【摘要】：高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)是國際經(jīng)濟和科技競爭的重要陣地。發(fā)展高技術及基礎業(yè)，對推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結構升級，，提高勞動生產(chǎn)率和經(jīng)濟效益，具有不可替代的作用。既要重視對引進的先進技術進行消化吸收，又要重視高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)的自主創(chuàng)新，利用一切有利資源，提高江蘇高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)的技術水平。本文基于新古典經(jīng)濟增長理論，使用索洛余值法研究江蘇省高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)的技術進步貢獻率，并研究技術進步的主要來源是技術引進還是自主創(chuàng)新。 測度技術進步貢獻率時，采用柯布道格拉斯生產(chǎn)函數(shù)，通過線性回歸確定資本產(chǎn)出彈性0.67和勞動產(chǎn)出彈性0.33，進而計算出了技術進步貢獻率，資本進步貢獻率，勞動進步貢獻率。1996-2009年間資本的增長是推動江蘇高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)增長的一個顯著因素，在大多數(shù)年份，資本貢獻率都超過了50%。技術進步是第二個推動高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟增長的因素，在大多數(shù)年份都是正值，并且達到30%以上。而勞動力的增長在前期不但沒有推動高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)的增長，反而成了一個阻礙力量。 本文將技術進步的來源分為兩個途徑：內源式的自主創(chuàng)新和外源式的技術引進。測度技術進步來源時，發(fā)現(xiàn)江蘇高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)技術進步的主要來源是自主創(chuàng)新，之所以引進技術對技術進步的促進作用不如自主創(chuàng)新大，主要存在如下問題：其一，發(fā)達國家知識產(chǎn)權保護嚴格，他們不會輕易轉讓最先進的技術；其二，重復引進，浪費金錢；其三，對引進的技術難以消化吸收，陷入“引進-落后-再引進-再落后”；其四，在引進工作中，不嚴格審查，草率購回技術。 分析技術引進時，重點分析高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)的消化吸收比例，江蘇高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)內各行業(yè)消化吸收比例都不高，最好的醫(yī)藥制造業(yè)僅為1：0.77，這與日本韓國1：5-8相去甚遠。高技術產(chǎn)業(yè)要特別重視消化吸收，要對引進的技術充分消化吸收。至于自主創(chuàng)新方面，技術創(chuàng)新有效的只有醫(yī)藥制造業(yè)和航空航天制造業(yè)這兩個行業(yè)，另外三個行業(yè)都是技術創(chuàng)新低效的，這3個行業(yè)的技術創(chuàng)新低效主要是規(guī)模效率低導致的，而且都處于規(guī)模報酬遞減階段，需要減少規(guī)模。
[Abstract]:High-tech industry is the important position of international economy and science and technology competition. The development of high technology and basic industry plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure, improving labor productivity and economic efficiency. We should not only pay attention to the digestion and absorption of the imported advanced technology, but also attach importance to the independent innovation of the high-tech industry, and make use of all favorable resources to improve the technological level of the high-tech industry in Jiangsu Province. Based on the theory of neoclassical economic growth, this paper uses Solow's residual value method to study the contribution rate of high-tech industry in Jiangsu Province, and studies whether the main source of technological progress is technology introduction or independent innovation. When we measure the contribution rate of technological progress, we use Cobb Douglas production function to determine the elasticity of capital output 0.67 and labor output elasticity 0.33 by linear regression, and then calculate the contribution rate of technological progress and capital progress. The growth of capital was a significant factor driving the growth of high-tech industry in Jiangsu Province from 1996 to 2009. In most years, the capital contribution rate exceeded 50%. Technological progress is the second driver of high-tech economic growth, positive in most years and above 30 percent. The growth of labor force not only did not promote the growth of high-tech industry, but also became an obstacle. The source of technological progress is divided into two ways: endogenous independent innovation and exogenous technology introduction. When we measure the source of technological progress, we find that the main source of technological progress in Jiangsu's high-tech industry is independent innovation. The main problems are as follows: first, the introduction of technology does not promote technological progress as much as independent innovation. Developed countries have strict intellectual property protection, they will not easily transfer the most advanced technology; Second, repeated introduction, waste of money; third, it is difficult to digest and absorb the imported technology, and fall into the situation of "importing backward-reintroducing again backward"; fourth, in the introduction work, it is not strictly examined and the technology is bought back hastily. When analyzing the introduction of technology, we should focus on analyzing the proportion of digestion and absorption of high-tech industries. In Jiangsu, the proportion of digestion and absorption in high-tech industries is not high. The best pharmaceutical manufacturing industry is only 1: 0.77. This is far from Japan and South Korea 1: 5-8. High-tech industries should pay special attention to digestion and absorption of imported technology. As for independent innovation, the only industries that are effective in technological innovation are the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry and the aerospace manufacturing industry. The other three industries are all inefficient in technological innovation. The low efficiency of technological innovation in these three industries is mainly caused by low scale efficiency. And all are in the scale returns decline stage, need to reduce the scale.
【學位授予單位】：南京財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F276.44;F273.1

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