拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為的刑法規(guī)制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-14 12:45
【摘要】：近年來(lái),食品安全事故頻發(fā),我國(guó)面臨的食品安全問(wèn)題形勢(shì)嚴(yán)峻。就食品安全保護(hù)而言,刑法是最終的屏障,因此對(duì)于這部分問(wèn)題的規(guī)制力度必須要加大,進(jìn)而起到保護(hù)食品安全的作用。我國(guó)目前已經(jīng)頒布了《食品安全法》等相應(yīng)的法律,而且《刑法修正案(八)》也針對(duì)食品安全犯罪做出的較大程度的調(diào)整和修改,為刑法調(diào)控拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為奠定了法制基礎(chǔ)。該種行為納入刑法規(guī)范具有必要性與可行性,必要性在于維護(hù)社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序以及完善刑事法制,可行性源于我國(guó)已經(jīng)出臺(tái)的相關(guān)法律法規(guī)與域外立法借鑒。刑法調(diào)控拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為的方式是增設(shè)“拒不召回不安全食品罪”,其直接目的是從根源上防范此類行為,理論依據(jù)是風(fēng)險(xiǎn)刑法理論、不作為犯罪理論和四要件的犯罪構(gòu)成模式。本文共分四部分內(nèi)容:第一部分,拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為刑法規(guī)制的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù)。具體是對(duì)食品召回這一制度的起源及其發(fā)展?fàn)顩r進(jìn)行介紹,并且簡(jiǎn)單介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)這一制度的發(fā)展以及當(dāng)前的現(xiàn)狀,并從經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治和法律層面分析對(duì)不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為進(jìn)行刑法規(guī)制的必要性,從現(xiàn)有法律法規(guī)分析對(duì)不履行這一義務(wù)進(jìn)行刑法規(guī)制的可行性。第二部分,拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為刑法規(guī)制的理論基礎(chǔ)。將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)刑法理論引入其中,探究在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)下,面對(duì)不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為時(shí),刑法面臨的問(wèn)題和應(yīng)對(duì)辦法。通過(guò)分析不作為犯罪理論,闡明不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為需要入罪的依據(jù)。通過(guò)比較各國(guó)的犯罪構(gòu)成模式,選擇不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為入刑所采用的犯罪構(gòu)成模式。第三部分,拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為刑法規(guī)制的域外考察。選取了加拿大、美國(guó)等國(guó)有關(guān)這一方面的制度作為參考,對(duì)其進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹和深入分析,對(duì)當(dāng)前國(guó)際上這一制度的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)有所了解,再結(jié)合我國(guó)的基本國(guó)情,對(duì)國(guó)外先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)予以借鑒,同時(shí)說(shuō)明在食品召回制度發(fā)展較快的國(guó)家,針對(duì)不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為進(jìn)行刑法規(guī)制也是必要的。第四部分,拒不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為刑法規(guī)制的具體設(shè)計(jì)。通過(guò)罪名的設(shè)計(jì)使得對(duì)不履行食品召回義務(wù)行為刑法規(guī)制有一個(gè)初步的印象,通過(guò)對(duì)犯罪構(gòu)成四要件的簡(jiǎn)單介紹,分析得出拒不召回不安全食品罪的犯罪構(gòu)成四要件的具體內(nèi)容,得出拒不召回不安全食品罪的具體刑罰設(shè)計(jì)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, food safety accidents occur frequently. As far as food safety protection is concerned, criminal law is the ultimate barrier, so the regulation of this part of the problem must be strengthened, and then play a role in the protection of food safety. At present, China has promulgated the "Food Safety Law" and other corresponding laws, and the "Criminal Law Amendment (8)" has also made relatively large adjustments and amendments to food safety crimes. It lays a legal foundation for the criminal law to control the refusal to fulfill the duty of food recall. It is necessary and feasible for this kind of behavior to be brought into the criminal law norm. The necessity lies in maintaining social harmony and stability, market economy order and perfecting criminal legal system. The feasibility comes from the relevant laws and regulations and foreign legislation that our country has issued. The way that the criminal law regulates the behavior of refusing to fulfill the recall obligation of food is to add the crime of refusing to recall unsafe food. Its direct purpose is to prevent this kind of behavior from the root, and the theoretical basis is the theory of risk criminal law. The theory of omission crime and the four elements of the crime constitute mode. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the practical basis of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. Specifically, it introduces the origin and development of the food recall system, and briefly introduces the development and current situation of this system in China, and from the perspective of the economy, At the political and legal level, the necessity of the criminal law regulation on the failure to fulfill the obligation of food recall is analyzed, and the feasibility of the criminal law regulation on the failure to fulfill this obligation is analyzed from the existing laws and regulations. The second part, the theory foundation of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. This paper introduces the theory of risk criminal law into it, and explores the problems and countermeasures of the criminal law when it does not fulfill the duty of food recall in the risk society. By analyzing the theory of omission, this paper expounds the basis of incrimination for failing to fulfill the duty of food recall. By comparing the crime constitution model of various countries, the author chooses the crime constitution mode of not fulfilling the duty of food recall. The third part, the extraterritorial investigation of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. Taking Canada, the United States and other countries' systems in this area as reference, briefly introducing and analyzing them, understanding the current international development trend of this system, and combining with the basic conditions of our country, At the same time, it is necessary to regulate the behavior of food recall by criminal law in countries where the food recall system is developing rapidly. The fourth part, the specific design of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. Through the design of the charge makes a preliminary impression on the criminal law regulation of the failure to fulfill the duty of food recall, and through the brief introduction of the four elements of the constitution of the crime, The four elements of the crime of refusing to recall unsafe food are analyzed, and the specific penalty design of the crime of refusing to recall unsafe food is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3
本文編號(hào)：2270492
[Abstract]:In recent years, food safety accidents occur frequently. As far as food safety protection is concerned, criminal law is the ultimate barrier, so the regulation of this part of the problem must be strengthened, and then play a role in the protection of food safety. At present, China has promulgated the "Food Safety Law" and other corresponding laws, and the "Criminal Law Amendment (8)" has also made relatively large adjustments and amendments to food safety crimes. It lays a legal foundation for the criminal law to control the refusal to fulfill the duty of food recall. It is necessary and feasible for this kind of behavior to be brought into the criminal law norm. The necessity lies in maintaining social harmony and stability, market economy order and perfecting criminal legal system. The feasibility comes from the relevant laws and regulations and foreign legislation that our country has issued. The way that the criminal law regulates the behavior of refusing to fulfill the recall obligation of food is to add the crime of refusing to recall unsafe food. Its direct purpose is to prevent this kind of behavior from the root, and the theoretical basis is the theory of risk criminal law. The theory of omission crime and the four elements of the crime constitute mode. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part, the practical basis of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. Specifically, it introduces the origin and development of the food recall system, and briefly introduces the development and current situation of this system in China, and from the perspective of the economy, At the political and legal level, the necessity of the criminal law regulation on the failure to fulfill the obligation of food recall is analyzed, and the feasibility of the criminal law regulation on the failure to fulfill this obligation is analyzed from the existing laws and regulations. The second part, the theory foundation of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. This paper introduces the theory of risk criminal law into it, and explores the problems and countermeasures of the criminal law when it does not fulfill the duty of food recall in the risk society. By analyzing the theory of omission, this paper expounds the basis of incrimination for failing to fulfill the duty of food recall. By comparing the crime constitution model of various countries, the author chooses the crime constitution mode of not fulfilling the duty of food recall. The third part, the extraterritorial investigation of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. Taking Canada, the United States and other countries' systems in this area as reference, briefly introducing and analyzing them, understanding the current international development trend of this system, and combining with the basic conditions of our country, At the same time, it is necessary to regulate the behavior of food recall by criminal law in countries where the food recall system is developing rapidly. The fourth part, the specific design of the criminal law regulation of refusing to fulfill the duty of food recall. Through the design of the charge makes a preliminary impression on the criminal law regulation of the failure to fulfill the duty of food recall, and through the brief introduction of the four elements of the constitution of the crime, The four elements of the crime of refusing to recall unsafe food are analyzed, and the specific penalty design of the crime of refusing to recall unsafe food is obtained.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D924.3
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