本文選題：專利期限 + 最優(yōu)專利期限　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：專利期限制度是專利保護(hù)的核心內(nèi)容，專利保護(hù)的實(shí)現(xiàn)必須以有效的專利期限制度為依托。沒(méi)有有效的專利期限制度或制度不完善，將使整個(gè)專利制度促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新的作用受到限制或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)。但就目前實(shí)際情況看，我國(guó)的專利期限制度主要是為了保持與國(guó)際條約相同的立場(chǎng)，根據(jù)國(guó)際法律規(guī)則規(guī)定的。如果專利保護(hù)期限的確定僅是為了迎合國(guó)際規(guī)則要求被動(dòng)規(guī)定，缺少本國(guó)實(shí)際情況與市場(chǎng)力量的指引，將是個(gè)低效的制度。此時(shí)，專利期限制度將難以平衡社會(huì)和個(gè)人利益，也很難促進(jìn)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新，同時(shí)理論界和實(shí)務(wù)界對(duì)上述問(wèn)題的討論也日趨激烈。因此，有必要運(yùn)用實(shí)證分析的方法對(duì)我國(guó)專利期限制度的適用情況進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)其中問(wèn)題，為完善專利期限制度尋求良策。 用于專利期限制度的相關(guān)范疇包括專利期限、專利最優(yōu)期限、專利保護(hù)期限。專利期限是鼓勵(lì)技術(shù)更新對(duì)權(quán)利人權(quán)利的一種約束，專利最優(yōu)期限是平衡利益關(guān)系的一種調(diào)節(jié)器，專利保護(hù)期限是制裁侵權(quán)人對(duì)權(quán)利人權(quán)利的一種保護(hù)。 通過(guò)實(shí)證研究分析我國(guó)專利期限制度的適用情況（法律狀態(tài)、授權(quán)時(shí)間、維持時(shí)間），可以發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)專利存在終止率較高、終止速率較快（其中未繳年費(fèi)終止占七成左右）、專利授權(quán)時(shí)間偏長(zhǎng)、不同領(lǐng)域?qū)＠嬖谶m用差異等問(wèn)題，，從我國(guó)實(shí)際情況考慮，其根源在于創(chuàng)新主體目的性偏差、創(chuàng)新主體資金差異、審查力量薄弱、撰寫水平較低、高質(zhì)量專利較少、技術(shù)本身特性的影響。 站在我國(guó)實(shí)際問(wèn)題存在的根源出發(fā)，考慮我國(guó)專利期限制度改革，提出加強(qiáng)從申請(qǐng)到授權(quán)期間的專利權(quán)益保護(hù)，包括縮短申請(qǐng)到授權(quán)時(shí)間、適度延長(zhǎng)授權(quán)后的專利完全保護(hù)期限、調(diào)整專利起算點(diǎn)；優(yōu)化從授權(quán)到終止期間的專利權(quán)利保護(hù)，包括對(duì)不同技術(shù)領(lǐng)域?qū)＠o予不同保護(hù)、根據(jù)本國(guó)實(shí)際將部分技術(shù)領(lǐng)域規(guī)定特殊的期限。同時(shí)，提出了提高我國(guó)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的整體外部環(huán)境的途徑。 完善專利期限制度是專利保護(hù)水平提高的關(guān)鍵所在，需要在理論實(shí)踐中不斷探索、完善。
[Abstract]:Patent duration system is the core content of patent protection, and the realization of patent protection must rely on effective patent term system.If there is no effective patent term system or the system is imperfect, the role of the whole patent system in promoting innovation will be restricted or difficult to realize.But as far as the actual situation is concerned, the patent term system of our country is mainly in order to maintain the same position as the international treaty and according to the rules of international law.If the term of patent protection is only determined to meet the requirements of international rules passive regulation, the lack of guidance of the actual situation of the country and market forces, will be an inefficient system.At this time, it will be difficult to balance the social and personal interests and promote technological innovation in the patent term system. At the same time, the discussion on the above issues is becoming more and more intense in the theoretical and practical circles.Therefore, it is necessary to use the method of empirical analysis to make statistics and analysis on the application of patent term system in China, to find out the problems, and to find a good way to perfect the patent term system.The relevant categories used in patent term system include patent term, patent optimal term, patent protection period.The term of patent is a kind of restriction to encourage technology renewal to the rights of the obligee, the optimal term of patent is a kind of regulator to balance the relation of interests, and the term of patent protection is a kind of protection against the infringer to the right of the obligee.Through empirical research and analysis of the application of patent duration system in China (legal status, authorization time, maintenance time), it can be found that the patent termination rate is relatively high in China.The rate of termination is fast (about 70% of the cases are terminated by unpaid annual fee, the patent licensing time is too long, and there are differences in the application of patents in different fields). Considering the actual situation in our country, the root of this problem lies in the purposeful deviation of the innovation subject.The innovation main body fund difference, the examination power is weak, the writing level is lower, the high quality patent is less, the technology itself characteristic influence.Standing at the root of the actual problems in our country, considering the reform of the patent duration system in China, we propose to strengthen the protection of patent rights and interests during the period from application to authorization, including shortening the time between application and authorization.Appropriate extension of the period of full patent protection after authorization, adjustment of the starting point of the patent, optimization of the protection of patent rights during the period from authorization to termination, including the granting of different protection to patents in different technical fields,A special period of time will be set for some technical areas according to the actual situation in the country.At the same time, it puts forward the ways to improve the whole external environment of intellectual property in our country.Perfecting the patent term system is the key to the improvement of patent protection level, which needs to be explored and perfected in theory and practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D923.42

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本文編號(hào)：1772069