本文選題：知識產(chǎn)權(quán)　切入點：相關市場界定　出處：《東北財經(jīng)大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在漫長的反壟斷司法實踐中,相關市場界定的問題越來越受到各國人們的關注和重視,相關市場的界定問題已經(jīng)成為反壟斷案件經(jīng)濟分析的基礎和關鍵。相關市場的使用,實質(zhì)上是為了在反壟斷執(zhí)法中能夠明確的對企業(yè)間的競爭進行界定。世界各國都在本國的司法實踐中不斷的對相關市場界定及其問題進行修改完善,最初的相關市場界定是對傳統(tǒng)的相關產(chǎn)品市場問題進行闡述的,我國對相關市場界定的反壟斷文件大部分也都是關于相關產(chǎn)品市場界定及其方法的規(guī)范,然而隨著新經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)業(yè)的不斷發(fā)展,技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新已經(jīng)成為推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的主要動力。以技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新為代表的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)及其法律制度在新經(jīng)濟和社會的發(fā)展中作用也越發(fā)的凸顯。因此在反壟斷的司法實踐中涉及到知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的案件越來越多,應用針對傳統(tǒng)的相關產(chǎn)品市場的理論和方法來解決這些案件時顯然不夠準確,從而需要對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)領域的相關市場界定給予更深入的分析研究。我國的反壟斷立法起步相對比較晚,對相關市場的界定也在很大程度上受到了其他國家的影響,尤其是美國。我國對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)領域的相關市場界定的反壟斷文件更是少之又少,因此對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的相關市場界定的研究對我國的反壟斷執(zhí)法具有重大的作用。 知識產(chǎn)權(quán)本身具有一些和傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品不同的特征,因此需要對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場的界定及其方法進行重新的分析研究。根據(jù)美國頒布的《知識產(chǎn)權(quán)許可的反托拉斯指南》的規(guī)定,將知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場分為產(chǎn)品市場、技術(shù)市場和創(chuàng)新市場。我國也按照這個分類將知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場分為這三個部分,知識產(chǎn)權(quán)反托拉斯指南指出了對傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品市場界定的方法仍然適用于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場。然而在具體的應用時由于知識產(chǎn)權(quán)本身具有和傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品不同的特征,因此具體方法的使用中仍然需要進行區(qū)分。 本文首先對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的特征進行了分析,從整體上來看,知識產(chǎn)權(quán)具有專有性、時間性和地域性三個主要的特征。知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的這三方面的特征就導致了知識產(chǎn)權(quán)在成本結(jié)構(gòu)、消費者轉(zhuǎn)移難易程度、生產(chǎn)者轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)的難易度從而導致潛在競爭者的數(shù)目以及相關區(qū)域市場等方面都和傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品市場有所區(qū)別。其次,本文分別從產(chǎn)品市場、技術(shù)市場和創(chuàng)新市場三部分分別論述相應的相關市場界定問題,這里的產(chǎn)品市場指的是利用專利技術(shù)生產(chǎn)出來的產(chǎn)品,這種產(chǎn)品是有形的產(chǎn)品,從這個意義上來說,它和一般的商品沒有什么區(qū)別,對技術(shù)市場和創(chuàng)新市場的界定的闡述中,本文還分別引用了反壟斷司法實踐中的一些經(jīng)典的案例,這有助于對技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新市場界定的分析。接下來就是本文分析的重點部分,即知識產(chǎn)權(quán)相關市場的界定方法。本文就是從傳統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)品市場界定方法分析出發(fā)來比較這些方法在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場界定中的應用以及和傳統(tǒng)市場界定時的區(qū)別。需求替代性是界定傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)品市場比較常用的方法,但本文經(jīng)過分析后得出以需求交叉彈性為代表的需求替代性方法在技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新市場的界定中并不是非常有效的結(jié)論。供給替代性方法在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的界定中的應用要比傳統(tǒng)市場界定更常用,對于市場界限模糊的技術(shù)和創(chuàng)新市場,供給替代性方法是一個可以選擇的方法。假定壟斷者測試無論是對傳統(tǒng)市場的界定還是對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場的界定都是最常用的方法,其中臨界彈性和臨界損失分析法是假定壟斷者測試的兩個重要的衍生方法,在該章的結(jié)尾部分,作者分析了假定壟斷者測試在界定知識產(chǎn)權(quán)市場時和傳統(tǒng)市場界定的區(qū)別,這是本文的重點,也是這篇文章研究的意義所在。最后文章從美國、歐盟及中國相關市場的發(fā)展過程及司法實踐中進一步了解相關市場在世界各國的具體應用。作為該篇文章的總結(jié)部分,最后一部分主要論述了對知識產(chǎn)權(quán)領域相關市場界定的研究給我國反壟斷執(zhí)法領域帶來的啟示。
[Abstract]:In the lengthy antitrust judicial practice, the problem of defining the relevant market attracted more and more concern and attention, defining relevant market has become the basis and key of antitrust cases economy. Using the relevant market, essentially in order to clear the definition of competition between enterprises in the anti monopoly law enforcement in all countries in the world. In our country the judicial practice to the definition of relevant market and to revise and improve the relevant market, the first is definition of the relevant product market of traditional paper, our definition of the relevant market antitrust document the majority is about and the method for defining the relevant product market norms however, with the continuous development of new economy, technology and innovation has become the main impetus of economic development. The intellectual property technology and innovation as the representative The legal system of right and its role in the development of new economy and society also more prominent. Therefore involves more and more cases of intellectual property rights in the judicial practice of anti monopoly in the application of the theories and methods of related products for the traditional market to solve these cases apparently is not accurate enough, so we need the relevant market in the area of intellectual property the definition given further study. China's anti-monopoly legislation started relatively late, the definition of relevant market is greatly influenced by other countries, especially the United States. China's definition of the relevant market in the field of intellectual property antitrust document is few, so the study of the definition of the relevant market of intellectual property has great effect on China's anti-monopoly law enforcement.
Intellectual property and traditional product itself has some different characteristics, so the definition of the intellectual property market and method should be studied again. According to the regulations of intellectual property license issued by the United States "antitrust" guidelines for the intellectual property market into the product market, technology market and innovation in China in accordance with the market. The classification of the intellectual property market is divided into three parts, intellectual property antitrust guide pointed out that the traditional method of defining the product market is still applicable to intellectual property market. However, the application of the intellectual property and traditional product itself has different characteristics, so the use of specific methods still need to be distinguished.
Firstly, characteristics of intellectual property are analyzed, from the overall perspective, intellectual property is exclusive, the three main characteristics of time and region. The three aspects of the characteristics of the intellectual property rights leads to the intellectual property rights in the cost structure, consumers transfer the degree of difficulty, the difficulty of converting producers resulting in number potential competitors and related areas and other aspects of the market and the traditional product market difference. Secondly, this paper from the product market, technology market and innovation market three parts discuss respectively the corresponding definition of the relevant market, the product market refers to the use of patented technology products, this product is a tangible product, in this sense, it is not what the difference and general merchandise, the definition of elaboration on the market and technology innovation in the market, this paper cited the antitrust Fault in the judicial practice of some of the classic case, it is helpful to the analysis of the definition of technology and market innovation. The next step is the analysis of the key parts, namely the relevant market definition method of intellectual property rights. This paper is the definition analysis method from the traditional product market starting to compare these methods in the intellectual property market definition and application the traditional market and bounded difference. Replacement demand is a common method to define the traditional product market, but this paper obtained by analyzing the cross elasticity of demand as the representative of the need for alternative methods to define in technology and innovation in the market is not very effective. Application of the provision of alternative methods in the definition of intellectual property rights in the compared to the traditional market definition is more common for the market, a blur of technology and innovation market, supply alternative method is an optional method. The hypothetical monopolist test whether traditional definition of the market or the definition of the intellectual property market is the most commonly used method, the critical elastic and critical loss analysis method are two important methods derived from the hypothetical monopolist test, at the end of this chapter, the author analyzes the difference between the hypothetical monopolist test defined in the definition of the knowledge property rights market and the traditional market, which is the focus of this article, this article is the significance of the research. Finally, from the United States, further understanding of the specific application of the relevant market in the world in the development process and the judicial practice of the EU and China related market. As a conclusion part of the article, the last part mainly discusses study on the definition of the field of intellectual property rights related to the field of law enforcement Market implications of China's anti monopoly.

【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D923.4

【引證文獻】

相關碩士學位論文 前1條

1 李倩;互聯(lián)網(wǎng)領域中相關市場的法律界定研究[D];安徽財經(jīng)大學;2015年

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本文編號：1626214