發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-11 19:51

  本文選題：電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè) + 技術(shù)發(fā)展��； 參考：《南京理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著能源短缺、環(huán)境污染問(wèn)題的日益嚴(yán)重,電動(dòng)汽車憑借其環(huán)保、節(jié)能的特點(diǎn)受到越來(lái)越多的關(guān)注。2009年以來(lái),我國(guó)汽車產(chǎn)銷量均排名世界第一,龐大的汽車保有量給環(huán)境與能源造成了巨大的壓力。因此,發(fā)展電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)于保障我國(guó)能源安全、提升環(huán)境質(zhì)量、進(jìn)而實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)涉及技術(shù)種類繁多,且不同技術(shù)的發(fā)展水平大相徑庭。因此,結(jié)合我國(guó)國(guó)情和電動(dòng)汽車技術(shù)自身的特點(diǎn),制定合理的技術(shù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,是我國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要保障。美國(guó)早在上世紀(jì)70年代就將電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)提升到國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略層面,已形成較為完善的產(chǎn)業(yè)體系,且作為全球最大的電動(dòng)汽車市場(chǎng),日本、德國(guó)等電動(dòng)汽車強(qiáng)國(guó)的車企均在美國(guó)布局了大量的專利,一定程度上代表了全球電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)最先進(jìn)的技術(shù)發(fā)展水平。本文基于專利信息對(duì)中美兩國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的歷程及趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行研究,比較兩國(guó)技術(shù)演化的差異,對(duì)于我國(guó)制定電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略具有重要的參考價(jià)值。本文以我國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)為研究對(duì)象,將美國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)作為參照,基于專利文本挖掘技術(shù),結(jié)合IPC分布情況對(duì)中美兩國(guó)不同時(shí)間段電動(dòng)汽車的技術(shù)熱點(diǎn)與演化趨勢(shì)進(jìn)行識(shí)別和分析,縱向研究我國(guó)自身電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的過(guò)程,橫向比較兩國(guó)技術(shù)發(fā)展的差異。研究結(jié)果顯示,近年來(lái),我國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展迅速,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈逐步完善;非核心技術(shù)領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)新能力強(qiáng),在零部件制造、裝配等領(lǐng)域申請(qǐng)了大量專利;核心技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的研發(fā)起步較晚,專利數(shù)量較少;產(chǎn)業(yè)集中度低,沒(méi)有形成技術(shù)寡頭企業(yè)。在中美專利比較分析的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合SWOT分析法,總結(jié)我國(guó)電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)、劣勢(shì)和外部環(huán)境的機(jī)會(huì)、威脅,從政府、產(chǎn)業(yè)和企業(yè)三個(gè)層面為我國(guó)制定電動(dòng)汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略提出以下建議:近期應(yīng)重點(diǎn)發(fā)展插電式混合動(dòng)力汽車,將燃料電池汽車作為中長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展目標(biāo);設(shè)立電池基礎(chǔ)研究扶持基金,重點(diǎn)資助電池電極材料、電解質(zhì)材料等基礎(chǔ)技術(shù)的研發(fā);組建產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新戰(zhàn)略聯(lián)盟,形成區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)集群,集中力量突破產(chǎn)業(yè)核心技術(shù);構(gòu)建鋰離子電池專利聯(lián)盟,避免企業(yè)陷入專利叢林;企業(yè)和高水平大學(xué)組建產(chǎn)學(xué)研聯(lián)盟,降低企業(yè)研發(fā)成本;利用后發(fā)優(yōu)勢(shì),強(qiáng)化國(guó)外鋰離子電池先進(jìn)技術(shù)的引進(jìn)消化吸收再創(chuàng)新。
[Abstract]:With the shortage of energy and the increasingly serious problem of environmental pollution, more and more attention has been paid to electric vehicles with the characteristics of environmental protection and energy saving. Since 2009, China's automobile production and sales have ranked first in the world.The huge amount of cars has put great pressure on the environment and energy.Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop electric vehicle industry to ensure energy security, improve environmental quality and realize sustainable development in China.Electric vehicle industry involves a wide variety of technologies, and the level of development of different technologies vary greatly.Therefore, it is an important guarantee for the development of electric vehicle industry to formulate a reasonable strategy of technology development according to the national conditions of our country and the characteristics of electric vehicle technology itself.As early as the 1970s, the United States promoted the electric vehicle industry to the national strategic level, forming a relatively perfect industrial system, and as the largest electric vehicle market in the world, Japan,The automobile enterprises of Germany and other powerful electric vehicle countries have distributed a large number of patents in the United States, which to some extent represents the most advanced technology development level of the electric vehicle industry in the world.Based on the patent information, this paper studies the history and trend of the technology development of electric vehicle industry between China and the United States, and compares the differences of technology evolution between the two countries. It has important reference value for China to formulate the technology development strategy of electric vehicle industry.This paper takes the electric vehicle industry of our country as the research object, takes the American electric vehicle industry as the reference, based on the patent text mining technology,Combined with the distribution of IPC, this paper identifies and analyzes the technical hotspots and evolution trends of electric vehicles in China and the United States in different periods, studies the technological development process of our country's own electric vehicle industry vertically, and compares the differences of technology development between the two countries horizontally.The research results show that in recent years, the electric vehicle industry in China has developed rapidly, the industrial chain has been gradually improved, the innovation ability in non-core technology field has been strong, and a large number of patents have been applied in the fields of parts manufacturing and assembly, etc.The research and development of core technology started late, the number of patents was less, the degree of industrial concentration was low, and no oligopoly of technology was formed.On the basis of comparative analysis of patents between China and the United States, combined with SWOT analysis, this paper sums up the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats from the government of China's electric vehicle industry.The following suggestions are put forward in the three aspects of industry and enterprise: in the near future, we should focus on the development of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, taking fuel cell vehicles as the medium and long-term development goals;Establish the battery basic research support fund, focus on the battery electrode materials, electrolyte materials and other basic technology research and development; set up a strategic alliance of industrial technology innovation, form a regional industrial cluster, concentrate on breaking through the industrial core technology;To build a patent alliance for lithium ion batteries to avoid falling into the patent jungle; to set up an industry, university and research alliance with high-level universities to reduce R & D costs; and to take advantage of the advantages of latecomer.To strengthen the introduction of advanced technology of lithium ion batteries abroad, digestion, absorption and innovation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.471

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