【摘要】：藍(lán)色系植物資源是花系中稀有種類。開發(fā)和利用藍(lán)色野生花卉資源，可以豐富我國地被植物品種，是促進(jìn)園林綠化發(fā)展和謀求商品化花卉自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)創(chuàng)新的一條重要途徑。本研究通過近兩年來對河北省藍(lán)色野生花卉的野外調(diào)查，和對現(xiàn)有數(shù)據(jù)庫及資料的整理，編制了河北省藍(lán)色野生花卉名錄，并對其中3種藍(lán)色野生花卉，進(jìn)行了人工栽培技術(shù)研究。主要結(jié)論與建議有以下幾點(diǎn)： 1、在對河北省藍(lán)色野生花卉進(jìn)行界定和資料整理匯總及實(shí)地調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上，編制形成了包括132種藍(lán)色野生花卉名錄，并在名錄中對科屬、生活型、生境及花期進(jìn)行了記載，同時附部分彩色圖片。 2、選擇河北省淶源縣空中草原和白石山、涿鹿縣、河北省張家口市塞北管理區(qū)、沽源縣老掌溝四個地區(qū)，進(jìn)行藍(lán)色野生花卉實(shí)地考察，采集植物標(biāo)本、種子，收集藍(lán)色野生花卉照片，為栽培栽培試驗(yàn)提供試驗(yàn)材料及基礎(chǔ)性資料。 3、在河北省壩上塞北管理區(qū)成功栽培了華北藍(lán)盆花、翠雀和囊花鳶尾，并對人工繁育栽培技術(shù)進(jìn)行了概括總結(jié)。華北藍(lán)盆花栽培栽培情況：植株高度無顯著變化，單株花朵數(shù)、分枝數(shù)和基生葉數(shù)增加3倍左右；翠雀：植株高度無顯著變化，單株花朵數(shù)、分枝數(shù)增加5倍左右，花冠冠幅增大0.5厘米左右；囊花鳶尾生長季末成活率為86%，返青成活率為67%。三種野生花卉原產(chǎn)于寒冷地區(qū)，具有較強(qiáng)的抗寒性，并且耐旱、耐貧瘠，適應(yīng)環(huán)境能力強(qiáng)，管理相對粗放，一次種植，多年利用，病蟲害少，繁殖容易，，適合在園林中適宜的地點(diǎn)推廣。經(jīng)過對這三種野生花卉的栽培馴化，發(fā)現(xiàn)人工栽培使三種野生花卉花期延長，花株密集。 4、藍(lán)色野生花卉具有很好的經(jīng)濟(jì)價值。藍(lán)色野生花卉以其野味性的形姿、純樸的山林情趣和艷麗的花朵顏色是居室和綠化庭院的理想材料。在園林應(yīng)用中，可作為花境、花壇材料；也可單植、叢植或片植；同時也是優(yōu)良的地被綠化植物，可以在干旱、貧瘠的土地及山坡疏林下生長良好；也可以作為鮮切花、盆花和插花等豐富我國的花卉市場。
[Abstract]:The blue plant resource is a rare species in the flower system. The exploitation and utilization of blue wild flower resources can enrich the varieties of ground cover plants in China. It is an important way to promote the development of landscape greening and to seek the innovation of independent intellectual property rights of commercial flowers. Based on the field investigation of blue wild flowers in Hebei Province in the past two years and the arrangement of existing databases and data, a list of blue wild flowers in Hebei Province has been compiled, and three kinds of blue wild flowers have been compiled. Artificial cultivation techniques were studied. The main conclusions and suggestions are as follows: 1. On the basis of the definition, data collation and field investigation of blue wild flowers in Hebei Province, a list of 132 species of blue wild flowers has been compiled, in which 132 species of blue wild flowers have been compiled and included in the list of families and genera. Life forms, habitats and flowering stages were recorded, accompanied by some color pictures. 2. Choose four areas, Laiyuan County, Hebei Province, and Baishi Mountain, Zhuolu County, Seibei Management District, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, and Laozhanggou, Guyuan County, to conduct on-the-spot investigation of blue wild flowers and collect plant specimens and seeds. The pictures of blue wild flowers were collected to provide experimental materials and basic materials for cultivation experiment. 3. The North China Blue Basin Flower, Cuisces Caraway and Iris saccata were successfully cultivated in Bashang, Hebei Province, and the cultivation techniques of artificial breeding were summarized in this paper. The cultivation of North China blue basin flower: the plant height had no significant change, the number of flowers per plant, the number of branches and the number of basal leaves increased about 3 times; No significant change in plant height. The number of flowers and branches per plant increased about 5 times and the crown width increased about 0.5 cm. The survival rate of Iris saccata at the end of the growing season was 86% and the survival rate of turning green was 67%. The three species of wild flowers are native to cold regions and have strong cold resistance, drought tolerance, barren tolerance, strong adaptability to the environment, relatively extensive management, one planting, multi-year utilization, fewer pests and diseases, and easy reproduction. Suitable for the promotion of suitable places in gardens. Through the cultivation and domestication of the three species of wild flowers, it was found that the artificial cultivation prolonged the flowering period of the three wild flowers and concentrated the flowers and plants. 4, blue wild flowers have good economic value. Blue wild flowers are ideal materials for living room and greening courtyard with their wild-smelling appearance, simple mountain-forest interest and showy flower color. In garden application, it can be used as flower field, flower bed material, single-planting, cluster-planting or piece-planting, and it is also a good green plant, which can grow well under arid, barren land and sparse forest on hillside, at the same time, it can grow well in arid, barren land and hillside sparse forest. It can also be used as fresh cut flower, pot flower and flower arrangement to enrich the flower market of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：S68

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