本文關鍵詞：我國小額貸款公司信用評級指標體系研究　出處：《陜西師范大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 小額貸款公司 信用評級 指標體系 構建

【摘要】：信用是市場經(jīng)濟發(fā)展到一定階段的產(chǎn)物,是經(jīng)濟關系建立的基礎條件之一,如果一個社會中的經(jīng)濟主個體都不遵守信用,那么良好的市場經(jīng)濟秩序就無法建立,人類社會就無法更好的發(fā)展。實際上市場經(jīng)濟的發(fā)達程度越高,對市場交易主體的信用程度要求就越高。在當今的市場經(jīng)濟中,信用起著重要作用,它可以促進商品流通,可以極大的降低交易成本,可以提升資本活動在社會經(jīng)濟中的效率改善投資環(huán)境加速資本的積累、擴張和周轉,從而帶動整個社會經(jīng)濟的飛速發(fā)展。 我國自上世紀90年代開始引進小額貸款的模式,2005年開始小額貸款機構的商業(yè)化試點,2008年5月8日,中國銀行業(yè)監(jiān)督管理委員會和中央銀行聯(lián)合發(fā)布《關于小額貸款公司試點的指導意見》(以下稱《指導意見》)后,小額貸款公司如雨后春筍般在全國生長起來。據(jù)人民銀行《2012年小額貸款公司數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計報告》顯示,截至2012年12月末,全國共有小額貸款公司6080家,貸款余額5921億元,全年新增貸款2005億元。小額貸款公司是服務“三農(nóng)”和小微企業(yè)的非銀行金融機構,主要解決農(nóng)戶小額貸款和小微企業(yè)融資難的問題�！吨笇б庖姟钒l(fā)布已經(jīng)5年了,時至今日,小額貸款公司在飛速發(fā)展的同時也面臨著諸多的問題：如非法集資、非法吸收公眾存款、洗錢、發(fā)放高利貸,違規(guī)操作,企業(yè)運營能力差,從業(yè)人員素質低下等。與此同時在小額貸款公司的監(jiān)管層面上也存在著諸多問題,一方面監(jiān)管機構資源有限難以面面俱到,全國很多地市級區(qū)域小額貸款公司已經(jīng)成立運營多年,但是地市級的金融辦卻尚未成立或是剛成立不具備監(jiān)管能力,監(jiān)管的職責都是由財政局、工商局或是人民銀行當?shù)氐姆种C構代為執(zhí)行；另一方面監(jiān)管機構的監(jiān)管手段單一、乏力,基本停留在行政準入、注冊和審核方面,對于小額貸款公司經(jīng)營風險的掌控存在嚴重的信息不對稱和滯后性,多是出了問題才開始研究風險,出臺對策。因此對小額貸款公司引入第三方獨立信用評級是一個揭示其風險的不錯的監(jiān)管手段。小額貸款公司是一個高風險行業(yè),在日益重視信用的當今社會,如何客觀揭示小額貸款公司的信用狀況就顯得尤為重要。構建一個合理、可行的小額貸款公司評級指標體系勢在必行。本論文主要是就小額貸款公司的自身特點構建一個具備合理性和可行性的信用評級指標體系。論文主要包括五部分,第一部分為緒論部分,主要介紹研究背景、研究意義、研究思路和國內外文獻綜述；第二部分主要介紹小額貸款公司信用評級的基本理論與方法；第三部分構建小額貸款公司評級指標體系,主要闡述構建思路、指標體系及權重等內容；第四部分為實證分析部分,主要通過具體實例來闡明本指標體系的現(xiàn)實有效性；第五部分為論文總結部分,總結了論文研究成果、不足及對未來研究的展望。
[Abstract]:Credit is the product of the development of market economy to a certain stage, is one of the basic conditions for the establishment of economic relations, if the main economic individuals in a society do not abide by credit, then a good market economic order can not be established. Human society can not develop better. In fact, the higher the developed level of the market economy, the higher the credit requirement of the market trading subject. In today's market economy, credit plays an important role. It can promote the circulation of commodities, can greatly reduce transaction costs, can improve the efficiency of capital activities in the social economy to improve the investment environment to accelerate the accumulation, expansion and turnover of capital. So as to drive the rapid development of the entire social economy. Since -10s, our country began to introduce the model of micro-credit, and in 2005, we started the pilot of commercialization of micro-credit institutions, May 8th 2008. The China Banking Regulatory Commission and the Central Bank jointly issued the guidelines on pilot projects of Microcredit companies (hereinafter referred to as the "guidance opinions"). Microfinance companies are springing up all over the country. According to the statistics report of the people's Bank of China on 2012, the end of December of 2012. There are 6,080 micro-loan companies, with a balance of 592.1 billion yuan and 200.5 billion yuan in new loans for the year. Microfinance companies are non-bank financial institutions that serve the "three rural areas" and small and micro enterprises. It has been five years since the issuance of the guiding opinion, and it is now today. Microfinance companies in the rapid development at the same time also face many problems: such as illegal fund-raising, illegal absorption of public deposits, money-laundering, loansharking, illegal operations, poor business operation. At the same time, there are many problems in the supervision of microfinance companies. On the one hand, the limited resources of regulatory bodies are difficult to cover all aspects. Many prefecture-level regional microfinance companies have been established and operated for many years, but the prefecture-level financial office has not been established or has not been established to have the ability to supervise, the responsibility of supervision is by the Finance Bureau. The Trade and Industry Bureau or the local branch of the people's Bank of China shall act on their behalf; On the other hand, the regulatory means of the regulatory body is single, weak, basically stay in the administrative access, registration and audit, there is serious information asymmetry and lag in the control of the management risk of micro-credit companies. Most of the problems before the study of risk. Therefore the introduction of third-party independent credit rating to microfinance companies is a good regulatory means to reveal their risks. Microfinance companies are a high-risk industry in the increasing importance of credit in today's society. How to objectively reveal the credit status of microfinance companies is particularly important. It is imperative to establish a feasible credit rating index system for microfinance companies. This paper is mainly to construct a reasonable and feasible credit rating index system based on the characteristics of microfinance companies. The paper mainly consists of five parts. . The first part is the introduction part, mainly introduces the research background, the research significance, the research thought and the domestic and foreign literature review; The second part mainly introduces the basic theory and method of credit rating of micro-loan company. The third part is to construct the rating index system of micro-loan company, mainly expatiate the idea of construction, index system and weight, etc. Part 4th is the part of empirical analysis, mainly through specific examples to clarify the effectiveness of this indicator system; Part 5th is the summary of the thesis, which summarizes the research results, shortcomings and prospects for future research.
【學位授予單位】：陜西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.39

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本文編號：1361145