本文關(guān)鍵詞： 智能電網(wǎng) 需求響應(yīng) 實時電價 積分制 需求彈性　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展進(jìn)步,電力在社會經(jīng)濟(jì)中的地位越來越重要,尤其進(jìn)入信息技術(shù)革命之后,電力已經(jīng)成為人們的日常生活工作中必不可少的一部分。電力市場健康、穩(wěn)定、可持續(xù)的發(fā)展為人們的工作生活提供了保障。進(jìn)入二十世紀(jì)七十年代之后,為應(yīng)對日益增長的電力需求,世界各國紛紛進(jìn)行電力市場改革,轉(zhuǎn)變原來的國家“生產(chǎn)-傳輸-銷售”垂直一體的壟斷經(jīng)營模式,在電力市場中引入競爭元素。2002年我國進(jìn)行電力體制改革,提出“抓住中間、放開兩頭”的改革策略,即放開發(fā)電市場與售電市場,抓住電網(wǎng)傳輸這個中間環(huán)節(jié)。鼓勵民間資本進(jìn)入發(fā)電和售電市場,開發(fā)多種形式的發(fā)電與售電方式。智能電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展為電力市場的改革注入了新的活力,智能電網(wǎng)智能的整合了發(fā)電商、傳輸電網(wǎng)、零售商及用戶各方的利益,尋求社會效益的最大化,為電力市場各環(huán)節(jié)的改革提供了技術(shù)支持。智能電表和能源管理系統(tǒng)是實施需求響應(yīng)的技術(shù)基礎(chǔ),零售商與用戶的積極參與是實施需求響應(yīng)的最終目標(biāo)。本文主要研究需求響應(yīng)中實時電價對用戶用電行為的影響。首先介紹了需求響應(yīng)的概念及其分類,以及國內(nèi)外需求響應(yīng)的發(fā)展歷程及現(xiàn)狀,并進(jìn)行了對比分析。其次建立了基于零售側(cè)和需求側(cè)效益的目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型,以零售商利益和用戶效用之和最大化為目標(biāo)函數(shù),限制條件中加入需求彈性及用戶的響應(yīng)程度,代入加拿大安大略省的實時用電量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,分析在沒有補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制下的實時電價對用戶用電行為的影響,結(jié)果顯示用戶會隨著電價的波動改變自己的用電行為來減少電費支出,用戶的響應(yīng)程度影響零售商的利益及電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。第三建立了基于用戶用電費用和滿意度的單目標(biāo)優(yōu)化模型,以用戶的用電費用和用電滿意度之和最小化為目標(biāo)函數(shù),限制條件中加入需求彈性和積分制,利用江蘇省某縣的實時用電量數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬,探求積分補(bǔ)貼下的實時電價對用戶用電行為的影響。積分制的加入提高了用戶參與需求響應(yīng)的積極性,用戶在考慮用電費用的同時達(dá)到電網(wǎng)負(fù)荷削峰填谷的目的。最后對全文的工作做了總結(jié),為我國電力市場需求側(cè)改革改革提出政策建議。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, electric power is becoming more and more important in the social economy. Especially after entering the information technology revolution, electric power has become an indispensable part of people's daily life. The sustainable development provides the guarantee for people's working life. After 1970s, in order to cope with the increasing demand for electricity, countries all over the world have carried out the reform of the electricity market one after another. In 2002, China carried out the reform of electric power system and put forward the reform strategy of "grasping the middle and opening the two ends", which changed the original monopoly mode of "production-transmission-sale" vertical integration in the country, and introduced the competitive element into the electricity market. That is, to open up the power generation market and the electricity sale market, to seize the intermediate link of transmission of the power grid, and to encourage private capital to enter the power generation and electricity sale markets. The development of smart grid has injected new vitality into the reform of power market. Smart grid intelligently integrates the interests of generators, transmission networks, retailers and users. In order to maximize social benefits, it provides technical support for the reform of various links in the electricity market. Intelligent ammeter and energy management system are the technical basis for implementing demand response. The active participation of retailers and users is the ultimate goal of implementing demand response. This paper mainly studies the effect of real time electricity price in demand response on user's electricity consumption behavior. Firstly, the concept and classification of demand response are introduced. The development history and current situation of demand response at home and abroad are analyzed. Secondly, the objective optimization model based on retail and demand-side benefits is established, which takes the sum of retailer benefits and user utility as the objective function. The demand elasticity and the response degree of the user are added to the restriction condition, and the real-time electricity consumption data in Ontario, Canada, are added to the numerical simulation to analyze the influence of the real-time electricity price without subsidy mechanism on the consumer's electricity consumption behavior. The results show that users will change their electricity behavior with the fluctuation of electricity price to reduce the cost of electricity. The response degree of the user affects the interests of the retailer and the stability of the power system. Thirdly, a single-objective optimization model based on the user's consumption cost and satisfaction is established. The objective function is to minimize the sum of the user's consumption cost and satisfaction. The demand elasticity and integral system are added to the restricted conditions, and the real time power consumption data of a county in Jiangsu Province are used to carry out numerical simulation. To find out the effect of the real time electricity price under the integral subsidy on the user's electricity consumption behavior. The addition of the integral system improves the enthusiasm of the user to participate in the demand response. At the same time, the users can reduce the peak load and fill the valley at the same time. Finally, the paper summarizes the work of the paper, and puts forward some policy suggestions for the reform of the demand side of our country's electricity market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F426.61

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本文編號：1506467