact on the economy of the investing country concerned the factors of foreign investment policies, investment can not effectively into the research framework. However, making foreign investment policy for investment in the scale of investment, location, With the.20 industry, in 80s affected important investment and ownership, with significant changes in the international economy, countries in encouraging foreign capital inflows at the same time, gradually relaxed on its foreign direct investment regulation, and actively take measures to encourage foreign direct investment on the one hand, put forward new challenges on the theory of transnational investment, on the other hand, the empirical research on foreign direct investment requirements.
China's utilization of foreign capital has been mainly from the "Introduction", to "bring in" and "going out" and "going out" to become Chinese enterprises to actively use the domestic and foreign two kind of resources involved in the inevitable choice of economic globalization. But because of history, system, the reasons of economic development level. Lead Chinese foreign direct investment still exist many problems in theory and practice, this paper tries to in-depth and systematic study on Chinese foreign direct investment. Although the traditional FDI theory and the developing countries have some explanatory power, but due to the economic environment, the impact of governance structure or ownership advantages, policy factors, Chinese foreign direct investment is relatively independent, in urgent need of new theory and method are explained. China research on foreign direct investment is conducive to enrich and promote Developing foreign direct investment theory, provide a theoretical reference for the relevant scholars, provide policy advice to the government Chinese, to provide practical guidance for enterprises. China this paper focuses on the major theme, put forward the specific advantage theory, constructing a theoretical framework for foreign direct investment of Chinese enterprises. And the economic growth, trade, employment, technology progress and adjustment of industrial structure to measure the impact of foreign direct investment on the basis of China macro economy, then summarized the analysis of China's investment promotion measures, proposed consummates our country investment promotion countermeasure measure.
The research of this paper is divided into six parts:
The part of literature review, mainly along the developed and developing countries in international investment theory of the two main line, made a brief review and comment on the theory of direct investment in today's main international, and on the basis of review of the theoretical exploration Chinese of foreign direct investment and new progress in the study of the theory of foreign investment in developing countries. On the basis of reviewing the existing theory of foreign direct investment that helps in methods and ideas and for the study of foreign direct investment China to provide reference.
The analysis of the present situation, through the course of development of China foreign direct investment, foreign investment situation, problem analysis of reasons for foreign investment and foreign investment, through reviewing the evolution and strive to grasp the general characteristics of China foreign direct investment as a whole, provide a realistic basis for research on the macroeconomic effects of China foreign direct investment.
The part of theoretical research, that country specific advantage is the theoretical basis for the interpretation of foreign direct investment China enterprises, and from the power mechanism, operation mechanism, three aspects of behavior of the main mechanism is explained, based on the existing theory and constructed the theoretical framework for China's motivation and strategy of foreign direct investment.
In the part of mechanism analysis, on the basis of summarizing the existing research results, from the macro perspective of trade, employment, economic growth, technological progress and industrial structure adjustment, this paper analyzes the mechanism of the impact of outward FDI on the macroeconomy of the home country, and provides a theoretical basis for empirical analysis.
The part of empirical research is the core of this paper, the employment effect of the trade effect of foreign direct investment, China, technical progress, industrial structure adjustment effect, economic growth effect is analyzed, and the eastern, central and western regions of the macroeconomic effects are studied. We get the following conclusions: in the trade, the adjustment of industrial structure and the economic growth, foreign direct investment has a more significant role in stimulating. But in technological progress and employment, foreign direct investment has played a role, but the effect is not ideal. The home country macro economic effects of foreign direct investment in general in the eastern region than the central and western regions is more obvious.
The suggestion part, according to the Chinese foreign direct investment to promote the implementation of measures, based on international experience, put forward to perfect China's Foreign Direct Investment Promotion Countermeasures measures, reflects the significance and value of this article. Including: the establishment of a unified management mechanism, improve the legal system of foreign investment; strengthen the fiscal and financial support improve the investment; information consultation and technical assistance; perfect investment insurance and intellectual property protection mechanism; constructing the diversified investment pattern.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開(kāi)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F279.2;F832.6

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