本文選題：建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目 + 采購模式��； 參考：《石家莊鐵道大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國多個(gè)重大工程受到全球矚目,這也意味著我國開始邁向建設(shè)大國,彰顯了我國在工程建設(shè)中的實(shí)力。但同時(shí),建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目在施工作業(yè)中仍存在采購不規(guī)范、采購成本居高不下的狀況,工程總成本降低成為難題。雖然供應(yīng)鏈采購模式已得到廣泛應(yīng)用,但仍依賴傳統(tǒng)采購模式,采購模式在具體應(yīng)用中也存在一系列問題,這都制約了我國建設(shè)工程的高速發(fā)展。論文在建設(shè)工程迅猛發(fā)展的背景下,借鑒了大量文獻(xiàn)以及學(xué)者的研究,總結(jié)國內(nèi)外采購模式相關(guān)的理論和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),就優(yōu)化建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目物資采購模式開展研究,以采購成本的降低為目的,給出建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目物資采購模式的優(yōu)化改進(jìn)方案。首先,歸納采購模式的概念并對其分類,詳述建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目物資采購的含義、特點(diǎn)、類別及其重要性,介紹引入供應(yīng)鏈理念的建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目的采購特點(diǎn)。其次,分析傳統(tǒng)建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目物資采購,介紹傳統(tǒng)采購中常見的問題;分析建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目物資采購模式,以供應(yīng)鏈采購模式為主,圍繞集中采購、JIT采購和供應(yīng)商管理庫存采購三種模式展開論述,闡明以上模式的特征和適用條件,歸納對比其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn);分析說明建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目實(shí)施供應(yīng)鏈物資采購模式的必要性。將降低采購成本作為出發(fā)點(diǎn),提出建設(shè)工程項(xiàng)目物資采購模式優(yōu)化的思路及目標(biāo),具體包括應(yīng)用卡拉杰克矩陣對物資分類并構(gòu)建物資定位模型,熵權(quán)法計(jì)算;將灰色-層次關(guān)聯(lián)分析法用于供應(yīng)商選優(yōu);集中采購、JIT采購和供應(yīng)商管理庫存采購三種供應(yīng)鏈采購模式結(jié)合應(yīng)用與采購活動中,應(yīng)用構(gòu)建的采購成本計(jì)算模型,作業(yè)成本法計(jì)算,得出該方案能達(dá)成采購成本降低的目的。最后,以某標(biāo)段項(xiàng)目采購活動為例,介紹其項(xiàng)目概況、采購現(xiàn)狀及問題,應(yīng)用上述模型,列舉11種物資對其分類和定位,以鋼筋采購為例對鋼筋供應(yīng)商選優(yōu)。算例得出優(yōu)化后的三種采購模式聯(lián)合應(yīng)用的采購總成本要小于現(xiàn)有采購模式下的采購總成本,進(jìn)而提出該標(biāo)段項(xiàng)目物資采購模式優(yōu)化方案實(shí)施的對策。
[Abstract]:In recent years, many major projects in our country have attracted worldwide attention, which also means that our country has begun to move towards a large country of construction, which shows the strength of our country in engineering construction. But at the same time, the construction project in the construction work still exists the procurement non-standard, the procurement cost is high, the project total cost reduces becomes the difficult problem. Although the supply chain procurement model has been widely used, it still relies on the traditional procurement model, and there are a series of problems in the specific application of the procurement model, which restricts the rapid development of construction projects in China. Under the background of the rapid development of construction engineering, this paper draws lessons from a large number of literature and scholars, summarizes the relevant theoretical and practical experience of procurement model at home and abroad, and studies the optimization of material procurement model of construction project. In order to reduce the purchasing cost, the optimization and improvement scheme of material purchasing mode of construction project is given. First of all, the concept and classification of procurement model are summarized, and the meaning, characteristics, categories and importance of material procurement of construction projects are described in detail, and the purchasing characteristics of construction engineering projects with the concept of supply chain are introduced. Secondly, it analyzes the traditional construction project material procurement, introduces the common problems in the traditional procurement, analyzes the construction project material procurement model, mainly in the supply chain procurement mode, Focusing on the three modes of centralized purchasing JIT procurement and supplier management inventory purchasing, the characteristics and applicable conditions of the above models are expounded, and their advantages and disadvantages are summarized and compared. The necessity of implementing supply chain material purchase mode for construction project is analyzed. This paper takes the reduction of purchasing cost as the starting point, and puts forward the idea and goal of optimizing the material purchasing mode of construction project, including the material classification and material positioning model based on Karajak matrix, and the calculation of entropy weight method. The gray-AHP method is applied to the selection of suppliers, and the three supply chain procurement modes, centralized purchasing JIT and supplier management inventory procurement, are applied in combination with the procurement activities, and the procurement cost calculation model is constructed. Activity-Based costing (ABC) calculation shows that this scheme can achieve the purpose of reducing purchasing cost. Finally, taking the purchasing activities of a certain segment project as an example, this paper introduces the general situation of the project, the status quo and problems of the procurement, applies the above model, enumerates 11 kinds of materials to classify and locate them, and takes the steel bar purchase as an example to select the steel bar supplier. An example shows that the total cost of the combined application of the three optimal procurement modes is lower than the total cost of the existing procurement model, and then puts forward the countermeasures for the implementation of the optimization scheme of the material procurement mode of the segment project.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F274;F426.92

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