【摘要】：月季(Rosa spp.)是世界上最受歡迎的花卉之一。月季白粉病(Chinese rose powdery mildew)對(duì)月季的品質(zhì)及產(chǎn)量影響巨大。然而,目前現(xiàn)代月季的基因庫(kù)中缺乏高抗白粉病的基因,尤其是水平抗性基因,因此,亟需引入新的種質(zhì)進(jìn)行抗白粉育種。我國(guó)野生薔薇屬資源豐富,很多種質(zhì)在抗逆性方面表現(xiàn)出了優(yōu)異的特性,挖掘并利用這些資源,對(duì)培育我國(guó)具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的抗白粉病月季新品種有很大意義。本研究在對(duì)部分新疆野生薔薇屬種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行白粉病抗性評(píng)價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上,以培育抗白粉病的庭院月季新品種為目標(biāo),選擇白粉病抗性較強(qiáng)的寬刺薔薇(Rosa platyacantha)作為主要親本進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)緣雜交育種。主要研究結(jié)果如下： 1.采用孢子懸浮液噴霧法,對(duì)收集、保存的11份新疆薔薇屬野生資源和4個(gè)月季品種進(jìn)行了白粉病抗性評(píng)價(jià),篩選出彎刺薔薇(R. beggeriana)2號(hào)、尖刺薔薇(R.oxyacantha)、寬刺薔薇、‘紅衣主教’(R.'Kardinal')和疏花薔薇(R. laxa)3號(hào)等5份高抗白粉病材料,相對(duì)抗性指數(shù)分別為0.94,0.9,0.84,0.82,0.81。 2.通過研究月季對(duì)白粉病的抗感性與防御性酶(SOD、POD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)與可溶性蛋白(SPR)含量變化關(guān)系,結(jié)果初步顯示：SOD、POD的活性及MDA含量的變化與月季對(duì)白粉病的抗感性相關(guān),而SPR的含量變化與月季對(duì)白粉病的抗感性無(wú)明顯相關(guān)。 3.開展遠(yuǎn)緣雜交,共設(shè)計(jì)雜交組合58個(gè),得到種子183粒,獲得成苗43株,經(jīng)形態(tài)學(xué)初步鑒定為真雜種；對(duì)雜種進(jìn)行白粉病抗病性初步評(píng)價(jià),獲得中抗雜交后代28個(gè)。 本研究對(duì)部分新疆野生薔薇屬種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行了白粉病抗性評(píng)價(jià),利用寬刺薔薇進(jìn)行遠(yuǎn)緣雜交,為培育抗病月季新品種奠定了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:Rose (Rosa spp.) It is one of the most popular flowers in the world. Rice powdery mildew (Chinese rose powdery mildew) has a great influence on the quality and yield of rose. However, the gene of high resistance to powdery mildew, especially the gene of horizontal resistance, is lacking in the gene bank of modern Chinese rose, so it is urgent to introduce new germplasm to breeding for resistance to powdery mildew. The wild Rosa is rich in resources in China, many germplasm show excellent characteristics in resistance to stress. It is of great significance to excavate and utilize these resources to cultivate new varieties of powdery mildew resistant rose with independent intellectual property rights in China. Based on the evaluation of powdery mildew resistance of some wild Rosa germplasm resources in Xinjiang, the aim of this study was to cultivate new varieties of rose in courtyard resistant to powdery mildew. (Rosa platyacantha), which is resistant to powdery mildew, was selected as the main parent for distant cross breeding. The main results are as follows: 1. The powdery mildew resistance of 11 wild Rosa resources and 4 rose varieties collected and preserved in Xinjiang were evaluated by spore suspension spray method, and (R. beggeriana) 2, R.oxyacantha and Rosa paniculata were selected. The relative resistance index of 5 high resistant powdery mildew materials such as R. Cardinal'(R.) Kardinal' and Rosa rugosa (R. laxa) 3) was 0.94% 0.94% 0.84% 0.82% 0.81, respectively. 2. The relationship between resistance to powdery mildew and defensive enzyme (SOD,POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) (MDA) and soluble protein (SPR) (SPR) in Chinese rose were studied. The results showed that: The activity of POD and the content of MDA were related to the resistance to powdery mildew of Chinese rose, but the change of SPR content had no significant correlation with the resistance to powdery mildew of Chinese rose. 3. A total of 58 hybrid combinations were designed and 183 seeds were obtained and 43 seedlings were obtained. The hybrids were preliminarily identified as true hybrids by morphology, and 28 hybrids were obtained by preliminary evaluation of resistance to powdery mildew. In this study, the powdery mildew resistance of some wild Rosa germplasm resources in Xinjiang was evaluated, and the distant hybridization of Rosa chinensis was carried out, which laid a theoretical foundation for the breeding of new resistant rose varieties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：S685.12

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