本文選題：血管介入治療 + 三維可視化��； 參考：《北京工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近幾年來，心血管疾病日益成為人們健康的重要?dú)⑹�。每年有成百上千萬的人死于心血管疾病。放射介入療法目前已經(jīng)被廣泛的用于治療血管疾病，并成為最及時(shí)、最有效的方法之一。通過現(xiàn)有虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)，對血管內(nèi)導(dǎo)絲的運(yùn)動進(jìn)行了仿真模擬，有助于解決傳統(tǒng)介入手術(shù)醫(yī)生培訓(xùn)無法在臨床環(huán)境下進(jìn)行的問題。 本文詳細(xì)的介紹了虛擬血管介入手術(shù)培訓(xùn)系統(tǒng)中的軟件部分，通過三維建模方法構(gòu)建虛擬的血管三維模型，以及手術(shù)器械(導(dǎo)管/導(dǎo)絲)，導(dǎo)絲在血管中實(shí)時(shí)的進(jìn)行碰撞檢測，并在完成碰撞之后發(fā)生運(yùn)動改變，而且通過質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧模型算法對碰撞區(qū)域的導(dǎo)絲進(jìn)行物理建模，，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了基于MFC的軟件設(shè)計(jì)。三維血管模型與導(dǎo)絲模型的導(dǎo)入設(shè)計(jì)，是在3DSlicer開發(fā)軟件中擴(kuò)展了VMTK開發(fā)包，其中集成了水平集分割算法，導(dǎo)入真實(shí)的人體心臟MRI圖像，選取分割區(qū)域，同時(shí)選取種子點(diǎn)，完成對心臟血管的分割，最終分割出一支右冠狀動脈血管。導(dǎo)絲與血管壁的碰撞檢測與碰撞消除的實(shí)現(xiàn)，首先提取局部三角面片信息，通過選擇以導(dǎo)絲首個分段的中心點(diǎn)為球心點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)，以導(dǎo)絲首段分段的一半長度為半徑構(gòu)建一個三維虛擬球體，選取所有包含在球體內(nèi)部的三角面片信息，然后與首段導(dǎo)絲進(jìn)行空間中的相交檢測完成碰撞檢測的過程。判斷碰撞檢測結(jié)果，如果發(fā)生碰撞，導(dǎo)絲運(yùn)動方向即發(fā)生改變，并以發(fā)生碰撞的面片（血管模型的最小單元）作為反射面，經(jīng)反射后沿血管壁內(nèi)側(cè)反射角方向運(yùn)動，確保導(dǎo)絲不會穿出血管。碰撞區(qū)域的導(dǎo)絲進(jìn)行質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧模型的物理建模方法，是將碰撞區(qū)域的導(dǎo)絲部分離散為一些由彈簧連接的質(zhì)點(diǎn)，每個質(zhì)點(diǎn)相互受到彈簧的作用力，并假設(shè)發(fā)生反射的質(zhì)點(diǎn)不僅受到前后兩個節(jié)點(diǎn)的彈簧拉力，而且收到了一個虛擬彈簧體的力，目的是為了改變導(dǎo)絲的平滑性。通過三個質(zhì)點(diǎn)對反射點(diǎn)的作用力改變它的空間坐標(biāo)，完成導(dǎo)絲的物理建模。同時(shí)此部分還將質(zhì)點(diǎn)-彈簧模型應(yīng)用到血管跳動的模擬中，并提出了一種簡單的實(shí)現(xiàn)血管造影效果的方法。系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了交互式操作界面，操作界面包括血管模型的顯示窗口，以及模擬導(dǎo)絲的前進(jìn)與后退按鈕，其中實(shí)現(xiàn)了串口通信的功能，通過采集單片機(jī)傳送的位移信號，導(dǎo)絲實(shí)時(shí)改變運(yùn)動狀態(tài)，并加入了力反饋信息。 虛擬血管內(nèi)導(dǎo)絲的運(yùn)動仿真是血管內(nèi)介入手術(shù)培訓(xùn)系統(tǒng)中重要的組成部分，能夠提供給醫(yī)生一個可重復(fù)操作的教學(xué)系統(tǒng)。本系統(tǒng)的成功研制對于建立擁有我國自主知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的醫(yī)學(xué)模擬教學(xué)系統(tǒng)具有積極的推動作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, cardiovascular disease has become an important killer of human health. Millions of people die of cardiovascular disease every year. Interventional radiotherapy has been widely used in the treatment of vascular diseases and has become one of the most timely and effective methods. By using the existing virtual reality technology, the motion of the intravascular guide wire is simulated, which is helpful to solve the problem that the traditional training of interventional surgeon can not be carried out in the clinical environment. In this paper, the software of virtual vascular interventional surgery training system is introduced in detail, and the virtual vascular 3D model is constructed by 3D modeling method, and the instrument (catheter / guide wire) is used to detect the collision in the blood vessel in real time. The motion changes after the collision is completed, and the physical modeling of the guide wire in the collision area is carried out by the mass-spring model algorithm. Finally, the software design based on MFC is realized. The import design of 3D vascular model and wire guide model is to extend the VMTK development kit in the 3DSlicer development software, which integrates the level set segmentation algorithm, imports the real human heart MRI image, selects the segmentation area, and selects the seed point. Complete the segmentation of the heart vessel, and finally segment a right coronary artery. In order to detect and eliminate the collision between the guide wire and the vascular wall, the information of the local triangular surface is extracted first, and the center point of the first segment of the guide wire is selected as the coordinate of the spherical center point. A three-dimensional virtual sphere is constructed with half the length of the first segment of the guide wire as the radius, and all the information of the triangle surface contained in the sphere is selected, and then the collision detection process is completed by intersecting with the leading wire in the space. Judging the result of collision detection, if the collision occurs, the direction of the guide wire will change, and the surface of the collision (the smallest unit of the vascular model) will be used as the reflective surface, and then it will move along the direction of the inner reflection angle of the vascular wall after reflection. Make sure the guide wire does not penetrate the blood vessel. The physical modeling method of the mass-spring model of the guide wire in the impact area is to discretize the guide wire part of the impact area into some mass connected by the spring, and each mass is subjected to the spring force each other. It is assumed that the reflected mass is not only subjected to the spring tension of the front and rear nodes, but also to the force of a virtual spring body, in order to change the smoothness of the guide wire. The physical modeling of the guide wire is completed by changing the spatial coordinates of the three particles acting on the reflection point. At the same time, the mass-spring model is applied to the simulation of blood vessel beating, and a simple method to realize the effect of angiography is proposed. The system software designs and implements the interactive operation interface, which includes the display window of blood vessel model, and the forward and backward buttons of analog guide wire. The function of serial port communication is realized, and the displacement signal transmitted by single chip microcomputer is collected. The guide wire changes the motion state in real time and adds force feedback information. The motion simulation of virtual intravascular guide wire is an important part of the training system of intravascular interventional surgery. It can provide a repeatable teaching system for doctors. The successful development of this system can promote the establishment of a medical simulation teaching system with independent intellectual property rights in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TP391.9

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 高齊新;于洋;趙大哲;劉積仁;;一種基于水平集的肺部血管快速分割方法[J];東北大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2008年06期

2 周正東;Pascal Haigron;Vincent Guilloux;羅立民;;三維血管介入手術(shù)模擬方法[J];東南大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(自然科學(xué)版);2010年02期

3 鄭彥平;賀鈞;;虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀及發(fā)展[J];信息技術(shù);2005年12期

4 康文煒;王珂;張立保;李娟;;基于融合的冠狀動脈血管分割方法[J];計(jì)算機(jī)工程與應(yīng)用;2010年12期

5 王彥臻;熊岳山;譚珂;郭光友;;基于復(fù)合彈簧振子模型的實(shí)時(shí)心跳模擬[J];計(jì)算機(jī)工程與科學(xué);2008年01期

6 李俊,楊新,施鵬飛;基于Mumford-Shah模型的快速水平集圖像分割方法[J];計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)報(bào);2002年11期

7 康勇;熊岳山;譚柯;郭光友;;基于運(yùn)動對象局部場景截取的碰撞檢測算法[J];計(jì)算機(jī)仿真;2008年11期

8 康勇;譚柯;郭光友;;碰撞檢測在虛擬心臟介入手術(shù)中的應(yīng)用[J];計(jì)算機(jī)與現(xiàn)代化;2008年11期

9 徐紀(jì)濤;李鑫;;虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)技術(shù)的教學(xué)應(yīng)用探析[J];武警學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2008年01期

10 鮑春波;王博亮;劉卓;程明;;一種用于軟組織變形仿真的動態(tài)質(zhì)點(diǎn)彈簧模型[J];系統(tǒng)仿真學(xué)報(bào);2006年04期

本文編號：1819880