口腔固定義齒數(shù)字化設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)研究
本文選題：固定義齒 + 網(wǎng)格拓?fù)渲亟?/strong>�。� 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】：隨著人民生活水平的提高，口腔健康越來(lái)越受到人們的關(guān)注，我國(guó)口腔疾病患病率達(dá)到97.6%，約有50%的齲齒需要進(jìn)行固定義齒修復(fù)。由于傳統(tǒng)義齒制作方法工序復(fù)雜、周期長(zhǎng)、而且無(wú)法保證精度，計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)制造技術(shù)開(kāi)始滲透到口腔醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域。國(guó)外市場(chǎng)上陸續(xù)出現(xiàn)了口腔修復(fù)系統(tǒng)，但其昂貴的價(jià)格導(dǎo)致了口腔治療費(fèi)用的增加，影響臨床上的推廣和應(yīng)用。相比之下，國(guó)內(nèi)尚無(wú)商品化的系統(tǒng)，所以本文對(duì)口腔固定義齒的數(shù)字化設(shè)計(jì)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)進(jìn)行了研究，致力于開(kāi)發(fā)具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的義齒設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)。 研究了三角網(wǎng)格模型拓?fù)渲亟夹g(shù)，對(duì)現(xiàn)有方法進(jìn)行了對(duì)比分析，采用平衡二叉樹(shù)輔助結(jié)構(gòu)去除冗余頂點(diǎn)，提取了模型頂點(diǎn)和三角形信息；分別求取頂點(diǎn)、邊和三角面的鄰接關(guān)系，建立了網(wǎng)格拓?fù)潢P(guān)系圖；在網(wǎng)格優(yōu)化算子中引入曲率約束，實(shí)現(xiàn)了網(wǎng)格拓?fù)湫螤顑?yōu)化，建立了基于三角網(wǎng)格曲面的義齒三維模型數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)。 研究了預(yù)備牙模型頸緣線(xiàn)提取技術(shù)，提出了一種基于改進(jìn)蟻群算法的頸緣線(xiàn)提取方法，本文在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)蟻群算法基礎(chǔ)上，以平均曲率作為頸緣線(xiàn)特征點(diǎn)的度量，輔以距離函數(shù)作為方向引導(dǎo)，對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)蟻群算法啟發(fā)函數(shù)進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)，并針對(duì)蟻群算法局部最優(yōu)問(wèn)題，引入了隨機(jī)動(dòng)態(tài)權(quán)值，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了頸緣線(xiàn)的交互自適應(yīng)提取，并通過(guò)實(shí)例驗(yàn)證了算法的有效性。 研究了三角網(wǎng)格曲面等距技術(shù)，提出了一種基于離散隱式曲面的三角網(wǎng)格等距方法，以預(yù)備牙頸緣線(xiàn)作為邊界線(xiàn)，采用種子三角形區(qū)域增長(zhǎng)的方法提取了預(yù)備牙等距基面，建立了包圍盒空間符號(hào)距離場(chǎng)，應(yīng)用改進(jìn)的MT算法從符號(hào)距離場(chǎng)中提取出了等距面，實(shí)現(xiàn)了三角網(wǎng)格曲面等距，避免了現(xiàn)有等距方法的自交問(wèn)題。 基于Qt4軟件開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境及OpenGL圖形庫(kù)，開(kāi)發(fā)了一套固定義齒數(shù)字化設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)，融入了本文義齒數(shù)字化設(shè)計(jì)技術(shù)的研究理論，建立了系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)計(jì)了系統(tǒng)總體框架，實(shí)現(xiàn)了三維牙模的輸入和輸出、用戶(hù)信息的交互存儲(chǔ)，模型的自由顯示，，固定義齒的設(shè)計(jì)等功能。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of people's living standard, people pay more and more attention to oral health. The prevalence rate of oral diseases in China is 97.6. about 50% of dental caries need to be repaired with fixed dentures. Because the traditional denture manufacturing process is complicated, the period is long, and the precision can not be guaranteed, the computer-aided design and manufacture technology has begun to infiltrate into the field of stomatology. Oral repair systems have appeared in foreign markets, but their high prices have led to the increase of oral treatment costs, affecting the clinical promotion and application. In contrast, there is no commercial system in China, so this paper studies the key technology of digital design of fixed denture in oral cavity, and devotes to the development of denture design system with independent intellectual property rights. The topology reconstruction technology of triangular mesh model is studied, and the existing methods are compared and analyzed. The redundant vertices are removed by using balanced binary tree auxiliary structure, and the information of model vertices and triangles are extracted, and the vertices are obtained respectively. The topological graph of mesh is established by the contiguous relation between edges and triangles, and the mesh topology shape optimization is realized by introducing curvature constraint into the mesh optimization operator, and the data structure of denture 3D model based on triangular mesh surface is established. In this paper, the technique of neck edge line extraction of the prep tooth model is studied, and a new method based on improved ant colony algorithm is proposed. Based on the standard ant colony algorithm, the mean curvature is taken as the measure of the characteristic point of the neck edge line. Guided by distance function, the heuristic function of standard ant colony algorithm is improved, and random dynamic weights are introduced to solve the local optimal problem of ant colony algorithm. Finally, interactive adaptive extraction of neck edge line is realized. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified by an example. A triangular mesh isometric method based on discrete-time implicit surface is proposed in this paper. The edge line of the prepared tooth is taken as the boundary line, and the equidistant base surface is extracted by using the method of seed triangle region growth. The symbolic distance field in the bounding box space is established and the equidistant surface is extracted from the symbol distance field by using the improved MT algorithm. The triangular mesh surface isometry is realized and the self-intersection problem of the existing isometric methods is avoided. Based on Qt4 software development environment and OpenGL graphics library, a set of fixed denture digital design system is developed, which integrates the research theory of digital denture design technology in this paper, establishes the data storage structure of the system, and designs the overall framework of the system. The functions of input and output of 3D tooth die, interactive storage of user information, free display of model and design of fixed denture are realized.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TP391.7
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