本文選題：環(huán)境因素 + 危險源��； 參考：《東南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：風(fēng)險評價及風(fēng)險控制是現(xiàn)代企業(yè)項目管理的重要支撐技術(shù),核心目的是使企業(yè)盡量避免或減小損失,將威脅轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)會,實現(xiàn)良性發(fā)展。最近十年以來,伴隨環(huán)境污染事件、安全事故及職業(yè)性疾病帶來的負(fù)面效應(yīng)越來越突出,環(huán)境和職業(yè)健康安全相關(guān)的風(fēng)險評價與控制對于企業(yè)的生存與發(fā)展顯得越來越重要。目前絕大多數(shù)企業(yè)對于環(huán)境和職業(yè)健康安全的風(fēng)險管理是基于已建立的IS014001環(huán)境管理體系和OHSAS18001職業(yè)健康安全管理體系的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行和開展,環(huán)境因素和危險源的風(fēng)險評價形成了兩種相對獨立,又高度相似的評價體系。但是,當(dāng)前國內(nèi)外的文獻(xiàn)理論大多分別針對環(huán)境因素和危險源的風(fēng)險評價的方法優(yōu)化展開研究,很少涉及綜合風(fēng)險評價體系的理論研究。因此,如何開發(fā)和設(shè)計一個適用于企業(yè)的環(huán)境和安全風(fēng)險綜合評價方法,具有極其重大的現(xiàn)實意義。本文在綜合分析國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,以V汽車公司的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營活動為研究對象,借鑒化工工藝的風(fēng)險評價模型,建立基于改進(jìn)"道化學(xué)指數(shù)評價法"理論的企業(yè)環(huán)境因素和危險源風(fēng)險綜合評價模型,揭示環(huán)境和職業(yè)健康安全風(fēng)險管理的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系,為企業(yè)準(zhǔn)確評價風(fēng)險,并采取應(yīng)對措施提供決策的重要依據(jù)。論文將主要從以下三個方面展開:1、通過查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料,研究環(huán)境因素和危險源在風(fēng)險識別和風(fēng)險評價方面的相關(guān)性和相異性,發(fā)現(xiàn)在風(fēng)險識別方面,二者具有較高的相似度和可融合性,具備綜合識別的可行性;在風(fēng)險評價方面,國內(nèi)的研究結(jié)果主要集中在以下三個方面,一是以安全風(fēng)險評價為基礎(chǔ),融入環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價的內(nèi)容,二是特定行業(yè)的環(huán)境安全風(fēng)險矩陣法的建立,三是化工工業(yè)的危險物質(zhì)環(huán)境安全風(fēng)險評價模型。這三個方面的研究表明,當(dāng)前成熟的環(huán)境和安全風(fēng)險綜合評價方法主要研究對象是化學(xué)物質(zhì),這為進(jìn)一步開發(fā)適用于汽車工業(yè)的綜合風(fēng)險評價模型奠定了基礎(chǔ);2、通過對綜合風(fēng)險評價方法的選擇所考慮因素的分析、適用性分析來確定綜合風(fēng)險評價方法的設(shè)計原則,并比較現(xiàn)有化工工業(yè)綜合風(fēng)險評價方法的優(yōu)缺點,得出結(jié)論:采用基于"道化學(xué)指數(shù)評價法"理論進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的綜合風(fēng)險評價模型是項目管理風(fēng)險管理理論在化工工業(yè)的延伸和擴(kuò)展,可作為V汽車公司的環(huán)境因素和危險源風(fēng)險綜合評價法;3、采用基于"道化學(xué)指數(shù)評價法"理論進(jìn)行改進(jìn)的方法作為V汽車公司的環(huán)境因素和危險源風(fēng)險綜合評價法的研究,包括基礎(chǔ)系數(shù)(BF)、工藝危險系數(shù)(PF)和技術(shù)補(bǔ)償系數(shù)(C)的設(shè)計,定量風(fēng)險評價公式的設(shè)計及風(fēng)險等級劃分準(zhǔn)則的定義三個核心內(nèi)容。該方法系數(shù)的設(shè)計原則充分結(jié)合了汽車工業(yè)的行業(yè)特性和V公司的實際情況,風(fēng)險評價的準(zhǔn)確度較好,值得在汽車工業(yè)進(jìn)行推廣。兩大環(huán)境和安全管理體系工具都將進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的版本更新和升級,兩大標(biāo)準(zhǔn)均要求組織更加注重風(fēng)險管理和控制的方法,強(qiáng)調(diào)創(chuàng)新和持續(xù)改進(jìn);其次,強(qiáng)調(diào)管理體系的融合性,即未來組織的管理體系都將采用相同的框架結(jié)構(gòu)和基本要素,未來趨勢是鼓勵企業(yè)建立環(huán)境因素和危險源的整合識別與評價的方法,以提高企業(yè)管理效率,減少不必要的浪費。企業(yè)無論是為了應(yīng)對環(huán)境管理體系和職業(yè)健康安全管理體系新版標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的變化,還是出于提高自身風(fēng)險管理水平的考慮,進(jìn)行企業(yè)環(huán)境因素和危險源風(fēng)險評價體系整合與優(yōu)化的理論研究,具有重要的研究價值與現(xiàn)實意義。但是,目前由于僅有化工與化學(xué)品相關(guān)行業(yè),以及電鍍、硫酸等具有重大環(huán)境安全隱患的行業(yè)對環(huán)境和安全綜合風(fēng)險評價方法提出了明確要求,其它行業(yè),如汽車、機(jī)械制造、電子等傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)幾乎沒有建立環(huán)境和職業(yè)健康安全綜合風(fēng)險評價制度的成熟方案和案例。本文建議,各行業(yè)和企業(yè)應(yīng)盡快開展環(huán)境和安全綜合評價體系的策劃和實施工作,以應(yīng)對新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的變化并不斷提高風(fēng)險管理水平。
[Abstract]:Risk assessment and risk control are important support technologies in modern enterprise project management. The core purpose is to make enterprises avoid or reduce losses as much as possible and transform threats into opportunities and achieve benign development. In the last ten years, the negative effects of environmental pollution incidents, safety accidents and occupational diseases have become more and more prominent, environment and occupation. Risk assessment and control related to health and safety are becoming more and more important for the survival and development of enterprises. At present, the risk management of environmental and occupational health and safety in most enterprises is based on the established IS014001 environmental management system and the OHSAS18001 occupational health and safety management system. Risk assessment of hazard sources has formed two relatively independent and highly similar evaluation systems. However, most of the current literature theories at home and abroad are focused on the optimization of the methods of risk assessment for environmental and hazard sources, and rarely involve the theory of the comprehensive risk assessment system. Therefore, how to develop and design a suitable application for the development and design of the risk assessment system. The comprehensive evaluation method of enterprise environment and safety risk is of great practical significance. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of the current research situation at home and abroad, this paper takes the production and operation activities of V automobile company as the research object and draws on the risk evaluation model of chemical technology, and establishes the enterprise environment based on the improved "Road chemical index evaluation method" theory. The comprehensive evaluation model of risk factors and risk sources reveals the internal relationship between the risk management of environment and occupational health and safety, and provides an important basis for the enterprise to evaluate the risk accurately and take measures to provide decision-making. The thesis will be mainly carried out from the following three aspects: 1, through consulting relevant documents, the paper studies the environmental factors and risk sources in the risk knowledge. The correlation and dissimilarity between the risk assessment and the risk assessment show that in the risk identification, the two have high similarity and fusion, and have the feasibility of comprehensive identification. In the risk assessment, the domestic research results are mainly concentrated in the following three aspects, one is based on the safety risk assessment and is integrated into the environmental risk assessment. The two is the establishment of the risk matrix method of environmental safety in specific industries and the three is the risk assessment model of hazardous material environmental safety in chemical industry. The study of the three aspects shows that the main research object of the comprehensive evaluation method of the present mature environment and safety risk is the chemical material, which is to further develop the comprehensive wind suitable for the automobile industry. The risk evaluation model lays the foundation; 2, through the analysis of factors considered in the selection of comprehensive risk evaluation methods, the applicability analysis to determine the design principles of the comprehensive risk evaluation method, and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the existing synthetic risk evaluation method of chemical industry, and draw a conclusion that the improvement of the theory based on the "Road chemical index evaluation method" is improved. The comprehensive risk evaluation model is the extension and expansion of the project management risk management theory in the chemical industry. It can be used as the comprehensive evaluation method of the environmental factors and risk sources risk of V automobile company. 3, the improved method based on the theory of "Road chemical index evaluation" is adopted as the comprehensive evaluation method of environmental factors and risk sources risk of V Automobile Company The research includes the basic coefficient (BF), the design of the technological risk coefficient (PF) and the technical compensation coefficient (C), the design of the quantitative risk assessment formula and the definition of the risk grade division criterion. The design principle of this method fully combines the industry characteristics of the automobile industry and the actual situation of the V company, and the accuracy of the risk assessment. Well, it is worth promoting in the automobile industry. The two major environmental and safety management system tools will be updated and upgraded by standard versions. The two major standards require organizations to pay more attention to risk management and control, emphasize innovation and continuous improvement. Secondly, the integration of management systems will be emphasized, that is, the management system of future organizations will be adopted. With the same framework and basic elements, the future trend is to encourage enterprises to establish an integrated identification and evaluation method of environmental factors and hazard sources so as to improve the efficiency of enterprise management and reduce unnecessary waste. The theoretical research on the integration and optimization of the enterprise environmental factors and risk assessment system is of great value and practical significance. However, the environment and safety of the industry, such as chemical and chemical related industries, and electroplating, sulfuric acid, etc. The comprehensive risk assessment method has put forward a clear requirement. Other industries, such as automobiles, machinery manufacturing, electronics and other traditional industries, have hardly established the mature plans and cases of the comprehensive risk assessment system for environmental and occupational health and safety. This paper suggests that the industry and enterprises should plan and implement the comprehensive evaluation system of environment and safety as soon as possible. Work to cope with changes in new standards and continuously improve risk management levels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.471

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 杜歡永;;職業(yè)衛(wèi)生定性風(fēng)險評價方法的研究[J];中國安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù);2009年04期

2 朱東升;黃Oz;胡海蘭;;環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價的進(jìn)展[J];職業(yè)與健康;2009年14期

3 王韜;陳全;;OHSMS實施過程中作業(yè)條件危險性評價法的應(yīng)用研究[J];天津理工大學(xué)學(xué)報;2009年02期

4 馬昕;張貝克;李欣龍;;蒙德安全評價法的改進(jìn)及其計算機(jī)實現(xiàn)[J];中國安全生產(chǎn)科學(xué)技術(shù);2009年01期

5 李偉東;趙東風(fēng);趙朝成;;環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價與安全風(fēng)險評價的相關(guān)性研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與管理;2008年08期

6 林嗣豪;王治明;唐文娟;王綿珍;蘭亞佳;王培席;;職業(yè)危害風(fēng)險指數(shù)評估方法的初步研究[J];中華勞動衛(wèi)生職業(yè)病雜志;2006年12期

7 趙東風(fēng);李偉東;任建國;;環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價與安全風(fēng)險評價在評價理論上的相關(guān)性問題研究[J];安全與環(huán)境工程;2006年04期

8 杜鎖軍;;國內(nèi)外環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價研究進(jìn)展[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與管理;2006年05期

9 趙宏展;徐向東;;危險源的概念辨析[J];中國安全科學(xué)學(xué)報;2006年01期

10 李茵;初始環(huán)境評審中環(huán)境因素的識別和評價方法[J];環(huán)境污染與防治;2002年01期

，

本文編號：1901183