【摘要】：演講是一項(xiàng)普遍的社會活動,它在人們的交流和溝通中有著十分重要的作用。在演講過程中,演講者針對某個話題發(fā)表自我見解,暢所欲言,以達(dá)到感染甚至啟迪現(xiàn)場觀眾的目的。由于演講在西方社會生活中的特殊作用,許多西方領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人與政府官員都擅長演講。他們深諳如何利用演講方式去表述自己的觀點(diǎn),與聽眾建立和諧的會話關(guān)系,最終得到聽眾的支持與青睞。 政治演講作為演講的一種,自身具有鮮明的特點(diǎn)。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)某些既定目標(biāo),演講者還把許多語言策略巧妙地貫穿始終,這引起了學(xué)界的廣泛關(guān)注。在語言學(xué)、社會學(xué)、政治學(xué)等諸多領(lǐng)域,相關(guān)學(xué)者和研究人員基于不同方向,對演講語篇進(jìn)行了深入探討與研究,取得了許多成果。在語言學(xué)領(lǐng)域中,先前的研究主要把重點(diǎn)放在政治演講中的人際關(guān)系、文體選擇及所涉及到的語用策略等方面上,而政治演講語篇中的禮貌現(xiàn)象研究卻相對較少。隨著語用學(xué)的發(fā)展,禮貌現(xiàn)象也越來越多地受到語言學(xué)家的重視,與其相關(guān)的理論成果也越來越多。因此,本文對政治演講語篇中禮貌現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行研究,不僅十分必要,而且具有重要意義。 隨著國際交往的日益增多,越來越多的外國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人訪問中國。他們中有許多人都在我國一些著名大學(xué)發(fā)表公開演講。一些政治家的公開演講引起了大眾的關(guān)注。駱家輝是第三位在美國政府擔(dān)任高官的美籍華人,作為第一名美籍華裔駐華大使以及美前商務(wù)部長,同時也是美國最重要的官員之一的他在華發(fā)表了很多公開演講。截至目前,他共在清華大學(xué)、暨南大學(xué)、北京外國語大學(xué)、武漢大學(xué)、西安交通大學(xué)及中國人民大學(xué)發(fā)表了演講。這六篇演講十分精彩,引起了人們長時間的關(guān)注。 在語用學(xué)中,禮貌是一項(xiàng)十分重要的研究現(xiàn)象。國內(nèi)外的許多語言學(xué)家從不同角度對此進(jìn)行了研究,有Grice的合作原則,Lakoff的禮貌準(zhǔn)則,Brown andLevinson的面子理論以及Leech的禮貌原則,以及國內(nèi)顧曰國的適用于中國語境的禮貌原則,徐盛桓對禮貌原則的修正。雖然目前語言學(xué)界對這些理論還存在不小爭議,學(xué)者之間也分別指出了理論之間各自存在的一系列問題,但Leech的禮貌原則和徐盛桓的第三方理論都系統(tǒng)并且詳盡地對禮貌現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行了分析與闡述。因此,本研運(yùn)用用這兩個理論作為自身理論框架。從另一角度來講,禮貌和語境也緊密的聯(lián)系在一起。分析本文的語境有助于探討駱家輝演講實(shí)錄中的禮貌現(xiàn)象。作為聽者,在語境因素的幫助下能更好理解演講的真實(shí)目的。 本文通過分析具體語境,用禮貌原則和第三方理論研究駱家輝在中國大學(xué)的演講分析,看到禮貌原則中六個次準(zhǔn)則在其演講當(dāng)中應(yīng)用。但涉及經(jīng)濟(jì)、人權(quán)、法律、知識產(chǎn)權(quán)等和美國利益相關(guān)的問題時,禮貌原則體現(xiàn)的不是特別明顯,而一致原則更是很少出現(xiàn)。而在涉及文化、歷史、合作、反恐等共同利益的時候,禮貌原則則多元化呈現(xiàn),有兩個甚至兩個以上的次準(zhǔn)則都能在一句話中體現(xiàn)。在涉及到的第三方當(dāng)中,美國政府是其考慮最多的因素。這一切都與駱家輝自身的身份有關(guān),美國利益是其考慮最重要的方面,同時在不忽視中國人民感情的基礎(chǔ)上最大程度地維護(hù)美國利益。從另一方面講,禮貌現(xiàn)象的大量出現(xiàn)也使其演講增進(jìn)了中美關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:The speech is a popular social activity, which plays a very important role in people's communication and communication. In the course of the speech, the speaker made his own opinion on a topic to speak freely, so as to achieve the purpose of infection and even enlightenment to the on-site audience. As a result of the special role of the speech in the western social life, many western leaders and government officials are good at speaking. They deeply understand how to use the way of speech to express their views, establish a harmonious relationship with the audience, and finally get the support and favor of the audience. As one of the speeches, a political speech has a distinct character. Point. In order to achieve some of the stated goals, the speaker skillfully runs many language strategies, which has aroused the wide application of the academic circle. in that field of linguistics, sociology, political science and so on, the relevant scholars and researchers have made an in-depth study and research on the speech discourse based on different directions, and made many of them In the field of linguistics, the previous studies have focused on the relationship between the political speeches, the selection of the style and the pragmatic strategies involved, while the study of the politeness in the discourse of political discourse is relatively small. With the development of pragmatics, the politeness phenomenon is more and more important to the linguists, and the theoretical results related to it are becoming more and more Therefore, it is necessary and important to study the politeness phenomenon in the discourse of political speech. with the increasing number of international exchanges, more and more foreign leaders have visited Q. China. Many of them have been published in a number of well-known universities in our country The public speaking of a number of politicians has caused the masses The first Chinese-American ambassador to China and the former U.S. business minister, and one of the most important officials in the United States, has made a lot of public interest in China, the first Chinese-American ambassador to China and the former U.S. business minister. At present, he made a speech at Tsinghua University, Jinan University, Beijing Foreign Language University, Wuhan University, Xi 'an Jiaotong University and the People's University of China. It's a great speech. It's a great speech. It's a long time. It's very important to be polite in pragmatics. At present, many linguists at home and abroad have studied this from different angles, with Grice's principle of cooperation, the politeness principle of Lakoff, the face theory of Brown and Levinson, and the politeness principle of Leech, as well as the politeness principle applicable to the Chinese context. Although the current language circle has a lot of controversy over these theories, the scholars also point out a series of problems in the theory, but Leech's politeness principle and the third-party theory of Xu Sheng are both systematic and detailed to the politeness phenomenon. In this paper, the two theories are used in this research. The frame of body theory. From another point of view, the courtesy and context are also tight. The analysis of the context of this paper is helpful to the discussion of the real record of the lecture. A polite phenomenon. As a listener, a better understanding of the speech with the help of contextual factors Based on the analysis of the specific context, the politeness principle and the third-party theory, the author analyzes the speech of the University of China at the University of China, and sees the six criteria in the principle of politeness. But when it comes to economic, human rights, legal, intellectual property, and other issues related to the interests of the United States, the principle of politeness is not particularly clear and consistent It is very rare, and when it comes to the common interests of culture, history, cooperation, counter-terrorism and other common interests, the politeness principle is presented in a diversified way, and there are even more than two sub-criteria in a single word, in that third party involved, the U. S. government is The most important factor is to consider the most important aspects of the American interests, and to the greatest extent on the basis of not ignoring the feelings of the Chinese people To maintain the interests of the United States. On the other hand, a great deal of politeness has also made it a speech.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：H313

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 薩本望;布什訪華與中美關(guān)系[J];w攣胖蕓，

本文編號：2431104