【摘要】：隨著汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展，汽車電子作為汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)中的一項(xiàng)重要支撐技術(shù)，迎來了高速發(fā)展的一個時(shí)期。同時(shí)，微控制器作為汽車電子中的核心部件之一，在汽車中得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。目前，國外在微控制器領(lǐng)域占據(jù)了主導(dǎo)地位，而國內(nèi)由于起步晚等原因，還處于落后的地位。此外，由于大部分微控制器的研發(fā)重心側(cè)重如何提高微控制器運(yùn)算能力，而忽略了其安全性。因此，，為了推動國內(nèi)汽車電子產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，本文設(shè)計(jì)了一款擁有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的16位安全微控制器ESNL-16，主要工作包括： (1)根據(jù)微控制器工作模式的不同，提出了一種具有復(fù)用功能的外部總線結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)微控制器在不同的工作模式時(shí)，將I/O口編程為不同功能的輸入輸出端口，并在總線接口模塊的控制下，完成對內(nèi)部讀寫和外部訪問的高效控制。 (2)為了保證微控制器的數(shù)據(jù)安全，本文在分析PRINTcipher加密算法的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一種低功耗的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)方案。通過復(fù)用P置換層和S盒的方式，有效地減少了設(shè)計(jì)的面積和功耗。同時(shí)，為了提高設(shè)計(jì)的靈活性，本文實(shí)現(xiàn)了PRINTcipher-48和PRINTcipher-96兩種參數(shù)版本的可選擇方案。最后，將方案集成在ESNL-16中，從而提高了微控制器的安全性能。 (3)完成了ESNL-16的系統(tǒng)集成及驗(yàn)證測試工作。通過模塊級仿真驗(yàn)證、系統(tǒng)級仿真驗(yàn)證、門級驗(yàn)證和FPGA板級驗(yàn)證四個階段，完成了ESNL-16驗(yàn)證工作，保證了微控制器功能的正確性。另外，通過分析CPU12指令集，在覆蓋所有微指令的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了一套基于CPU12最小指令集的內(nèi)建自測試方案。通過對最小指令集進(jìn)行測試，從而將測試序列的長度減小為5.2%。在保證高覆蓋率和較短測試序列的前提下，完成微控制器的測性工作。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of automobile industry, automobile electronics, as an important supporting technology in automobile industry, ushered in a period of rapid development. At the same time, as one of the core components of automobile electronics, microcontroller has been widely used in automobile. At present, the foreign countries occupy the leading position in the field of microcontroller, but the domestic is still in the backward position because of the late start and so on. In addition, the research and development of most microcontrollers focus on how to improve the computing power of microcontrollers, but ignore their security. Therefore, in order to promote the development of domestic automobile electronics industry, this paper designs a 16-bit security microcontroller ESNL-16, with independent intellectual property rights. The main work includes: (1) according to the different working mode of microcontroller, An external bus structure with multiplexing function is proposed. When the microcontroller is working in different modes, the I / O port is programmed as an input and output port with different functions, and controlled by the bus interface module. In order to ensure the data security of the microcontroller, this paper proposes a low power hardware implementation scheme based on the analysis of PRINTcipher encryption algorithm. By multiplexing the P permutation layer and the S box, the design area and power consumption are reduced effectively. At the same time, in order to improve the flexibility of the design, this paper implements two parameter versions of PRINTcipher-48 and PRINTcipher-96. Finally, the scheme is integrated into ESNL-16 to improve the security performance of the microcontroller. (3) the system integration and verification test of ESNL-16 are completed. Through the four stages of module level simulation verification, system level simulation verification, gate level verification and FPGA board level verification, the ESNL-16 verification is completed, which ensures the correctness of the function of the microcontroller. In addition, by analyzing the CPU12 instruction set and covering all the microinstructions, a built-in self-test scheme based on the CPU12 minimum instruction set is proposed. By testing the minimum instruction set, the length of the test sequence is reduced to 5.2. On the premise of high coverage and short test sequence, the testability of microcontroller is completed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：U463.6

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