上海集成電路企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-03 11:38
【摘要】：集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)作為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)性、戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè),是全球主要國家競(jìng)相爭(zhēng)奪的產(chǎn)業(yè)制高點(diǎn),在制造業(yè)體系中發(fā)揮著基礎(chǔ)性的支撐作用,對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的發(fā)展影響深遠(yuǎn)。上海作為我國集成電路企業(yè)最為集中、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈最為完善、綜合技術(shù)水平相對(duì)最高、規(guī)模最大的國家級(jí)集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)基地,是在跨國公司的觸發(fā)下發(fā)展起來的,走的是一條先國際化后本地化的發(fā)展軌跡。20世紀(jì)90年代前期,上海集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展極為緩慢,產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)水平低,直到本世紀(jì)初在國際集成電路制造業(yè)開始大規(guī)模向中國轉(zhuǎn)移的背景下,上海作為我國產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)最為雄厚,市場(chǎng)化、國際化程度最高的地區(qū),吸引了大批集成電路制造和封裝測(cè)試跨國公司的入駐,推動(dòng)了上海集成電路生產(chǎn)制造的迅猛發(fā)展,形成了以張江、漕河涇、紫竹、松江為核心的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群,同時(shí)在技術(shù)水平上,技術(shù)能級(jí)得以極大提升,與國際主流技術(shù)的差距逐步縮小,但核心技術(shù)和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)仍然被跨國公司控制。在此背景下,為應(yīng)對(duì)全球集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)的激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng),打破跨國公司的技術(shù)壟斷,企業(yè)開始突破傳統(tǒng)封閉式的創(chuàng)新模式,通過各種正式與非正式的聯(lián)系構(gòu)建企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò),與產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上下游其他企業(yè)、大學(xué)及科研機(jī)構(gòu)開展創(chuàng)新合作,促進(jìn)知識(shí)的流動(dòng)和相互學(xué)習(xí),共同參與新產(chǎn)品、新技術(shù)的研發(fā),以及創(chuàng)新成果的產(chǎn)業(yè)化,形成具有動(dòng)態(tài)開放性的新型創(chuàng)新組織。 本文基于經(jīng)濟(jì)地理學(xué)中的創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)理論,并采用數(shù)據(jù)分析法和比較分析法等工具,對(duì)上海集成電路企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的知識(shí)來源、網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)、空間特征等關(guān)鍵問題進(jìn)行研究。文章首先梳理了學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)于網(wǎng)絡(luò)、創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)、企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的已有研究成果；對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的概念、演進(jìn)和基本特征,創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的內(nèi)涵、類型與特征進(jìn)行了總結(jié),發(fā)現(xiàn)本文創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)是隨著創(chuàng)新過程的日益復(fù)雜,為減少創(chuàng)新過程中的各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和降低創(chuàng)新成本,創(chuàng)新主體之間通過各種正式或非正式的合作關(guān)系形成的,依據(jù)不同的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可以將其分為不同的類型。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文從聯(lián)合申請(qǐng)技術(shù)專利和國家重大科技專項(xiàng)兩個(gè)維度刻畫了上海集成電路企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析圖,并對(duì)上海集成電路企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了深入分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)本地企業(yè)間開展合作已經(jīng)成為企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的主體,是上海集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)提升自主創(chuàng)新能力和全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵,然而外部聯(lián)系尤其是嵌入跨國公司全球創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)也是集群獲得新知識(shí)和新技術(shù)的重要來源,在此過程中由留學(xué)海歸人才組成的跨國技術(shù)社區(qū)日益成為上海集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)的中堅(jiān)力量。同時(shí),作為創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要節(jié)點(diǎn),高校及科研單位由于擁有雄厚的科研能力,在知識(shí)生產(chǎn)、擴(kuò)散過程中扮演著關(guān)鍵角色,是整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的關(guān)鍵的知識(shí)來源。 國家重大科技專項(xiàng)作為一種自上而下式的創(chuàng)新模式,是國家創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的集中體現(xiàn),而本地企業(yè)間通過合作申請(qǐng)專利進(jìn)行技術(shù)研發(fā)作為企業(yè)自下而上式的創(chuàng)新模式,也是區(qū)域創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的重要組成部分。論文在研究兩種不同視角下上海集成電路企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征的同時(shí),還從構(gòu)建以企業(yè)為主體的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新體系方面,推動(dòng)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化完善企業(yè)創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)方面,以及引進(jìn)和培育優(yōu)秀研發(fā)人才方面探討了國家創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)與區(qū)域創(chuàng)新網(wǎng)絡(luò)的耦合性問題。發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者共同推動(dòng)了上海集成電路產(chǎn)業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新能力的提升,極大增強(qiáng)了上海集成電路企業(yè)的全球競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。
[Abstract]:As the foundation of the national economy and the strategic industry, the integrated circuit industry is the high point of competition for the major countries in the world. It plays a basic supporting role in the manufacturing system and has a far-reaching impact on the economic and social development. As an integrated circuit enterprise in China, Shanghai is the most concentrated, the industrial chain is the most perfect and the comprehensive technical level. The relatively highest, largest national integrated circuit industrial base, developed under the trigger of transnational corporations, is a development track of internationalization after localization in the early 90s of.20 century, the development of the integrated circuit industry in Shanghai is very slow and the industrial technology is low, until the beginning of this century in the international integrated circuit manufacturing industry. Under the background of large-scale transfer to China, Shanghai, as the most abundant, market-based and internationalized area in China, has attracted a large number of integrated circuits manufacturing and packaging testing transnational corporations, which promoted the rapid development of the production and manufacture of integrated circuits in Shanghai, and formed the form of Zhang Jiang, Caohejing, Zizhu, Songjiang. At the same time, the technological level of the core industry has been greatly improved, and the gap with the international mainstream technology is gradually narrowed, but the core technology and intellectual property are still controlled by the transnational corporations. In this context, in order to cope with the fierce competition in the global integrated circuit industry and break the technical monopoly of the transnational corporations, the enterprises begin to break through the transmission. The new model of "closed" innovation is to build enterprise innovation network through various formal and informal connections, carry out innovative cooperation with other enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions on the industrial chain, promote the flow of knowledge and learn from each other, participate in the new product, the research and development of new technology, and the industrialization of innovative achievements. A new type of innovative organization.
Based on the innovation network theory in economic geography, and using the tools of data analysis and comparative analysis, this paper studies the key problems of the knowledge source, network structure and spatial characteristics of the innovation network of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises. The paper summarizes the concept, evolution and basic characteristics of industrial cluster, the connotation, types and characteristics of the innovation network, and finds that the innovation network is increasingly complicated with the innovation process. In order to reduce the various risks in the process of innovation and reduce the cost of innovation, the innovative owners can pass through various formal or informal relationships among the innovative owners. It can be divided into different types according to different classification standards. On this basis, this paper depicts the innovation network analysis chart of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprise from two dimensions of joint application technology patent and national major science and technology special, and deeply analyses the new network structure of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises, and finds local enterprises. Inter industry cooperation has become the main body of enterprise innovation network. It is the key of Shanghai integrated circuit industry to improve its independent innovation ability and global competitiveness. However, the external connection, especially the global innovation network embedded in MNCs, is also an important source of new knowledge and technology. In this process, the overseas returnees are composed of talents. The transnational technical community has become the backbone of the Shanghai integrated circuit industry. At the same time, as an important node of the innovation network, universities and scientific research units play a key role in the process of knowledge production and diffusion because of their strong scientific research ability. It is the key knowledge source of the whole network.
As a top-down innovation model, the national major science and technology project is the centralized embodiment of the national innovation network, and the local enterprise through cooperation application patent for technology research and development as the enterprise bottom-up innovation model is also an important component part of the regional innovation network. The thesis is in the study of the Shanghai collection under two different perspectives. At the same time, the structure characteristics of the innovation network of the circuit enterprise are also made, and the coupling problem between the national innovation network and the regional innovation network is discussed from the aspects of building the technological innovation system based on the enterprise as the main body, promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into the innovation network of enterprises, and introducing and cultivating excellent R & D talents. The improvement of independent innovation capability of Shanghai IC industry has greatly enhanced the global competitive advantage of Shanghai IC enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F273.1;F426.61
[Abstract]:As the foundation of the national economy and the strategic industry, the integrated circuit industry is the high point of competition for the major countries in the world. It plays a basic supporting role in the manufacturing system and has a far-reaching impact on the economic and social development. As an integrated circuit enterprise in China, Shanghai is the most concentrated, the industrial chain is the most perfect and the comprehensive technical level. The relatively highest, largest national integrated circuit industrial base, developed under the trigger of transnational corporations, is a development track of internationalization after localization in the early 90s of.20 century, the development of the integrated circuit industry in Shanghai is very slow and the industrial technology is low, until the beginning of this century in the international integrated circuit manufacturing industry. Under the background of large-scale transfer to China, Shanghai, as the most abundant, market-based and internationalized area in China, has attracted a large number of integrated circuits manufacturing and packaging testing transnational corporations, which promoted the rapid development of the production and manufacture of integrated circuits in Shanghai, and formed the form of Zhang Jiang, Caohejing, Zizhu, Songjiang. At the same time, the technological level of the core industry has been greatly improved, and the gap with the international mainstream technology is gradually narrowed, but the core technology and intellectual property are still controlled by the transnational corporations. In this context, in order to cope with the fierce competition in the global integrated circuit industry and break the technical monopoly of the transnational corporations, the enterprises begin to break through the transmission. The new model of "closed" innovation is to build enterprise innovation network through various formal and informal connections, carry out innovative cooperation with other enterprises, universities and scientific research institutions on the industrial chain, promote the flow of knowledge and learn from each other, participate in the new product, the research and development of new technology, and the industrialization of innovative achievements. A new type of innovative organization.
Based on the innovation network theory in economic geography, and using the tools of data analysis and comparative analysis, this paper studies the key problems of the knowledge source, network structure and spatial characteristics of the innovation network of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises. The paper summarizes the concept, evolution and basic characteristics of industrial cluster, the connotation, types and characteristics of the innovation network, and finds that the innovation network is increasingly complicated with the innovation process. In order to reduce the various risks in the process of innovation and reduce the cost of innovation, the innovative owners can pass through various formal or informal relationships among the innovative owners. It can be divided into different types according to different classification standards. On this basis, this paper depicts the innovation network analysis chart of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprise from two dimensions of joint application technology patent and national major science and technology special, and deeply analyses the new network structure of Shanghai integrated circuit enterprises, and finds local enterprises. Inter industry cooperation has become the main body of enterprise innovation network. It is the key of Shanghai integrated circuit industry to improve its independent innovation ability and global competitiveness. However, the external connection, especially the global innovation network embedded in MNCs, is also an important source of new knowledge and technology. In this process, the overseas returnees are composed of talents. The transnational technical community has become the backbone of the Shanghai integrated circuit industry. At the same time, as an important node of the innovation network, universities and scientific research units play a key role in the process of knowledge production and diffusion because of their strong scientific research ability. It is the key knowledge source of the whole network.
As a top-down innovation model, the national major science and technology project is the centralized embodiment of the national innovation network, and the local enterprise through cooperation application patent for technology research and development as the enterprise bottom-up innovation model is also an important component part of the regional innovation network. The thesis is in the study of the Shanghai collection under two different perspectives. At the same time, the structure characteristics of the innovation network of the circuit enterprise are also made, and the coupling problem between the national innovation network and the regional innovation network is discussed from the aspects of building the technological innovation system based on the enterprise as the main body, promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into the innovation network of enterprises, and introducing and cultivating excellent R & D talents. The improvement of independent innovation capability of Shanghai IC industry has greatly enhanced the global competitive advantage of Shanghai IC enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F273.1;F426.61
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