本文關鍵詞： 動三軸試驗儀 全表面數(shù)字圖像測量系統(tǒng) 液壓伺服加載系統(tǒng) 雙向激振控制 小載荷精確測量　出處：《大連理工大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：土工建筑物及其地基除承受靜載荷作用之外,有時也會受到動載荷的作用,如地震、車輛、機器及爆炸引起的震動載荷。研究與評估動載荷作用下的土工建筑物及其地基的穩(wěn)定性和變形,需要對有關土體的動態(tài)特性進行分析掌握,如土體的變形特性和強度特性。室內進行的土體動態(tài)特性研究主要方法是動三軸試驗,土工動三軸試驗儀是專門用于動三軸試驗的儀器,因此土工動三軸試驗儀的研發(fā)工作對土的動態(tài)特性研究極為關鍵。雖然我國土工動三軸試驗儀的研制已有五十余年,但目前仍與國外知名公司的產品存在較大差距,研發(fā)具有自主知識產權的土工動三軸試驗儀已成為我國土工試驗儀器研發(fā)的重要工作。 針對國內外動三軸試驗儀由雙向激振耦合引起的動載荷加載精度不高,以及接觸式測量易引擾動試樣等問題,研發(fā)更高精度、更易精確測量試樣變形的動三軸試驗儀具有重要作用與意義。本文作者研制的新型土工動三軸試驗儀借鑒了國內外現(xiàn)有的動三軸試驗儀,引入具有自主知識產權的全表面數(shù)字圖像測量技術及雙激振控制技術等,將新型土工動三軸試驗儀的性能提高至國內外先進水平。液壓伺服加載系統(tǒng)中蓄能器組和恒壓變量泵的選用,保證了動態(tài)加載時壓力波動小以及靜態(tài)加載時油源系統(tǒng)節(jié)能。依托于全表面數(shù)字圖像測量技術的應用,實現(xiàn)了非接觸式測量,通過試樣表面標定點的位置改變和后臺軟件的計算處理,得到試樣的體應變；攝像機不間斷的拍攝記錄試樣的變化過程,對土體的動態(tài)特性研究具有重要意義。新型土工動三軸試驗儀也具有雙向激振精確控制、小載荷精確測量、應用輔助提升裝置等功能特點。 結合土工動三軸試驗儀的原理和儀器的功能要求,本文作者完成了新型土工動三軸試驗儀壓力室、伺服加載系統(tǒng)、試驗操作平臺等全部機械設計,引入全表面數(shù)字圖像測量系統(tǒng),安裝并調試試驗儀器并進行試驗,以及試驗后對數(shù)據(jù)的分析等工作。
[Abstract]:In addition to static loads, geotechnical structures and their foundations are sometimes subjected to dynamic loads, such as earthquakes, vehicles, Vibration loads caused by machines and explosions. To study and evaluate the stability and deformation of geotechnical structures and their foundations under dynamic loads, it is necessary to analyze and master the dynamic characteristics of the soils concerned. For example, the deformation and strength characteristics of soil mass. The main method of dynamic characteristics of soil is dynamic triaxial test, and the geotechnical triaxial test instrument is specially used for dynamic triaxial test. Therefore, the research and development of geotechnical triaxial test instrument is very important to the study of soil dynamic characteristics. Although the development of geo-dynamic triaxial test instrument in China has been more than 50 years, there is still a big gap with the products of famous foreign companies. The research and development of geotechnical triaxial test instrument with independent intellectual property rights has become an important work in the research and development of geotechnical test instruments in China. Aiming at the problem that the dynamic load loading precision of the dynamic triaxial test instrument at home and abroad caused by the bidirectional excitation coupling is not high, and the contact measurement method is easy to lead to the disturbance sample and so on, a higher precision is developed. The dynamic triaxial test instrument, which is more convenient and accurate for measuring specimen deformation, is of great importance and significance. A new type of dynamic triaxial test instrument developed by the author of this paper has drawn lessons from the existing dynamic triaxial test instrument at home and abroad. Introducing full-surface digital image measurement technology with independent intellectual property rights and dual-excitation control technology, etc. The performance of the new type geodynamic triaxial test instrument is improved to the advanced level at home and abroad. The selection of accumulator group and constant pressure variable pump in hydraulic servo loading system, It ensures the low pressure fluctuation in dynamic loading and energy saving of oil source system under static loading. Based on the application of full-surface digital image measurement technology, non-contact measurement is realized. The volume strain of the sample is obtained by changing the position of the surface of the specimen and the calculation of the backstage software, and the process of the change of the sample is recorded by the camera without interruption. It is of great significance to study the dynamic characteristics of soil. The new type of geo-dynamic triaxial test instrument also has the functions of accurate control of bidirectional excitation, accurate measurement of small load and application of auxiliary lifting device. Combined with the principle of the geodynamic triaxial test instrument and the functional requirements of the instrument, the author has completed all the mechanical design of the new type geodynamic triaxial test instrument, such as pressure chamber, servo loading system, test operating platform, etc. The full surface digital image measurement system is introduced, the test instrument is installed, debugged and tested, and the data analysis after the test is carried out.
【學位授予單位】：大連理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU415

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