【摘要】：2013年8月15日,國(guó)家電網(wǎng)公司印發(fā)電能替代實(shí)施方案,倡導(dǎo)“以電代煤、以電代油,電從遠(yuǎn)方來(lái),來(lái)的是清潔電”的能源消費(fèi)新模式,不斷提高電能占終端能源消費(fèi)比重,推進(jìn)社會(huì)節(jié)能減排,促進(jìn)電能清潔替代。實(shí)施電能替代戰(zhàn)略,可以減少城市大氣污染,解決棄風(fēng)、棄光新能源資源浪費(fèi)的困境。電能替代是轉(zhuǎn)變能源發(fā)展方式、實(shí)現(xiàn)能源戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)型、實(shí)施能源革命的重大舉措。全面實(shí)施電能替代、提高電氣化水平,對(duì)于解決棄風(fēng)、棄光的消納,優(yōu)化能源結(jié)構(gòu)、防治大氣污染、提高新能源的利用水平至關(guān)重要。本文結(jié)合2016年5月國(guó)家發(fā)改委發(fā)布的《關(guān)于推進(jìn)電能替代的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》(發(fā)改能源[2016]1054號(hào))和電能替代十三五規(guī)劃,以棄風(fēng)、棄光現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重為背景,首先對(duì)中國(guó)能源消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)與不同用戶的用能特性進(jìn)行梳理,在總體分析我國(guó)用煤、用油、用氣結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)后,對(duì)我國(guó)新能源的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行研究,明確棄風(fēng)、棄光形成原因與開(kāi)展電能替代的迫切性。其次,對(duì)電能替代內(nèi)涵、政策進(jìn)行梳理,結(jié)合全壽命周期、臨界電價(jià)等相關(guān)理論,分別采用不考慮初始投資的運(yùn)行成本分析法和考慮初始投資的基于全壽命周期的年費(fèi)用分析法構(gòu)建了兩種臨界電價(jià)測(cè)算模型,并以G省為例,將測(cè)算出的臨界銷售電價(jià)與現(xiàn)行目錄電價(jià)比較,以對(duì)建筑采暖領(lǐng)域、生產(chǎn)制造領(lǐng)域、交通領(lǐng)域以及居民用戶電力消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域中的替代方案進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)評(píng)價(jià)。然后,基于用戶電能替代設(shè)備壽命周期內(nèi)的現(xiàn)金流量,從減少投資費(fèi)用、運(yùn)營(yíng)成本的經(jīng)濟(jì)角度出發(fā),提出“2+3+6”鏈?zhǔn)酱傩履茉措娔芴娲傮w模式,進(jìn)而對(duì)建筑采暖、生產(chǎn)制造、交通運(yùn)輸以及電力供應(yīng)與消費(fèi)領(lǐng)域的四大類用戶提出具體的電能替代模式并從政府、電網(wǎng)公司、新能源發(fā)電企業(yè)等不同社會(huì)主體的角度,構(gòu)建“主體+要素+時(shí)間+空間”多維角度的落地機(jī)制,促進(jìn)新能源的消納。
[Abstract]:On August 15, 2013, the State Grid Company issued and issued a new energy consumption plan, advocating a new energy consumption pattern of "replacing coal with electricity, replacing oil with electricity, and electricity coming from afar," in order to continuously increase the proportion of electric energy in the terminal energy consumption. Promote social energy saving and emission reduction, promote clean substitution of electric energy. The implementation of electric energy substitution strategy can reduce urban air pollution and solve the problem of waste of new energy resources. Electric energy substitution is an important measure to change the mode of energy development, realize the transformation of energy strategy and implement the energy revolution. The overall implementation of electric energy substitution and the improvement of electrification level are very important to solve the problem of abandoning wind, eliminating light, optimizing energy structure, preventing and controlling air pollution, and improving the utilization level of new energy. This paper combines the National Development and Reform Commission's guidelines on the Promotion of Power substitution (No. 1054 of Energy Development and Reform) and the 13th Five-Year Plan of Electric Energy substitution issued in May 2016. The background is the abandonment of wind and the serious phenomenon of light loss. First of all, the energy consumption structure of China and the characteristics of different users are combed. After the overall analysis of the characteristics of coal, oil and gas structure in China, the development status of new energy in China is studied, and the development of new energy is clearly abandoned. The reason of abandoning light and the urgency of developing electric energy substitution. Secondly, combing the connotation and policy of electric power substitution, combining the theory of whole life cycle, critical electricity price and so on, Two kinds of critical electricity price models are constructed by using the operation cost analysis method without considering the initial investment and the annual cost analysis method based on the whole life cycle considering the initial investment, and taking G province as an example. The calculated critical selling price is compared with the current catalog price in order to evaluate the alternative schemes in the field of building heating, production and manufacture, transportation and consumer electricity consumption. Then, based on the cash flow in the life cycle of the power substitution equipment, and from the economic point of view of reducing the investment cost and operating cost, the "236" chain mode of promoting new energy and power substitution is put forward, and then the heating of the building is made. Four major categories of users in the fields of production, manufacturing, transportation, power supply and consumption put forward specific modes of electricity substitution and from the perspective of different social entities such as government, power grid companies, new energy generation enterprises, etc. Construct the landing mechanism of multi-dimensional angle of subject element time and space to promote the absorption of new energy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 張文韜;黃鑌;王秀麗;印永華;黨燦;侯孚睿;;基于多狀態(tài)新能源發(fā)電模擬的日運(yùn)行方式及調(diào)峰安排研究[J];電網(wǎng)技術(shù);2015年08期

2 韓越雪;;淺談電能替代工作面臨的問(wèn)題及對(duì)策[J];科技創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用;2015年20期

3 王峰;周玨;;港口岸電電能替代技術(shù)與效益分析[J];電力需求側(cè)管理;2015年03期

4 曾鳴;舒彤;史慧;李博;歐陽(yáng)邵杰;薛萬(wàn)磊;;兼顧分布式發(fā)電商利益的有源配電網(wǎng)規(guī)劃[J];電網(wǎng)技術(shù);2015年05期

5 呂泉;李玲;朱全勝;王海霞;劉嬈;李衛(wèi)東;;三種棄風(fēng)消納方案的節(jié)煤效果與國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)性比較[J];電力系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)化;2015年07期

6 楊冰;王麗芳;廖承林;吉莉;董鳳宇;;不確定充電習(xí)慣對(duì)電動(dòng)汽車(chē)充電負(fù)荷需求及充電負(fù)荷調(diào)節(jié)的影響[J];電工技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào);2015年04期

7 孫文文;劉純;何國(guó)慶;馮凱輝;趙偉然;;基于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間序列仿真的分布式新能源發(fā)電優(yōu)化規(guī)劃[J];電網(wǎng)技術(shù);2015年02期

8 張婧;張建中;;電能替代的市場(chǎng)推廣策略及實(shí)施[J];電力需求側(cè)管理;2015年01期

9 劉純;黃越輝;張楠;禮曉飛;劉德偉;姚姣;;基于智能電網(wǎng)調(diào)度控制系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)平臺(tái)的新能源優(yōu)化調(diào)度[J];電力系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)化;2015年01期

10 金瑋;;加快農(nóng)村地區(qū)電能替代的步伐[J];中國(guó)電力企業(yè)管理;2014年22期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 尹航;節(jié)能減排環(huán)境下電能替代其他能源評(píng)價(jià)方法研究[D];華北電力大學(xué);2013年

，

本文編號(hào)：2395439