論室外公共場所雕塑作品的合理使用
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-22 15:15
【摘要】：合理使用作為一種著作權(quán)限制制度已經(jīng)是現(xiàn)代各國著作權(quán)法的通行制度，其中允許對室外公共場所藝術(shù)作品進(jìn)行合理使用也得到各國普遍認(rèn)可。我國《著作權(quán)法》第22條第（10）項亦有此規(guī)定，但由于立法規(guī)范的模糊性和判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的缺失，使得我國司法實踐中法官對此類糾紛的處理參差不齊，學(xué)理上也一直爭論不休。因此，有必要對室外公共場所雕塑作品的合理使用問題做出理論上的深化研究，從而推進(jìn)立法上的完善，最終指導(dǎo)司法解決利益紛爭。 本文總體的行文思路為：首先，以實踐中的典型司法案例為研究出發(fā)點，歸納分析案例所反映的問題，并從中引出理論探討。然后，在借鑒域外優(yōu)秀立法和學(xué)術(shù)研究的基礎(chǔ)上，，立足于我國司法實踐之需要，從而最終對該理論作出推進(jìn)和完善。主要內(nèi)容可分為四部分： 第一部分是司法層面的剖析，通過對“東方醒獅”、“五月的風(fēng)”、“董永和七仙女”案等五個經(jīng)典司法案例的判決依據(jù)和判決倫理進(jìn)行解析，總結(jié)出室外公共場所雕塑作品的合理使用糾紛存在的共同爭議焦點：一是立體到平面的攝影行為是否屬于復(fù)制；二是營利目的的再行使用是否構(gòu)成合理使用。不同的法院基于對爭議焦點的不同理解，從而以不同的判決倫理生成不同甚至完全相反的判決結(jié)果。 第二部分是學(xué)理層面的探討，首先介紹室外公共場所雕塑作品的特殊性以及合理使用制度的法律屬性和一般判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。然后，重點闡述我國知識產(chǎn)權(quán)學(xué)界在室外公共場所雕塑作品的異形復(fù)制和營利目的的再行使用問題上存在的觀點分歧。最后，筆者在考查了世界各國著作權(quán)法相關(guān)立法規(guī)定和我國司法實踐之需要的基礎(chǔ)上得出本文結(jié)論：利用攝影實現(xiàn)室外公共場所雕塑作品從立體到平面的簡單再現(xiàn)的行為屬于著作權(quán)法意義上的復(fù)制行為；但對合理使用下獲得的復(fù)制件進(jìn)行再行使用時應(yīng)當(dāng)“以正當(dāng)目的為前提，非營利性使用為原則，附帶使用為例外”，否則不屬于我國著作權(quán)法規(guī)定的合理使用范圍。 第三部分采用比較法的研究方法，在考查美國、德國、英國、日本以及我國臺灣地區(qū)等國家或地區(qū)的著作權(quán)法對室外公共場所雕塑作品合理使用的相關(guān)規(guī)定后，從合理使用方式和再行使用范圍兩個層面進(jìn)行比較分析。借此，以期對完善我國室外公共場所雕塑作品的立法規(guī)范提供一定的借鑒意義和參考價值。 第四部分是對我國室外公共場所雕塑作品合理使用制度的反思與重構(gòu)。分析相關(guān)案例的判決書后發(fā)現(xiàn)，我國大部分法院在處理室外公共場所雕塑作品合理使用糾紛案件時存在“判決結(jié)果不一，說理不充分”的弊端。這其中的主要原因在于我國立法規(guī)范仍缺乏可供法官參考的合理使用判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因此，本文認(rèn)為，基于對現(xiàn)代著作權(quán)法的立法宗旨和合理使用制度的價值功能之考慮，有必要確定“利益平衡”作為我國合理使用的一般判斷原則，同時在充分考慮室外公共場所雕塑作品的特性基礎(chǔ)上確立一些具體的判斷要素。
[Abstract]:The rational use of the copyright restriction system has been the system of the copyright law of modern countries, which allows the rational use of art works in outdoor public places to be widely recognized by all countries. China's copyright law, twenty-second articles (10), also has this provision, but is due to the lack of ambiguity and judgment standards of the legislative norms, Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the theoretical research on the rational use of the sculpture works in outdoor public places, so as to promote the perfection of the legislation and ultimately guide the judicial solution of the dispute of interest.
The overall thinking of the article is as follows: first, taking the typical judicial cases in practice as the starting point, the problems reflected in the case are summarized and the theoretical discussion is drawn from it. Then, on the basis of the excellent legislation and academic research abroad, it is based on the needs of the judicial practice in our country, and finally the theory is promoted and finished. Good. The main content can be divided into four parts:
The first part is the analysis of the judicial level. Through the analysis of the judgment basis and the judgment ethics of the five classical judicial cases, such as "the east lion", "the wind of May", "Dong Yong and the seven fairy" case, this paper sums up the common dispute focus in the dispute of the rational use of the sculpture works in outdoor public places: one is the stereo to the plane. Whether or not the action of the shadow belongs to reproduction; two is whether the re use of profit purposes constitutes a reasonable use. Different courts based on different understanding of the focus of the dispute, thus generating different or even completely opposite verdict results with different judgment ethics.
The second part is the discussion of the theoretical level. First, it introduces the particularity of the sculpture works in outdoor public places, the legal attributes of the rational use system and the general judgment standard. Then, it focuses on the views of the intellectual property circles in the field of intellectual property of our country on the reduplication of the sculptures in outdoor public places and the reuse of the purpose of the profit. Finally, on the basis of examining the relevant legislative provisions of the copyright law of the world and the needs of the judicial practice of our country, the author draws the conclusion that the simple reproduction of the sculptures of outdoor public places from the stereoscopic to the plane by photography is a copy of the copyright law. It should be "on the premise of proper purpose, the principle of non profit use as the principle, and the incidental use as an exception", otherwise it does not belong to the reasonable scope of use stipulated by the copyright law of China.
The third part adopts the comparative method, and compares the relevant provisions of the copyright law of the United States, Germany, Britain, Japan and the Taiwan region of China to the rational use of sculpture works in outdoor public places, and compares them with the two levels of rational use and re use. The statues of sculptures in outdoor public places in China provide some reference and reference value.
The fourth part is the reflection and reconstruction of the rational use system of sculpture works in outdoor public places in China. After the analysis of relevant cases, it is found that most of the courts of our country have the malpractice of "the result is not one and the reason is inadequate" when dealing with the rational use of disputes in the sculpture works of outdoor public places. The main reasons are the main reasons. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the "balance of interests" as a general judgment principle for rational use of our country, and to take full consideration of the outdoor public. Based on the characteristics of sculpture works, some specific elements of judgement are established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.41
本文編號：2137876
[Abstract]:The rational use of the copyright restriction system has been the system of the copyright law of modern countries, which allows the rational use of art works in outdoor public places to be widely recognized by all countries. China's copyright law, twenty-second articles (10), also has this provision, but is due to the lack of ambiguity and judgment standards of the legislative norms, Therefore, it is necessary to deepen the theoretical research on the rational use of the sculpture works in outdoor public places, so as to promote the perfection of the legislation and ultimately guide the judicial solution of the dispute of interest.
The overall thinking of the article is as follows: first, taking the typical judicial cases in practice as the starting point, the problems reflected in the case are summarized and the theoretical discussion is drawn from it. Then, on the basis of the excellent legislation and academic research abroad, it is based on the needs of the judicial practice in our country, and finally the theory is promoted and finished. Good. The main content can be divided into four parts:
The first part is the analysis of the judicial level. Through the analysis of the judgment basis and the judgment ethics of the five classical judicial cases, such as "the east lion", "the wind of May", "Dong Yong and the seven fairy" case, this paper sums up the common dispute focus in the dispute of the rational use of the sculpture works in outdoor public places: one is the stereo to the plane. Whether or not the action of the shadow belongs to reproduction; two is whether the re use of profit purposes constitutes a reasonable use. Different courts based on different understanding of the focus of the dispute, thus generating different or even completely opposite verdict results with different judgment ethics.
The second part is the discussion of the theoretical level. First, it introduces the particularity of the sculpture works in outdoor public places, the legal attributes of the rational use system and the general judgment standard. Then, it focuses on the views of the intellectual property circles in the field of intellectual property of our country on the reduplication of the sculptures in outdoor public places and the reuse of the purpose of the profit. Finally, on the basis of examining the relevant legislative provisions of the copyright law of the world and the needs of the judicial practice of our country, the author draws the conclusion that the simple reproduction of the sculptures of outdoor public places from the stereoscopic to the plane by photography is a copy of the copyright law. It should be "on the premise of proper purpose, the principle of non profit use as the principle, and the incidental use as an exception", otherwise it does not belong to the reasonable scope of use stipulated by the copyright law of China.
The third part adopts the comparative method, and compares the relevant provisions of the copyright law of the United States, Germany, Britain, Japan and the Taiwan region of China to the rational use of sculpture works in outdoor public places, and compares them with the two levels of rational use and re use. The statues of sculptures in outdoor public places in China provide some reference and reference value.
The fourth part is the reflection and reconstruction of the rational use system of sculpture works in outdoor public places in China. After the analysis of relevant cases, it is found that most of the courts of our country have the malpractice of "the result is not one and the reason is inadequate" when dealing with the rational use of disputes in the sculpture works of outdoor public places. The main reasons are the main reasons. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the "balance of interests" as a general judgment principle for rational use of our country, and to take full consideration of the outdoor public. Based on the characteristics of sculpture works, some specific elements of judgement are established.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.41
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