【摘要】：我國(guó)面臨嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)保形勢(shì),需要大力發(fā)展清潔能源,系統(tǒng)中可再生能源占比日益增大;但可再生能源發(fā)電具有間歇性、隨機(jī)性和反調(diào)節(jié)特性,這在一定程度上加大了系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行的不穩(wěn)定性,使得系統(tǒng)中需要較多的靈活電源。燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組具有啟停迅速、運(yùn)行靈活的特點(diǎn),而且其相較燃煤機(jī)組具有污染物排放少的環(huán)保優(yōu)勢(shì),使得燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組成為電力系統(tǒng)中靈活電源的理想選擇。目前我國(guó)燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組的發(fā)電成本仍然相對(duì)較高,而現(xiàn)有的電價(jià)機(jī)制不能保證燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組回收成本并獲得合理利潤(rùn),此外我國(guó)目前尚在發(fā)展但并不完善的電力市場(chǎng)機(jī)制也不利于燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組在現(xiàn)有電力市場(chǎng)中獲得收益,這都大大影響了燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組發(fā)電的積極性。因此,我國(guó)迫切地需要建立科學(xué)的燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組電價(jià)機(jī)制,以此激勵(lì)燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組為電網(wǎng)提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù),為電網(wǎng)接納更多比例的可再生能源提供有利的條件。為了保證燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組的公平合理收益,論文提出了能夠適應(yīng)我國(guó)當(dāng)前電力系統(tǒng)現(xiàn)狀和電力市場(chǎng)化水平的燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組兩部制電價(jià)機(jī)制。論文首先分析了燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組的技術(shù)性優(yōu)勢(shì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)性特點(diǎn),并與燃煤機(jī)組的經(jīng)濟(jì)性和環(huán)保性做了對(duì)比;其次在分析了燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組的變動(dòng)和固定成本的基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)了燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組的兩部制電價(jià),容量電價(jià)基于模糊聚類分類定價(jià),電量電價(jià)通過電力市場(chǎng)參與競(jìng)價(jià)。其中容量電價(jià)依據(jù)經(jīng)營(yíng)期電價(jià)理論,建立了燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組容量電價(jià)模型,并在該模型的基礎(chǔ)上,應(yīng)用模糊聚類原理,構(gòu)建基于模糊聚類的燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組容量電價(jià)模型,使得機(jī)組定價(jià)擺脫“一機(jī)一價(jià)”模式,而是制定同類機(jī)組共用同一價(jià)格的激勵(lì)性容量電價(jià),促進(jìn)機(jī)組提高發(fā)電效率;電量電價(jià)方面,本文分別給出了機(jī)組參與電能量市場(chǎng)和輔助服務(wù)市場(chǎng)的報(bào)價(jià)模型和策略。最后本文分別針對(duì)燃?xì)鈾C(jī)組基于模糊聚類的分類容量電價(jià)計(jì)算和參與市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的電量電價(jià)的算例進(jìn)行分析,驗(yàn)證了所提出模型和方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Facing the severe environmental protection situation, China needs to vigorously develop clean energy, the proportion of renewable energy in the system is increasing, but renewable energy generation has the characteristics of intermittent, randomness and anti-regulation. This increases the instability of the system to a certain extent and makes the system need more flexible power supply. Gas turbine has the characteristics of quick start and stop, flexible operation, and it has the advantage of less pollutant emission than coal-fired unit, which makes gas unit an ideal choice for flexible power supply in power system. At present, the generation cost of gas generating units in our country is still relatively high, but the existing electricity price mechanism can not guarantee the recovery cost of gas units and obtain reasonable profits. In addition, the electricity market mechanism which is still developing but not perfect in our country is not conducive to the profit of gas generating units in the existing electricity market, which greatly affects the enthusiasm of gas generating units. Therefore, our country urgently needs to establish the scientific gas unit electricity price mechanism, in order to stimulate the gas unit to provide the high quality service for the grid, provides the advantageous condition for the grid to accept more renewable energy sources. In order to ensure the fair and reasonable income of gas generating units, this paper puts forward a two-part electricity pricing mechanism which can adapt to the current situation of power system and the level of electricity marketization in China. Firstly, the paper analyzes the technical advantages and economic characteristics of gas units, and compares them with the economic and environmental protection of coal-fired units; secondly, on the basis of analyzing the changes and fixed costs of gas units, The two-part electricity price of gas unit is designed, the capacity price is based on fuzzy clustering classification pricing, and the electricity price participates in the bidding through the electricity market. Based on the theory of electricity price in operation period, the capacity price model of gas unit is established. Based on the model, the capacity price model of gas unit based on fuzzy clustering is constructed by applying the fuzzy clustering principle. Instead of the "one machine, one price" model, the unit pricing can set the incentive capacity price of the same kind of unit, which can promote the generation efficiency of the unit and increase the electricity price. In this paper, the bidding models and strategies for generating units to participate in electric energy market and auxiliary service market are given respectively. Finally, this paper analyzes the calculation of classified capacity price based on fuzzy clustering and the example of electricity price which participates in the market competition, and verifies the validity of the proposed model and method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)(北京)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61

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