本文關(guān)鍵詞： 工業(yè)用戶 新能源 需求響應(yīng) 激勵(lì)機(jī)制 效果評(píng)估　出處：《東北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：實(shí)現(xiàn)能源的清潔替代和電能替代已成為我國(guó)能源發(fā)展的必然趨勢(shì),然而由于新能源的隨機(jī)性與波動(dòng)性使得其并網(wǎng)消納成為一大難題。日益增大的電力負(fù)荷峰谷差不僅嚴(yán)重威脅了電網(wǎng)安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)地運(yùn)行,還增加了發(fā)電企業(yè)的投資成本與運(yùn)行成本,而電力用戶可以通過改變用電行為調(diào)節(jié)電力系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷。實(shí)施需求響應(yīng)能夠鼓勵(lì)電力用戶根據(jù)電價(jià)信號(hào),主動(dòng)減少或增加用電的強(qiáng)度,只要電力用戶的響應(yīng)電量能夠均衡新能源的并網(wǎng)電量、響應(yīng)速度能夠應(yīng)對(duì)新能源的功率變化,就能夠在促進(jìn)電力的供需平衡的基礎(chǔ)上促進(jìn)新能源消納。本文以工業(yè)用戶為研究對(duì)象,旨在提出一種能夠促進(jìn)工業(yè)用戶參與需求響應(yīng)項(xiàng)目、并在需求響應(yīng)過程中盡可能多地消納新能源的激勵(lì)機(jī)制。為此,首先全面梳理了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者在需求響應(yīng)領(lǐng)域的研究成果,并對(duì)我國(guó)新能源開發(fā)利用概況、需求響應(yīng)相關(guān)理論以及系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)相關(guān)理論進(jìn)行了闡述。其次,在掌握我國(guó)工業(yè)用戶需求響應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)鋼鐵行業(yè)、機(jī)械行業(yè)、有色金屬行業(yè)與化工行業(yè)等重點(diǎn)工業(yè)行業(yè)的用電特點(diǎn)及負(fù)荷特性進(jìn)行了深入分析,得出了其需求響應(yīng)潛力以及影響其參與需求響應(yīng)項(xiàng)目的影響因素,并探討了工業(yè)用戶在需求響應(yīng)過程中參與新能源消納的可行性。然后,通過繪制工業(yè)用戶、電網(wǎng)公司、發(fā)電企業(yè)與政府部門四個(gè)參與主體之間的利益聯(lián)動(dòng)關(guān)系分析圖,提出外部激勵(lì)補(bǔ)貼與內(nèi)部效益共享并駕齊驅(qū)的激勵(lì)機(jī)制,并選取需求響應(yīng)用戶參與度、可避免峰荷比例等評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),借助Vensim軟件構(gòu)建了需求響應(yīng)項(xiàng)目仿真分析方程。最后,以吉林地區(qū)工業(yè)用戶為仿真分析對(duì)象,分無外部激勵(lì)補(bǔ)貼無內(nèi)部效益共享、有外部激勵(lì)補(bǔ)貼無內(nèi)部效益共享以及無外部激勵(lì)補(bǔ)貼有內(nèi)部效益分享三種情景進(jìn)行模擬,使激勵(lì)機(jī)制得到了進(jìn)一步的完善,并評(píng)估了需求響應(yīng)項(xiàng)目不同情景下的實(shí)施效果,提出針對(duì)性的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:The realization of clean energy substitution and electric energy substitution has become the inevitable trend of energy development in China. However, due to the randomness and volatility of new energy, it becomes a difficult problem to connect to the grid. The increasing power load peak and valley difference not only seriously threatens the security of power grid, but also runs economically. It also increases the investment cost and operation cost of the power generation enterprise, and the power user can adjust the load of the power system by changing the power consumption behavior. The implementation of the demand response can encourage the power user to actively reduce or increase the intensity of the electricity according to the electricity price signal. As long as the response capacity of the power user can balance the grid-connected power of the new energy source, the response speed can cope with the power change of the new energy source. In order to promote the balance between supply and demand of electric power, the new energy consumption can be promoted. In this paper, we take industrial users as the research object and propose a project to promote the participation of industrial users in demand response. And in the process of demand response as much as possible to absorb the incentive mechanism of new energy. For this reason, the first comprehensive review of domestic and foreign scholars in the field of demand response research results, and the development and utilization of new energy in China. The theory of demand response and the theory of system dynamics are expounded. Secondly, on the basis of mastering the current situation of industrial customer demand response in China, the iron and steel industry, machinery industry, The characteristics of power consumption and load characteristics of key industries such as non-ferrous metal industry and chemical industry are analyzed in depth. The demand response potential and the factors influencing its participation in demand response projects are obtained. The paper also discusses the feasibility of industrial users participating in new energy consumption in the process of demand response. Then, by drawing the analysis chart of the relationship between the four main bodies of industrial users, power grid companies, power generation enterprises and government departments, In this paper, the incentive mechanism of external incentive subsidy and internal benefit sharing is put forward, and the evaluation indexes such as demand response user participation, peak load ratio can be avoided are selected, and the simulation analysis equation of demand response project is constructed with the help of Vensim software. Finally, the simulation analysis equation of demand response project is constructed with the help of Vensim software. Taking the industrial users in Jilin area as the simulation object, there are three kinds of simulation scenarios: no external incentive subsidy, no internal benefit sharing, no external incentive subsidy, no internal benefit sharing, and no external incentive subsidy and no internal benefit sharing. The incentive mechanism is further improved, and the implementation effect of the demand response project under different scenarios is evaluated, and corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F424

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