科學博客研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-04-02 06:34
【摘要】：科學傳播作為以提高公民科學素養(yǎng),實現個人、社會、自然和諧發(fā)展為目的的全民終身科學教育和互動過程,自貝爾納于20世紀30年代正式提出以來,一直受到科學界、教育界、新聞界的廣泛關注。在我國公民科學素養(yǎng)相對較低的現狀下,如何高效進行科學傳播,切實實現科學傳播的最終目標——提高公民科學素養(yǎng),恐怕是現今學界最關切的問題之一,也是本研究的重點和目標。本研究以互聯網時代的科學博客為研究對象,從STS和傳播學的視角,系統(tǒng)探討了科學博客作為新型的科學傳播媒介,在彌補傳統(tǒng)大眾傳媒不足,實現對話型、民主型科學傳播模式方面的可能。同時針對科學博客傳播過程中的問題和隱憂進行了分析,并提出了建設性的對策和措施。研究圍繞科學博客傳播的三大要素即傳播主體、客體、受眾展開研究,并對其實現“民主型”科學傳播模式的可能進行了綜述。本論文共分五個章節(jié)：第一章,科學博客的內涵及特征�？茖W博客作為科學傳播的渠道之一,除具有博客技術的開放性、即時性、交互性、便捷性等特征外,同時兼具傳播主體的專業(yè)性、傳播內容的科學性、科學知識的建構性等特征。與傳統(tǒng)的科技期刊、電視科教欄目、數字出版平臺相比,科學博客具有五大獨特的功能：一是打造了科學知識的管理平臺,為科學知識的管理創(chuàng)建了新的模式：二是提供了科學研究的出版平臺,為科學工作者優(yōu)先出版創(chuàng)建了自媒體模式；三是建構了“無形學院”,為同行交流提供了跨時空的平臺；四是構建了公眾參與的平臺,為公眾理解科學、參與科學提供了可能。五是構建了科學新聞傳播者與公眾之間的交流、互動和合作平臺,為科學新聞的報道提供了新的模式。第二章,科學博客主體構成及獎勵機制。科學博客主體是科學信息的撰寫者和發(fā)布者,較之其他媒介的科學傳播主體,具有雙重性、專業(yè)性、實名性、去中心性等特征�？茖W博客主體通常由科學家精英層、高�？蒲腥藛T、科普工作者(科普作家、科學記者、科學編輯)等構成,他們一般以群體的方式聚居在特定的科學博客圈,以群體認同、群體規(guī)范、群體凝聚力維系著科學傳播和科學交流活動,為科學傳播貢獻著自己的力量。但由于科學工作者的時間因素、對寫作風險的認知、對博客技術的擔憂及科學政策等方面因素,使用人群還是較少。為激發(fā)科學工作者參與科學博客的積極性,應建立內外部有機結合的科學博客主體獎勵機制。第三章,科學博客客體構成及知識產權。科學博客客體是科學傳播主體直接展示給公眾的科學信息,是公眾認識科學、理解科學最核心的介質。按照不同的分類方法,科學博客客體可分為不同的類型,但科學博客客體最核心的傳播內容為科學,包括科學知識、科學思想、科學方法、科學精神、科學文化、科學政策等,這是其與其他類型博客最核心的區(qū)別。但是博客技術開放性的特征,也為科學工作者帶來了知識產權的風險。研究提出了保護知識產權的三個建議：即從政府層面健全科學博客立法體系,從社區(qū)層面建立嚴格的學術規(guī)范,從社會公眾層面樹立網絡維權意識,三位一體共同維護科學博客主體的知識產權。第四章,科學博客受眾構成及公民科學素養(yǎng)提升�？茖W博客開放性、交互性的特征,為公眾互動、平等、民主地參與科學傳播提供了可能,也使公眾兼具了傳受主體的同一性、信息選擇的自主性、自發(fā)參與的民主性等特征。科學博客為公眾理解科學、參與科學、共建科學提供了可能。但在現階段我國公民科學素養(yǎng)相對較低的狀況下,如何充分挖掘博客的科學傳播功能,拓寬科學傳播渠道,讓公眾多渠道參與科學活動是當務之急。研究提出,應借助科學博客平臺,整合傳統(tǒng)大眾傳媒和新媒體的優(yōu)勢,多媒介融合傳播科學；應依托科學博客平臺,聚集更多的科學愛好者傳播科學；應重視和鼓勵地方性科學的建立和傳播,共建科學傳播體系。第五章,“民主型”科學傳播模式的實現�？茖W技術的發(fā)展帶來了媒介技術的嬗變,而媒介技術的嬗變帶來了科學傳播形式的變化。Web2.0時代博客技術的出現,為科學傳播進入對話型、民主型傳播模式提供了可能。然而在科學博客的運行和發(fā)展過程中,由新媒介運行所帶來的科學家精英層缺失、同行評議缺失及把關人缺失等因素導致的公信力缺失,為科學博客的可持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來了潛在和顯性的危機。對于能夠負載其他大眾傳媒所不具備的交互式科學傳播的科學博客而言,要實現健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展,應樹立全面質量管理理念,建立科學編輯、同行專家、科學博主、公眾四位一體的學術質量控制體系,以保證科學博客公信力的提升。
[Abstract]:As a whole people's life science education and interaction process, which aims to improve the scientific literacy of the citizens and realize the harmonious development of the individual, the society and the natural, since the formal introduction of Berna in the 1930s, it has been widely concerned by the scientific community, the educational circles and the press. In the present situation of the relatively low Chinese citizen's scientific literacy, how to carry out the scientific communication with high efficiency and to realize the ultimate goal of scientific communication _ to improve the scientific literacy of the citizens is one of the most concerned problems in the current world, and the focus and objective of the study. This study, based on the scientific blog of the Internet era, discussed the scientific blog as a new type of scientific communication media from the perspective of STS and communication, and made possible to make up for the shortage of traditional mass media, and to realize the mode of dialogue and democracy. At the same time, the problems and worries in the process of scientific blog communication are analyzed, and the constructive countermeasures and measures are put forward. The three main elements of the study about the dissemination of scientific blog, namely, the subject, the object and the audience, are studied, and the possibility of realizing the "democracy type" scientific communication model is reviewed. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter, the connotation and characteristics of the scientific blog. As one of the channels of scientific communication, the scientific blog, in addition to the features of openness, immediacy, interactivity, convenience, etc., has both the characteristics of the communication subject, the scientific nature of the communication, the construction of scientific knowledge and so on. Compared with the traditional sci-tech periodicals, the TV and education programs and the digital publishing platform, the scientific blog has five unique functions: one is to build the management platform of scientific knowledge, and to create a new mode for the management of scientific knowledge: the second is to provide the publishing platform of scientific research, The creation of the self-media model for scientific workers; the third is to construct the "intangible college" and provide a platform for peer-to-peer communication; and the fourth is to build a platform for public participation, and provide the public with the possibility of science and participation in science. The fifth is to build an exchange, interaction and cooperation platform between the science news media and the public, and provide a new mode for the coverage of scientific news. The second chapter, the main body of the science blog and the reward mechanism. The main body of the scientific blog is the writer and the publisher of the scientific information. The scientific blog body is usually composed of the scientists' elite, the university researchers, the popular science workers (popular science writers, scientific journalists, scientific editors) and so on. They are in a community-based manner in a specific scientific blog circle, with the group identity and the group specification, The cohesion of the group holds the scientific communication and scientific exchange activities, and contributes to the scientific dissemination of its own power. But because of the time factor of the scientific worker, the cognition of the writing risk, the concern about the technology of the blog and the scientific policy, the use of the population is still less. In order to stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific workers to participate in the scientific blog, it is necessary to establish an internal and external organic combined scientific blog subject reward mechanism. The third chapter, the object of the scientific blog and the intellectual property. The object of the scientific blog is the scientific information which is directly displayed to the public by the scientific communication body, which is the core of the public awareness of science and the understanding of the core of science. According to different classification methods, the object of scientific blog can be divided into different types, but the most core communication content of scientific blog object is science, including scientific knowledge, scientific thought, scientific method, scientific spirit, scientific culture, scientific policy, etc., This is the core difference between it and other types of blogs. But the features of the openness of the technology of the blog also bring the risk of intellectual property to the scientific workers. The paper puts forward three suggestions to protect the intellectual property right: to perfect the scientific blog legislative system from the government level, to establish a strict academic standard from the community level, to establish the network rights protection consciousness from the public level, and to jointly maintain the intellectual property of the scientific blog body. Chapter four, the composition of the scientific blog audience and the improvement of the citizen's scientific literacy. The open and interactive features of scientific blog provide the possibility for public interaction, equality and democracy to participate in the scientific communication, and also make the public have the characteristics of the identity of the subject, the autonomy of information selection and the democratic nature of the spontaneous participation. The scientific blog provides a possibility for the public to understand science, participate in science and build science. But at the present stage, under the condition of relatively low Chinese citizen's scientific literacy, how to fully tap the scientific communication function of the blog, broaden the channel of scientific communication, and make the public multi-channel participate in the scientific activities is an urgent matter. According to the research, the advantages of the traditional mass media and the new media should be integrated with the help of the scientific blog platform, and the multi-media fusion and communication science should be integrated; the scientific blog platform should be supported, and more scientific fans should be gathered to spread science; the establishment and dissemination of local science should be paid attention to and encouraged, To build a scientific and communication system. Chapter five, the realization of the "democracy type" scientific communication mode. The development of science and technology has brought about the transformation of the media technology, and the evolution of the media technology has brought the change of the form of scientific communication. The emergence of the blog technology in the Web2.0 era provides a possibility for scientific communication into the dialogue-type and the democratic-type communication mode. However, in the course of the operation and development of the scientific blog, the loss of the credibility of the scientists, the absence of peer review and the missing of the gatekeepers caused by the new media's operation leads to a potential and dominant crisis for the sustainable development of the scientific blog. In the case of the scientific blog that can load the interactive scientific communication that the other mass media does not possess, to realize the healthy and sustainable development, a comprehensive quality management idea should be set up, and the academic quality control system of the scientific editor, the peer-expert, the scientific master and the public is established. So as to ensure the improvement of the credibility of the scientific blog.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G206
本文編號：2452339
[Abstract]:As a whole people's life science education and interaction process, which aims to improve the scientific literacy of the citizens and realize the harmonious development of the individual, the society and the natural, since the formal introduction of Berna in the 1930s, it has been widely concerned by the scientific community, the educational circles and the press. In the present situation of the relatively low Chinese citizen's scientific literacy, how to carry out the scientific communication with high efficiency and to realize the ultimate goal of scientific communication _ to improve the scientific literacy of the citizens is one of the most concerned problems in the current world, and the focus and objective of the study. This study, based on the scientific blog of the Internet era, discussed the scientific blog as a new type of scientific communication media from the perspective of STS and communication, and made possible to make up for the shortage of traditional mass media, and to realize the mode of dialogue and democracy. At the same time, the problems and worries in the process of scientific blog communication are analyzed, and the constructive countermeasures and measures are put forward. The three main elements of the study about the dissemination of scientific blog, namely, the subject, the object and the audience, are studied, and the possibility of realizing the "democracy type" scientific communication model is reviewed. The thesis is divided into five chapters: the first chapter, the connotation and characteristics of the scientific blog. As one of the channels of scientific communication, the scientific blog, in addition to the features of openness, immediacy, interactivity, convenience, etc., has both the characteristics of the communication subject, the scientific nature of the communication, the construction of scientific knowledge and so on. Compared with the traditional sci-tech periodicals, the TV and education programs and the digital publishing platform, the scientific blog has five unique functions: one is to build the management platform of scientific knowledge, and to create a new mode for the management of scientific knowledge: the second is to provide the publishing platform of scientific research, The creation of the self-media model for scientific workers; the third is to construct the "intangible college" and provide a platform for peer-to-peer communication; and the fourth is to build a platform for public participation, and provide the public with the possibility of science and participation in science. The fifth is to build an exchange, interaction and cooperation platform between the science news media and the public, and provide a new mode for the coverage of scientific news. The second chapter, the main body of the science blog and the reward mechanism. The main body of the scientific blog is the writer and the publisher of the scientific information. The scientific blog body is usually composed of the scientists' elite, the university researchers, the popular science workers (popular science writers, scientific journalists, scientific editors) and so on. They are in a community-based manner in a specific scientific blog circle, with the group identity and the group specification, The cohesion of the group holds the scientific communication and scientific exchange activities, and contributes to the scientific dissemination of its own power. But because of the time factor of the scientific worker, the cognition of the writing risk, the concern about the technology of the blog and the scientific policy, the use of the population is still less. In order to stimulate the enthusiasm of scientific workers to participate in the scientific blog, it is necessary to establish an internal and external organic combined scientific blog subject reward mechanism. The third chapter, the object of the scientific blog and the intellectual property. The object of the scientific blog is the scientific information which is directly displayed to the public by the scientific communication body, which is the core of the public awareness of science and the understanding of the core of science. According to different classification methods, the object of scientific blog can be divided into different types, but the most core communication content of scientific blog object is science, including scientific knowledge, scientific thought, scientific method, scientific spirit, scientific culture, scientific policy, etc., This is the core difference between it and other types of blogs. But the features of the openness of the technology of the blog also bring the risk of intellectual property to the scientific workers. The paper puts forward three suggestions to protect the intellectual property right: to perfect the scientific blog legislative system from the government level, to establish a strict academic standard from the community level, to establish the network rights protection consciousness from the public level, and to jointly maintain the intellectual property of the scientific blog body. Chapter four, the composition of the scientific blog audience and the improvement of the citizen's scientific literacy. The open and interactive features of scientific blog provide the possibility for public interaction, equality and democracy to participate in the scientific communication, and also make the public have the characteristics of the identity of the subject, the autonomy of information selection and the democratic nature of the spontaneous participation. The scientific blog provides a possibility for the public to understand science, participate in science and build science. But at the present stage, under the condition of relatively low Chinese citizen's scientific literacy, how to fully tap the scientific communication function of the blog, broaden the channel of scientific communication, and make the public multi-channel participate in the scientific activities is an urgent matter. According to the research, the advantages of the traditional mass media and the new media should be integrated with the help of the scientific blog platform, and the multi-media fusion and communication science should be integrated; the scientific blog platform should be supported, and more scientific fans should be gathered to spread science; the establishment and dissemination of local science should be paid attention to and encouraged, To build a scientific and communication system. Chapter five, the realization of the "democracy type" scientific communication mode. The development of science and technology has brought about the transformation of the media technology, and the evolution of the media technology has brought the change of the form of scientific communication. The emergence of the blog technology in the Web2.0 era provides a possibility for scientific communication into the dialogue-type and the democratic-type communication mode. However, in the course of the operation and development of the scientific blog, the loss of the credibility of the scientists, the absence of peer review and the missing of the gatekeepers caused by the new media's operation leads to a potential and dominant crisis for the sustainable development of the scientific blog. In the case of the scientific blog that can load the interactive scientific communication that the other mass media does not possess, to realize the healthy and sustainable development, a comprehensive quality management idea should be set up, and the academic quality control system of the scientific editor, the peer-expert, the scientific master and the public is established. So as to ensure the improvement of the credibility of the scientific blog.
【學位授予單位】：山西大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G206
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