本文關鍵詞： 產(chǎn)業(yè)集群 專業(yè)市場 信息租金 知識創(chuàng)新　出處：《廣西師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：信息與知識作為研究集群組織的重要因素在馬歇爾的研究中就已經(jīng)被引起相當?shù)闹匾��；蛟S是由于同為非實物影響因素,很少有研究能夠同時把兩者所起到的作用有所區(qū)分,特別是信息效率與集群知識創(chuàng)新優(yōu)勢之間缺少專門的分析。鑒于微觀經(jīng)濟分析中信息完全的假設和宏觀經(jīng)濟分析中知識作為重要的發(fā)展因素,在中觀的分析中這兩個重要的假設或前提與現(xiàn)實情況的貼合程度值得懷疑。前人學者在集群組織的研究中對信息的研究主要是通過制度經(jīng)濟學框架下的分析,如Scott等人在科斯研究的基礎上將制度經(jīng)濟學的相關理論應用在區(qū)域組織上,而威廉姆森則是進一步使用該理論研究中間性組織。從制度的本質而言,任何制度的構建其內涵都是在某種產(chǎn)權制度下信息的傳遞和處理,因此對制度的研究和對信息的研究具有同構性,但在中觀的組織優(yōu)勢分析中信息比制度有更廣的解釋外延。通過從哲學角度對信息與知識內涵的探討,重新梳理了在意識主體認知的過程中信息與知識之間的轉化關系。而當有多個意識主體存在時,信息在他們之間的傳遞又衍生出組織性知識的創(chuàng)新,這個過程囊括了技術知識和社會關系知識。那么更進一步可知,知識創(chuàng)新則是創(chuàng)造新的關聯(lián)以此提高信息的使用效率。組織內因信息與知識的產(chǎn)權不一致性,導致信息流的傳輸結構依附于市場結構。所以以信息作為中觀分析的載體,對中觀的集群組織競爭優(yōu)勢的分析中能夠獲得一些不一樣的結論。結合信息與知識的區(qū)域性,作為產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈相關的專業(yè)市場的有序集合的集群,其信息在產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各層次的專業(yè)市場中的分布與相關的專業(yè)市場在區(qū)域內的結構是信息處理效率的決定性因素。在集群外的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的各專業(yè)市場之間,在傳遞的過程中信息的“失真度”是產(chǎn)生負外部性的最直接原因：一方面,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈相鄰企業(yè)之間沒有合作的激勵；另一方面以價格為目標的競爭中,采取道德風險和逆向選擇的成本遠低于創(chuàng)新的成本。一旦技術發(fā)展的成熟度達到產(chǎn)業(yè)技術的瓶頸,負外部性行為的出現(xiàn)將極大的影響產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的整體效益,更有甚者將產(chǎn)業(yè)代入死循環(huán)中。本文試圖證明,如果在兩個產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈上臨近的專業(yè)市場中間存在一個主導企業(yè),通過對縱向和橫向關聯(lián)企業(yè)的影響控制能夠較好的實現(xiàn)信息的處理及傳遞,并提高集群整體的知識創(chuàng)新能力,避免走入惡性循環(huán)。而主導企業(yè)因通過掌控區(qū)域集群的信息流而獲得了該區(qū)域的信息流租金,進而成為集群信息專用化處理企業(yè)的核心,并能夠獲得持續(xù)不斷的知識創(chuàng)新優(yōu)勢。而集群內的其他產(chǎn)業(yè)相關企業(yè)則得益于集群整體信息處理的效率優(yōu)于集群外企業(yè),集群中企業(yè)同時也享有部分信息租金。換言之,信息租金的獲取是集群優(yōu)于相同產(chǎn)業(yè)非集群企業(yè)或組織的重要因素。最后通過豐田汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的案例,分析豐田汽車如何將企業(yè)內制度向外拓展,及在這個過程中信息租金的形成與分配。
[Abstract]:Information and knowledge as an important factor of cluster in the research of Marshall has been attracted considerable attention. Perhaps due to the same factors as non physical effects, few studies can also put the two plays the role of distinction, especially the lack of specialized information analysis between efficiency and cluster knowledge innovation advantage. In view of the knowledge analysis hypothesis of complete information in the microeconomic analysis and macroeconomic development as an important factor, the fitting degree in the middle of the two important assumptions or premise and the realistic situation is questionable. The previous scholars in the study of the research on cluster organization of information is mainly through the analysis of institutional economics framework such as Scott, et al in the research on the basis of institutional economics, Coase theory applied in regional organizations, and Williamson is the further use of the Study on intermediate organization. From the essence of the system, the construction of any system is the connotation of the transmission and processing of information in a property rights system, so the research of the system and Research on the information has the same structure, but the information in the analysis of meso organizational advantages are explained in broader extension than the system through. Study on information and knowledge from the perspective of philosophy, re sort the conversion relationship between information and knowledge in the process of cognition in the consciousness of the subject. And when there are multiple subject consciousness, the information transfer between them is derived from the knowledge innovation organization, this process includes technical knowledge and social knowledge then further shows that knowledge innovation is the creation of new association in order to improve the efficiency in the use of information. The internal organization of information and knowledge property rights are not consistent, the transmission structure leads to the flow of information in accordance with the Attached to the market structure. So to information as a carrier medium analysis, get some different conclusions to the medium of the cluster organization competitive advantage. The regional combination of information and knowledge, as an ordered set of industrial chain related professional market clusters, the distribution of information at all levels of the industry chain professional in the market and the relevant professional market in the region of the structure is the decisive factor of the efficiency of information processing. Among the clusters outside the industry chain professional market, the information in the transmission process of the "distortion" is the most direct cause of negative externality: on the one hand, there is no cooperation incentive between adjacent enterprises industry chain; on the other hand the target price competition, take the moral hazard and adverse selection costs far less than the cost of innovation bottleneck. Once the technology development reaches the maturity of industrial technology, Negative externality behavior will greatly affect the overall efficiency of the industry chain, even into the dead cycle in industry. This paper tries to prove that if the middle of approaching in two on the industrial chain of professional market is a leading enterprise, through information processing and can achieve better control of the vertical and horizontal correlation transfer the impact of the enterprise, and improve the knowledge innovation ability of the whole cluster, and avoid into a vicious spiral. The leading enterprises for information flow through the control of regional cluster and the flow of information rent in the region, and then become a special cluster information processing enterprises, and can obtain continuous knowledge innovation and other related industries. Enterprise clusters benefited from efficiency is higher than outside the cluster cluster information processing, cluster enterprises also enjoy some information rent. In other words, the information rent The acquisition is an important factor for clusters to be better than the same industry non cluster enterprises or organizations. Finally, through the case of TOYOTA automobile industrial cluster, it analyzes how TOYOTA car expands the system inside the enterprise and the formation and distribution of information rent in the process.

【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F273.1;F272

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本文編號：1534974