【摘要】：我國礦產(chǎn)資源豐富，，然而礦難事件頻發(fā)。如果能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)地下與地面的無線通信，將會極大地提高救援效率。目前我國還沒有自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的礦井透地應(yīng)急救援通信系統(tǒng)。礦難發(fā)生時，其他有線通信手段往往會發(fā)生中斷，信號如何穿透地層實(shí)現(xiàn)與地下信息的雙向傳輸問題是礦井無線應(yīng)急通信的關(guān)鍵瓶頸技術(shù)。而采用電偶極子天線，基于傳導(dǎo)電流場理論實(shí)現(xiàn)透地信息傳輸是解決該瓶頸問題的行之有效的方法之一。 本文在分析國內(nèi)外地下通信的研究背景下，選用具有天線體積設(shè)計(jì)小、對環(huán)境依賴性小的基于電流場理論的通信方式。 首先，介紹傳導(dǎo)電流場透地通信理論，分析信號傳輸?shù)脑怼＝⒃搨鬏敺绞降臄?shù)學(xué)模型，并構(gòu)建基于MATLAB的軟件仿真平臺，分析傳輸距離、信號頻率與電導(dǎo)率對信號傳輸?shù)挠绊憽?然后，在實(shí)地環(huán)境中建立物理仿真模型，討論傳導(dǎo)電流、傳輸距離，電磁干擾以及噪聲對信號傳輸?shù)挠绊懀⒂^察仿真圖形，為后續(xù)的系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)提供優(yōu)化的參數(shù)。 最后，在理論研究和軟件仿真分析的基礎(chǔ)上，選取具有頻帶窄、功率利用率高、抗衰落、可用非相干進(jìn)行解調(diào)的π/4-DQPSK作為數(shù)字傳輸方案，設(shè)計(jì)了基于FPGA的電流場地下通信系統(tǒng)。重點(diǎn)編制了基于Verilog的π/4-DQPSK調(diào)制和解調(diào)程序，通過模塊化實(shí)現(xiàn)調(diào)制解調(diào)過程，方便程序的修改和調(diào)試；研發(fā)了該系統(tǒng)的硬件實(shí)現(xiàn)平臺（含發(fā)送、接收電路，小信號放大電路，功率放大電路）；此外還進(jìn)行了變壓器的設(shè)計(jì)，使天線的阻抗與功率放大器阻抗實(shí)現(xiàn)匹配，以完成大功率發(fā)送信號。整個通信系統(tǒng)從串口收發(fā)，對信號進(jìn)行調(diào)制解調(diào)以及D/A、A/D控制均可通過軟件編寫實(shí)現(xiàn)，體現(xiàn)了軟件無線電的思想。
[Abstract]:China is rich in mineral resources, but mine accidents occur frequently. If underground and ground wireless communication can be realized, rescue efficiency will be greatly improved. At present, our country still has no independent intellectual property right mine penetrating ground emergency rescue communication system. When mine accident occurs, other wired communication means will often be interrupted. The key bottleneck technology of mine wireless emergency communication is how to realize two-way transmission of underground information through the formation. It is one of the effective methods to solve the bottleneck problem by using electric dipole antenna based on the theory of conduction current field to realize the transmission of information through the earth. In this paper, based on the analysis of underground communication at home and abroad, we choose the current field theory based communication mode with small antenna volume design and less environmental dependence. Firstly, the theory of transmissible current field is introduced, and the principle of signal transmission is analyzed. The mathematical model of the transmission mode is established, and the software simulation platform based on MATLAB is constructed to analyze the influence of transmission distance, signal frequency and conductivity on signal transmission. Then, the physical simulation model is established in the field environment to discuss the effects of conduction current, transmission distance, electromagnetic interference and noise on the signal transmission. The simulation figure is observed to provide the optimized parameters for the subsequent system design. Finally, on the basis of theoretical research and software simulation analysis, 蟺 / 4-DQPSK with narrow band, high power efficiency, anti-fading and non-coherent demodulation is selected as the digital transmission scheme, and a current field underground communication system based on FPGA is designed. The 蟺 / 4-DQPSK modulation and demodulation program based on Verilog is mainly compiled, and the modularization and demodulation process is realized through modularization, which facilitates the modification and debugging of the program, and the hardware implementation platform of the system (including transmitting, receiving circuit, small signal amplification circuit, etc.) is developed. In addition, the transformer is designed to match the impedance of the antenna with the impedance of the power amplifier to complete the high-power transmission signal. The whole communication system receives and receives signals from serial port, modulates and demodulates the signals, and controls the D / A / A / A / D by software programming, which embodies the idea of software radio.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TN929.4

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